Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database -- Query Results

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Author	Alexander, S.L.; Irvine, C.H.
Title	The effect of social stress on adrenal axis activity in horses: the importance of monitoring corticosteroid-binding globulin capacity			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Journal of Endocrinology	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	157	Issue	3	Pages	425-432
Keywords
Abstract	Plasma cortisol is largely bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), which regulates its bioavailability by restricting exit from capillaries. Levels of CBG may be altered by several factors including stress and this can influence the amount of cortisol reaching cells. This study investigated the effect of social instability on plasma concentrations of CBG, total and free (not protein bound) cortisol in horses. Horses new to our research herd ('newcomers') were confined in a small yard with four dominant resident horses for 3-4 h daily for 3-4 (n = 5) or 9-14 (n = 3) days. Jugular blood was collected in the mornings from newcomers before the period of stress began ('pre-stress'), and then before each day's stress. Residents were bled before stress on the first and thirteenth day. Residents always behaved aggressively towards newcomers. By the end of the stress period, all newcomers were subordinate to residents. In newcomers (n = 8) after 3-4 days of social stress, CBG binding capacity had fallen (P = 0.0025), while free cortisol concentrations had risen (P = 0.0016) from pre-stress values. In contrast, total cortisol did not change. In residents, CBG had decreased slightly but significantly (P = 0.0162) after 12 days of stress. Residents and newcomers did not differ in pre-stress CBG binding capacity, total or free cortisol concentrations. However, by the second week of stress, CBG binding capacity was lower (P = 0.015) and free cortisol higher (P = 0.030) in newcomers (n = 3) than in residents. Total cortisol did not differ between the groups. In conclusion social stress clearly affected the adrenal axis of subordinate newcomer horses, lowering the binding capacity of CBG and raising free cortisol concentrations. However, no effect of stress could be detected when only total cortisol was measured. Therefore, to assess adrenal axis status accurately in horses, it is essential to monitor the binding capacity of CBG and free cortisol concentrations in addition to total cortisol levels.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	10.1677/joe.0.1570425			Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5844
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Author	Vetvik, H.; Grewal, H.M.S.; Haugen, I.L.; Åhrén, C.; Haneberg, B.
Title	Mucosal antibodies can be measured in air-dried samples of saliva and feces			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Journal of Immunological Methods	Abbreviated Journal
Volume	215	Issue	1–2	Pages	163-172
Keywords	Saliva; Feces; IgA; IgG; Air-drying
Abstract	IgA antibodies reflecting airways or intestinal mucosal immune responses can be found in saliva and feces, respectively, and IgG antibodies reflecting serum antibodies can be found in saliva. In this study, antibodies were detected in samples of saliva and feces which had been air-dried at room temperature (+20°C) or +37°C, and stored at these temperatures for up to 6 months. In saliva the antibody levels increased, while the antibodies in feces decreased upon storage. The individual IgA antibody concentrations which were adjusted by using the ratios of specific IgA/total IgA were relatively stable in both saliva and feces, and correlated with corresponding antibody levels in samples which had been stored at -20°C. The results indicate that air-dried saliva and feces can be used for semiquantitative measurements of mucosal antibodies, even after prolonged storage at high temperatures and lack of refrigeration.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0022-1759	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5996
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Author	Daniel, J.C.; Mikulka, P.J.
Title	Discrimination learning in the white rhinoceros			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Applied Animal Behaviour Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.
Volume	58	Issue	1–2	Pages	197-202
Keywords	Rhinoceros; Learning
Abstract	This study examined the ability of two adult white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum) to develop a visual discrimination between an open circle and a triangle. These stimuli were presented as black symbols on large white cards. The cards were presented 4.6 m apart and a food reward was given if the subject approached the open circle. Ten discrimination choices were given daily until each subject reached the criterion of 80% correct responding over a block of 50 trials. The female reached the criterion over trials 151–200, while the male required considerably longer (trials 501–550). The male's discrimination was dramatically affected by a shift in the food reward. This study demonstrates that these rhinos were able to develop a successful discrimination and this protocol could be used to further examine their visual acuity.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0168-1591	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	6145
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Author	Klingel, H.
