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| Author |
Maestripieri, D. |
| Title |
Comparing cognition in animals, and researchers |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Cogn Sci |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
452-453 |
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Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago, 5730 S. Woodlawn Avenue, 60637, Chicago, IL, USA |
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English |
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1364-6613 |
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| Notes |
PMID:11707385 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2853 |
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| Author |
Slotnick, B. |
| Title |
Animal cognition and the rat olfactory system |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Cogn Sci |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
216-222 |
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| Abstract |
Is smell a 'primitive' sense used primarily to guide biologically basic behaviors or might it be the sensory modality that allows some species to express complex learning and other forms of cognitive behavior? Historically, the olfactory system has been considered primitive and it is not surprising that, until recently, cognitive neuroscientists have ignored odor-guided behavior. However, we now know that the olfactory system has projections to the prefrontal cortex, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, and that these connections support the acquisition of simple and higher-order instrumental tasks, as well as a robust memory for odors. It appears that animals with a well-developed sense of smell have the neural machinery to think with their noses. |
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Dept of Psychology, American University, 20016, Washington, DC, USA |
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English |
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1364-6613 |
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PMID:11323267 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2854 |
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| Author |
McLean, A.N. |
| Title |
Cognitive abilities -- the result of selective pressures on food acquisition? |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume |
71 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
241-258 |
| Keywords |
Adaptive intelligence; Animal cognition; Darwinian selection; Insightful learning |
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Locating and capturing food are suggested as significant selection pressures for the evolution of various cognitive abilities in mammals and birds. The hypothesis is proposed that aspects of food procuring behaviour should be strongly indicative of particular cognitive abilities. Experimental data concerning higher mental abilities in mammals and birds are reviewed. These data deal with self-recognition studies, rule-learning experiments, number concept, deceptive abilities, tool-use and observational learning. A Darwinian approach reveals: (1) the adaptiveness of particular abilities for particular niches, (2) that in complex foraging environments, increases in foraging efficiencies in animals should result from the evolution of particular cognitive abilities, (3) that phenomena such as convergent mental evolution should be expected to have taken place across taxonomic groups for species exploiting similar niches, (4) that divergence in mental ability should also have taken place where related species have exploited dissimilar niches. Experimental data of higher mental abilities in animals concur with a Darwinian explanation for the distribution of these cognitive abilities and no anomalies have been found. There are, as a consequence, significant implications for the welfare of animals subject to training when training methodology gives little or no consideration to the various mental abilities of species. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2907 |
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| Author |
Tomasello, M. |
| Title |
Cultural Transmission: A View from Chimpanzees and Human Infants |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology |
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32 |
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2 |
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135-146 |
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Human beings are biologically adapted for culture in ways that other primates are not, as evidenced most clearly by the fact that only human cultural traditions accumulate modifications over historical time (the ratchet effect). The key adaptation is one that enables individuals to understand other individuals as intentional agents like the self. This species-unique form of social cognition emerges in human ontogeny at around 1 year of age as infants begin to engage with other persons in various kinds of joint attentional activities involving gaze following, social referencing, and gestural communication. Young children's joint attentional skills then engender some uniquely powerful forms of cultural learning, enabling the acquisition of language, discourse skills, tool use practices, and many other conventional activities. These novel forms of cultural learning allow human beings to pool their cognitive resources both contemporaneously and over historical time in ways that are unique in the animal kingdom. |
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10.1177/0022022101032002002 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2968 |
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| Author |
Clayton NS; Griffiths DP; Emery NJ; Dickinson A |
| Title |
Elements of episodic-like memory in animals |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. |
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356 |
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1483 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3062 |
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| Author |
Pearce JM; Bouton ME |
| Title |
Theories of associative learning in animals |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Annu. Rev. Psychol. |
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52 |
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111 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3070 |
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Povinelli DJ; Dunphy-Lelii S |
| Title |
Do chimpanzees seek explanations? Preliminary comparative investigations |
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2001 |
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Can. J. Exp. Psychol. |
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55 |
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185 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3071 |
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Santos LR; Hauser MD; Spelke ES |
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Recognition and categorization of biologically significant objects by rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta): the domain of food |
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2001 |
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Cognition |
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82 |
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127 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3073 |
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| Author |
Johnson, C.M. |
| Title |
Distributed primate cognition: a review |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
167-183 |
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A model of “distributed cognition” is contrasted with the “mental representation” model exemplified by Tomasello and Call's Primate Cognition. Rather than using behavior as a basis for inferences to invisible mental events such as intentions, the distributed approach treats communicative interactions as, themselves, directly observable cognitive events. Similar to a Vygotskian approach, this model characterizes cognition as “co-constructed” by the participants. This approach is thus particularly suitable for studying primates (including humans), whose reliance on multiparty negotiations can undermine the researcher's ability to extrapolate from observable outcomes back to individual intentions. Detailed (e.g., frame-by-frame) analyses of such interactions reveal cross-species differences in the relevant media of information flow (e.g., behavioral coordination, relative gaze) as well as in the flexibility and complexity of the trajectories observed. Plus, with its focus on dynamics, the distributed approach is especially useful for modeling developmental and evolutionary processes. In discussing enculturation and the ontogeny of imitation, its emphasis is on changes in how expert and novice participate in such events, rather than how either may represent them. Primate cognitive evolution is seen as involving changes in context sensitivity, multi-tasking, and the coordination of social attention. Humans in particular – in, especially, the context of teaching – are seen as having specialized in linking co-perception with the refined sensory-motor coordination that enables them to translate observed behavior into strategically similar action. Highlighting the continuity between human and nonhuman development, this promising, complementary model enables us to tap the richness of micro-ethology as a cognitive science. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3086 |
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| Author |
Snowdon, C.T. |
| Title |
Social processes in communication and cognition in callitrichid monkeys: a review |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
4 |
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3 |
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247-257 |
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Studies of vocal development in nonhuman primates have found little evidence for plasticity in vocal production, somewhat more for usage of calls, with the greatest plasticity arising in response to calls of others. Generally, similar results were obtained with callitrichid monkeys, the marmosets and tamarins, but with several interesting exceptions. Infant pygmy marmosets show babbling behavior with improvement in adult call structure related to the amount and diversity of babbling. Adult marmosets alter call structure in response to changes in social partners, and wild marmosets have vocal dialects and modify call structure according to how far they are from other group members, suggesting the potential to modify call structure in different social and environmental contexts, though direct learning of novel vocalizations has not been observed. Infant cotton-top tamarins do not produce adult-like calls in appropriate contexts, at least in the first few months of life, but through food sharing from adults infants learn about appropriate foods and the appropriate contexts for food vocalizations. Tamarins modify call structure and usage with changes in social status. Tamarins, unlike other monkeys tested, can learn to avoid noxious foods through observation of other group members, and can learn about novel food locations. Recent studies provide evidence of contextual imitation in marmosets. The plasticity in vocal communication and evidence of social learning in marmosets and tamarins relative to other monkeys may be related to the cooperative breeding system of marmosets and tamarins. With a high degree of behavioral coordination among group members, there is a priority on monitoring signals and behavior of others and adjusting one's own signals and behavior. This creates the context for vocal plasticity and social learning. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3090 |
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