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Author Goldschmidt, T.; Bakker, T.C.M.; Feuth-de Bruijn, E. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Selective copying in mate choice of female sticklebacks Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 541-547  
  Keywords  
  Abstract There is evidence that female three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus L., prefer to mate with males whose nests contain eggs rather than with males with empty nests. While there is consensus on this point, a dispute exists about whether this preference should be attributed to a direct effect of the eggs on the female's entering the nest or, alternatively, to a positive impact of the eggs on the courtship behaviour and breeding coloration of the male. In the field experiment reported here females strongly preferred nests with eggs over empty nests. Additionally, females were less likely to enter risky nests with eggs: nests that contained fewer eggs than one average clutch or more eggs than the average nest content of parental males in this population. However, in the field possible differences in male attractiveness were not controlled for. In supplementary laboratory experiments the effect on female choice of possible changes in male attractiveness (intensified courtship and coloration) as a result of the presence of eggs in the nest was tested. Other differences in male attractiveness as a result of differences in male quality (body size, breeding coloration before the test, territory quality and size) were controlled for. When females had no access to the nests, they showed no preference for males with eggs in their nests in simultaneous choice tests. These results, together with the earlier published data, make it likely that the preference of females for nests with eggs is partly a direct consequence of the eggs themselves. So female sticklebacks are influenced by the mate choice behaviour of other females, but remain selective as to the actual nest content.  
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  Call Number (up) Serial 1818  
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Author Stoehr S. doi  openurl
  Title Evolution of mate-choice copying: a dynamic model Type Journal Article
  Year 1998 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 55 Issue 4 Pages 893-903  
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  Abstract Mate-choice copying has recently been demonstrated in several species. Two, not mutually exclusive, explanations for copying have been proposed: it reduces sampling costs and/or error of mate choice. In guppies, Poecilia reticulata, and black grouse, Tetrao tetrix, young females seem most likely to copy. Therefore, copying may teach inexperienced females what attractive males look like. I developed a 2-year dynamic model, to investigate under which conditions a mate-copying strategy might first evolve. An original population of pure choosers was assumed, which was invaded by a mutant female, able to copy during her first mating season, thereby instantly improving her ability to assess male quality. Alternatively, she could either wait and learn by observing males, just as non-copiers may do, but incurring some time costs, or choose, relying on her own abilities. The degree to which copying occurred among these mutant, young, inexperienced females increased with an increasing proportion of old, experienced females in the population, and with decreasing time left until the end of the season. The model demonstrates that mate-choice copying may evolve, when young females are poor at discrimination and need to learn what high-quality males look like. Male quality proved to be unimportant for copying to evolve, as long as there are sufficient differences in quality for mate choice to be meaningful. As with previous models, time constraints are an important assumption for copying to be advantageous over non-copying. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.  
  Address Department of Zoology, Uppsala University, Sweden  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:9632476 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Serial 1822  
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Author Feh, C.; de Mazières, J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Grooming at a preferred site reduces heart rate in horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 1191-1194  
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  Abstract Abstract. It is commonly suggested that the principal function of allogrooming is to reduce social tension between group members, but direct evidence of the physiological consequences of grooming at particular sites is lacking. By filming allogrooming sequences in a herd of Camargue horses, Equus caballus , their preferred grooming site, which lies on the lower neck, was identified. Experimental imitation of grooming at this site reduced the heart rate of the recipient while grooming on a non-preferred area did not, in both adults and foals. This preferred site lies close to a major ganglion of the autonomic nervous system.  