Title	*Observations on social organization and behaviour of African and Asiatic Wild Asses (Equus africanus and Equus hemionus)*			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Applied Animal Behaviour Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl Anim Behav Sci
Volume	60	Issue	2	Pages	103-113
Keywords	Equus africanus Equus hemionus Territoriality
Abstract	1This paper appears with kind permission of Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin and Hamburg. It was originally published in Z. Tierpsychol., 44, 323-331 (1977), ISSN 0044-3573/ASTM-Coden: ZETIAG.1 Abstract African and Asiatic Wild Asses (Equus africanus and Equus hemionus) live in unstable groups or herds of variable composition. Some of the adult stallions are territorial in large territories in which they tolerate other ♂♂. The territorial ♂♂ are dominant over all their conspecifics
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0168-1591	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	6173
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Author	Mench, J.A.; Morrow-Tesch, J.; Chu, L.-R.
Title	Environmental enrichment for farm animals			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Lab Animal	Abbreviated Journal	Lab Anim.
Volume	27	Issue		Pages	32-36
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN	ISSN : 0093-7355	Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	6188
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Author	Nissen, J.
Title	Enzyklopädie der Pferderassen			Type	Book Whole
Year	1998	Publication		Abbreviated Journal
Volume		Issue		Pages
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher	Kosmos	Place of Publication	Stuttgart	Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	6543
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Author	Dugatkin, L.A.
Title	A comment on Lafleur et al.'s re-evaluation of mate-choice copying in guppies			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
Volume	56	Issue	2	Pages	513-514
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1812
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Author	Galef, B. G. JR; White, D.J.
Title	Mate-choice copying in Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
Volume	55	Issue	3	Pages	545-552
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1814
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Author	Stoehr S.
Title	Evolution of mate-choice copying: a dynamic model			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
Volume	55	Issue	4	Pages	893-903
Keywords
Abstract	Mate-choice copying has recently been demonstrated in several species. Two, not mutually exclusive, explanations for copying have been proposed: it reduces sampling costs and/or error of mate choice. In guppies, Poecilia reticulata, and black grouse, Tetrao tetrix, young females seem most likely to copy. Therefore, copying may teach inexperienced females what attractive males look like. I developed a 2-year dynamic model, to investigate under which conditions a mate-copying strategy might first evolve. An original population of pure choosers was assumed, which was invaded by a mutant female, able to copy during her first mating season, thereby instantly improving her ability to assess male quality. Alternatively, she could either wait and learn by observing males, just as non-copiers may do, but incurring some time costs, or choose, relying on her own abilities. The degree to which copying occurred among these mutant, young, inexperienced females increased with an increasing proportion of old, experienced females in the population, and with decreasing time left until the end of the season. The model demonstrates that mate-choice copying may evolve, when young females are poor at discrimination and need to learn what high-quality males look like. Male quality proved to be unimportant for copying to evolve, as long as there are sufficient differences in quality for mate choice to be meaningful. As with previous models, time constraints are an important assumption for copying to be advantageous over non-copying. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
Address	Department of Zoology, Uppsala University, Sweden
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN	0003-3472	ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes	PMID:9632476			Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	1822
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Author	Khalil, A.M.; Kaseda, Y.
Title	Early experience affects developmental behaviour and timing of harem formation in Misaki horses			Type	Journal Article
Year	1998	Publication	Applied Animal Behaviour Science	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.
Volume	59	Issue	4	Pages	253-263
Keywords	Feral horse; Young male; Social behavior; Developmental stage
Abstract	A study was made of the behavior of young male Misaki feral horses in the developmental stage, by observing nine of them once a week from January 1988 to December 1996. The relationship between behavior before separation and in the developmental stage was also investigated. This stage begins just after young males separate from their natal band or mothers, and it continues until they start to form harems. The duration of the developmental stage in the study ranged from 0.6 to 3.9 years, depending on the age of the young males at the time of separation. Young males associated with three types of social groups at the beginning of the developmental stage, according to their social groups before separation. These were bachelor groups, harem groups and wandering female groups. During this period, males joined the three groups, mixed sex groups and sometimes were solitary. It was considered that these associations provided a good opportunity for males to acquire different behavioral patterns and experiences before they entered the next stage. Depending on the groups with which they associated, young males that spent more time with bachelor groups had the longest average developmental stage. They associated with harem groups more often during the breeding season and more frequently with other groups or were solitary during the non-breeding season. This may be a transition period because by the end of this stage all males had spent time in solitude before forming their own harem bands.
Address
Corporate Author				Thesis
Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
Language		Summary Language		Original Title
Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
ISSN		ISBN		Medium
Area		Expedition		Conference
Notes				Approved	no
Call Number				Serial	2021
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