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Author Bugnyar T; Huber L openurl 
  Title Push or pull: an experimental study on imitation in marmosets Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 54 Issue Pages 817  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2984  
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Author Hauser MD; Kralik J openurl 
  Title Life beyond the mirror: a reply to Anderson & Gallup Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 54 Issue Pages 1568  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3002  
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Author Inoue-Nakamura N; Matsuzawa T openurl 
  Title Development of stone tool use by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication J. Comp. Psychol. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 111 Issue Pages 159  
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  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3009  
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Author Povinelli DJ; Gallup GG; Eddy TJ; Bierschwale DT; Engstrom MC openurl 
  Title Chimpanzees recognize themselves in mirrors Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 53 Issue Pages 1083  
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  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3029  
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Author Hauser MD openurl 
  Title Artifactual kinds and functional design features: what a primate understands without language Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Cognition Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 64 Issue Pages 285  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3064  
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Author Flannery, B. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Relational discrimination learning in horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.  
  Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages 267-280  
  Keywords Horses; Shaping; Complex discrimination; Concept formation; Generalization ability; Training  
  Abstract This series of studies investigated horses' ability to learn the concept of sameness under several different conditions. Before experimentation began, three horses were shaped to touch individually presented stimuli with their muzzles, and then to make two responses to two matching cards from an array of three. A modified version of the identity matching-to-sample (IMTS) procedure was used to present stimuli in a variety of configural arrangements on a barn wall (Experiment 1 and Experiment 2), and on a flat panel mounted to a barn door (Experiment 3). The task in each experiment was to select the two stimulus cards that were the same (either circles or Xs) and to avoid the nonmatching stimulus card (either a star or a square). In Experiment 1, the mean accuracy rate for selecting the matching alternatives was 74%. The horses' accuracy levels reached a mean level of 83% during Experiment 2, in which they received additional trials and an intermittent secondary reinforcement schedule. In Experiment 3, when the stimuli were moved further apart from each other within arrangements and were presented on a novel background, the mean accuracy rate was 73%. These data demonstrate that horses can learn complex discrimination problems involving the concept of sameness, and that they are able to generalize this learning to a novel stimulus presentation situation. These results also suggest that a relational discrimination test may be useful for assessing horses' learning ability and the level of training appropriate for individual horses.  
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  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3557  
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Author Le Scolan, N.; Hausberger, M.; Wolff, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Stability over situations in temperamental traits of horses as revealed by experimental and scoring approaches Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Behavioural Processes Abbreviated Journal Behav. Process.  
  Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 257-266  
  Keywords Behavioural tests; Horse; Ratings; Temperament  
  Abstract Individual behavioural reactions of adult horses in a variety of experimental tests were compared with ratings by riding teachers. The tests were made in a non working situation, with the animals being released in an arena, a box (arena test, new object test, learning tests) or handled (new object/handling situation). The traits rated by teachers were fearfulness, nervousness, gregariousness and learning abilities at work (ridden or handled). Despite a great homogeneity in the reactions exhibited by the horses in the different situations, large individual differences were present. Correlations appeared between the reactivity in the arena test and the score of gregariousness, between the reactivity in the novel object test and the rating of nervousness when ridden, between the results in the handling test and the rating of general fearfulness and between the ability to memorise an instrumental task and the score of general learning ability. Such results strengthen the idea that there are underlying behavioural dispositions that are stable across situations and that the experimental tests may be good predictors of the temperament in untrained animals.  
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  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3591  
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Author Bayley,L.; Maxwell, R. (eds) isbn  openurl
  Title Understanding Your Horse: How to Overcome Common Behaviour Problems Type Book Whole
  Year 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Abstract Editorial Reviews

From Booklist

“Problem” horses are usually horses that are trying to tell their owners that something is wrong and reacting in the only way they know how. Lesley Bayley leads the reader through Richard Maxwell's system of understanding equine psychology and for overcoming some of the natural responses that horses use in situations that frighten or confuse them. Beginning with two chapters on how horses communicate with each other (and with their owners), the authors go on to describe the effects of pain on the horse's behavior. Two chapters on establishing trust with older, difficult horses and with “starting” (breaking in) foals and young horses lead into the final sections on dealing with specific behavioral problems. The authors stress that positive reinforcement of desired behaviors will achieve the desired results, and that understanding why a horse is acting the way it does goes a long way toward getting it to develop desirable habits or toward changing undesirable conduct. This will be an extremely useful adjunct to all of the how-to books on riding and horse care. Nancy Bent

Book Description

A wealth of sound advice on how to “listen to” and really understand your horse, with a caring approach to techniques for training and overcoming behavioral problems.
 
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  Publisher Trafalgar Square Publishing Place of Publication Editor Bayley,L.; Maxwell, R.  
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  ISSN ISBN 978-1570760730 Medium  
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  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3593  
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Author Rundgren, M.; Nordin, A. openurl 
  Title Personality profile and simple learning tests for horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Animal Production Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 1-4  
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  Publisher Place of Publication Vienna Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3598  
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Author Foster, T.M.; Matthews, L.R.; Temple, W.; Poling, A. url  openurl
  Title Concurrent schedule performance in domestic goats: persistent undermatching Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Behavioural Processes Abbreviated Journal Behav. Process.  
  Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 231-237  
  Keywords Matching equation; Undermatching; Variable-interval schedule; Nose-press response; Goats  
  Abstract Performance of nine domestic goats responding under concurrent variable-interval variable-interval schedules of food delivery was examined, with results analyzed in terms of the generalized matching equation. Substantial undermatching of response and time allocation ratios to obtained reinforcement ratios was evident. Post-reinforcement pause time ratios approximately matched obtained reinforcement ratios. Subtracting these times from total time allocation values yielded net time allocation ratios, which undermatched obtained reinforcement ratios to a greater degree than whole-session time allocation ratios. Slopes of regression lines relating behavioral outputs to environmental inputs characteristically were below 0.6, which is similar to previous findings in dairy cows tested under comparable conditions.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3602  
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