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  Call Number (up) Serial 2020  
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Author Leca, J.-B.; Gunst, N.; Thierry, B.; Petit, O. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Distributed leadership in semifree-ranging white-faced capuchin monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 66 Issue 6 Pages 1045-1052  
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  Abstract We investigated the initiation of group movements in white-faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus capucinus, with the aim of determining whether a single individual with high dominance status consistently leads movements or whether leadership is distributed between group members. The group studied was reared in semifree-ranging conditions. A multivariate analysis followed by univariate analyses demonstrated that leadership was not concentrated on a single individual in this species. All individuals could initiate a collective movement. Nearly half of group members regularly succeeded in recruiting at least three followers. Although both sexes had similar rates of start attempts, females succeeded more frequently than males. We found no significant effect of the dominance status on the percentage of successful attempts. The use of a slow speed, looking back towards the other group members, or trills by the initiator heightened the likelihood of success in group movement initiation. An initiator starting from a core position in a clumped group was more successful than one starting from an edge position in a clumped group or from a dispersed group. Furthermore, the probability of successful start attempts was higher when the group remained stationary for a long period. Leadership in white-faced capuchins appears to be distributed between group members rather than exclusively concentrated on high-ranking individuals. Copyright 2003 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Serial 2028  
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Author Reale, D.; Festa-Bianchet, M. url  openurl
  Title Predator-induced natural selection on temperament in bighorn ewes Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 463-470  
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  Abstract Temperament traits in animals may have important fitness consequences, but have received little attention from ecologists or evolutionary biologists. A few studies have linked variation in temperament with fitness, but none has measured selection on temperament traits. We estimated the strength of selection on female boldness and docility on bighorn sheep ewes, Ovis canadensis. The Ram Mountain population experienced little predation pressure during the first 25 years of study, then 2 years (1997 and 1998) of frequent predation by cougars, Puma concolor, during which adult ewe mortality almost tripled over the long-term average, to 27% a year. During years of high predation, we found moderate selection favouring bold ewes, and age-specific selection on docility. Old ewes appeared more vulnerable to predation than young ewes. In contrast, no evidence of selection on temperament traits was observed during 2 years of low predation (1996 and 1999). These results suggest predator-induced selection favouring bold and nondocile ewes. Leadership was highly correlated with age and may increase the risk of predator encounter. Leadership alone, however, could not explain the higher vulnerability of old ewes to predation. Cougar predation on bighorn sheep occurs sporadically and unpredictably, probably because individual cougars often are prey specialists. Cougar predation may have limited microevolutionary effects on temperament in bighorn sheep, because it mostly affects ewes near the end of their reproductive life span and because of potential countervailing selection on boldness and docility. Copyright 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.  
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  Call Number (up) Serial 2029  
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Author Syme, G.J.; Syme, L.A. url  openurl
  Title The concept of spatial leadership in farm animals: An experiment with sheep Type Journal Article
  Year 1975 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 23 Issue Part 4 Pages 921-925  
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  Abstract The concept of spatial leadership as applied to farm animals is discussed with particular emphasis on methodological problems. Using three experimental procedures forced spatial leadership orders were measured in a group of Romney ewes. Comparisons between orders showed the effects of both the different experimental tasks and the social context on leadership structure. Both these variables were found to affect the orders obtained. The results are interpreted in terms of the utility of the concept of spatial leadership in domestic animals and the necessity for more systematic procedural investigations in this area.  
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  Call Number (up) Serial 2039  
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Author Dunbar, R.I.; Dunbar, E.P. doi  openurl
  Title Contrasts in social structure among black-and-white colobus monkey groups Type Journal Article
  Year 1976 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 84-92  
  Keywords Agonistic Behavior; Animals; *Colobus; Copulation; Female; *Haplorhini; *Hierarchy, Social; Male; *Social Dominance  
  Abstract Three types of Colobus guereza groups may be distinguished on the bases of size and composition, namely small one-male groups, large, one-male groups and multi-male groups. The social structure of each type of group is described in terms of the distribution of non-agonistic interactions, the frequency and distribution of agonistic behaviour and the organization of the roles of vigilance, territorial defence and leadership. A number of differences are found between the group types which appear to be related to the differences in group size and composition. It is suggested that these group types represent stages in the life-cycle of colobus groups, and that such an interpretation may help to resolve some of the conflicting reports in the literature.  
