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Kirkwood, J.K.; Hubrecht, R. |
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Title |
Animal Consciousness, Cognition and Welfare |
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2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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5-17 |
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3488 |
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Dawkins, M.S. |
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Title |
Who Needs Consciousness? |
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2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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19-29 |
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3489 |
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Author |
Taylor, J.G. |
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Title |
What do Neuronal Network Models of the Mind Indicate about Animal Consciousness? |
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2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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63-75 |
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3490 |
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Author |
Tschudin, A.J.-P.C. |
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Title |
'Mindreading' Mammals? Attribution of Belief Tasks with Dolphins |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim Welfare |
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10 |
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119-127 |
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Abstract |
'Mindreading' or theory of mind (ToM) refers to the capacity to attribute mental states to others. This ability is regarded as a critical component of what has, to date, exclusively characterized the advanced social cognition displayed by humans. The false belief task is a key test for ToM in different animal species. On a standard non-verbal false belief task, humans pass from age 4, whereas non-human primates consistently fail. Neuroanatomical and behavioural evidence for dolphins, however, indicates that they are capable of passing ToM tasks. The current paper represents a synthesis of the relevant dolphin research on neocortical evolution and non-invasive behavioural tests of precursors for ToM and the attribution of beliefs. The success of dolphins on attribution of belief tasks, in the absence of learning or cueing, indicates that they are capable of 'mindreading'. What are the implications of animal 'mindreading'? ToM tasks probe for reflexive consciousness and, by this criterion, dolphins may display reflexive consciousness. The implication of this conclusion is that future behavioural studies of social cognition will have considerable ethical and legal implications for animal welfare. |
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3491 |
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Author |
Wemelsfelder, F. |
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Title |
The Inside and Outside Aspects of Consciousness: Complementary Approaches to the Study of Animal Emotion |
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2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
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10 |
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129-139 |
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3492 |
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Author |
Lea, S.E.G. |
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Title |
Anticipation and Memory as Criteria for Special Welfare Consideration |
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Year |
2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
Abbreviated Journal |
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10 |
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195-208 |
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3493 |
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Author |
Held, S.; Mendl, M.; Devereux, C.; Byrne, R.W. |
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Title |
Studies in Social Cognition: From Primates to Pigs |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2001 |
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Animal Welfare |
Abbreviated Journal |
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10 |
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Pages |
209-217 |
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3494 |
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Author |
Wallin, L.; Strandberg, E.; Philipsson, J. |
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Title |
Phenotypic relationship between test results of Swedish Warmblood horses as 4-year-olds and longevity |
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Year |
2001 |
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Livestock Production Science |
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68 |
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2-3 |
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97-105 |
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Horse; Longevity; Survival analysis; Test traits |
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The relationship between longevity and different traits scored in the Swedish Riding Horse Quality Test (RHQT) was studied to evaluate their use as predictors of survival. Data comprised 1815 Warmblood horses born between 1969 and 1982 that had participated in the RHQT as 4-year-olds. Survival information was obtained via a questionnaire sent to owners of horses that had participated in the RHQT between 1973 and 1986. All phenotypic values of traits scored at 4 years of age were adjusted for the effect of place/year (event). Survival analysis was performed taking into account censoring. Traits having significant effects on longevity were: conformation, legs (included in conformation), orthopaedic status, jumping ability, and the horses' combined classification score for dressage and jumping talents, respectively. Orthopaedic health had the greatest influence on longevity, and demonstrated the importance of judging health traits in young sports horses. The results of this study confirmed that there is a significant phenotypic relationship between many of the RHQT traits and longevity, and thus the possibility of using them as predictors of survival. |
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3958 |
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