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  ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:817624 Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Serial 2049  
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Author Reebs S.G. doi  openurl
  Title Can a minority of informed leaders determine the foraging movements of a fish shoal? Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 59 Issue 2 Pages 403-409  
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  Abstract There is no information on whether the daily foraging movements of fish shoals are the result of chance, the collective will of all shoalmates, or the leadership of a few individuals. This study tested the latter possibility. Shoals of 12 golden shiners, Notemigonus crysoleucas, were trained to expect food around midday in one of the brightly lit corners of their tank. They displayed daily food-anticipatory activity by leaving the shady area of their tank and spending more and more time in the food corner up to the normal time of feeding. Past this normal time they remained in the shade, even on test days when no food was delivered. Most of these experienced individuals were then replaced by naive ones. The resulting ratio of experienced:naive fish could be 5:7, 3:9 or 1:11. On their own, na?ve individuals would normally spend the whole day in the shade, but in all tests the experienced individual(s) were able to entrain these more numerous naive fish out of the shade and into the brightly lit food corner at the right time of day. Entrainment was stronger in the 5:7 than in the 1:11 experiment. The test shoals never split up and were always led by the same fish, presumably the experienced individuals. These results indicate that in a strongly gregarious species, such as the golden shiner, a minority of informed individuals can lead a shoal to food, either through social facilitation of foraging movements or by eliciting following behaviour. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour  
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  Call Number (up) Serial 2068  
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Author di Bitetti, M.S.; Janson, C.H. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Social foraging and the finder's share in capuchin monkeys, Cebus apella Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 62 Issue 1 Pages 47-56  
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  Abstract Group living can confer advantages to individuals, but it can also impose severe costs through resource competition. Kleptoparasitism is one example in which some individuals (joiners) can exploit the food discovered by other animals (finders). This type of social foraging has been modelled either as an information-sharing model or as a producer-scrounger game. An important variable in these models is the finder's advantage: the number of items obtained by the finder before the arrival of other individuals. In this study we describe how the spatial position and rank of individuals in a group of wild tufted capuchin monkeys affect their ability to discover and exploit new food sources. We also analyse the factors that affect the finder's share and the total amount of food obtained by the finder from a newly discovered resource. By placing platforms filled with bananas at novel locations in their home range, we show that animals in the leading edge of a foraging group have a higher probability of discovering new food sources than animals occupying other spatial positions. The alpha male and the alpha female, which tended to occupy central-forward positions, were able to monopolize newly discovered food sources and thus obtain a major share of them. The finder's share at the feeding platforms was smaller when there was more food on a platform, but increased with longer delays before the arrival of other individuals. The total amount of food obtained by the finder from the feeding platforms was larger when there was more food on the platform, when the finder was of higher social status, and when it took longer for other individuals to arrive. Animals can increase their finder's share and total amount consumed from a newly discovered resource by keeping large interindividual distances and by avoiding giving cues about the presence of food (such as food-associated vocalizations) to other animals.  
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  Call Number (up) Serial 2078  
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Author Di Bitetti, M.S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Evidence for an important social role of allogrooming in a platyrrhine primate Type Journal Article
  Year 1997 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.  
  Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 199-211  
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  Abstract Allogrooming behaviour was analysed in a wild group of tufted capuchin monkeys,Cebus apellain Iguazu National Park, Argentina. Evidence is provided that allogrooming in this platyrrhine species serves an important social function, as has been demonstrated for catarrhine primates. Using ad libitum sampling, 654 grooming sessions were recorded during 740 contact hours with one group. Seasonal variation was found in daily time allocation to allogrooming and the mean duration and reciprocity of sessions. Individual dominance rank was an important determinant of grooming relationships. The dominant male and female were the most actively involved in grooming. Among adults, dominant individuals were involved in more sessions than were subordinate individuals. The females maintained strong grooming relationships with each other and tended to reciprocate more within sessions than did males. Oestrous females engaged in more grooming bouts with adult males than did non-oestrous females. Females with newborn infants were attractive social partners for the remaining members of the group. A social function for allogrooming inCebusis indicated by the close relationship between allogrooming, the social system and coalition formation, and by the changes in quantity and direction of grooming in response to oestrous behaviour and to the birth of infants.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number (up) Serial 2079  
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