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Author (down) Waring Gh,
Title Primary socialization of foals (E. cab.) Type Journal Article
Year 1970 Publication Anim Beh Soc 21th Ann AIBS Meetings, Indiana Univ Bloomington, Indiana Abbreviated Journal
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 1695
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Author (down) Waring Gh,
Title Sounds of the horse (E. caballus) Type Journal Article
Year 1971 Publication Ecol Soc Amer, 22nd Ann Amm Inst Biol Sci Meetings Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins Abbreviated Journal
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 1696
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Author (down) Waring Gh,
Title Behavioral adaptation as a factor in management of feral equids Type Conference Volume
Year 1979 Publication Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 85-92
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 1697
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Author (down) WARING GH et al,
Title The behaviour of horses Type Book Chapter
Year Publication Abbreviated Journal In: Behaviour of domestic animals
Volume Issue Pages 330-369
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 1698
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Author (down) WARING G:
Title Sounds of the Horse. m/s, Type Journal Article
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no
Call Number Serial 1692
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Author (down) Warden CJ; Jackson TA
Title Imitative behaviour in the rhesus monkey Type Journal Article
Year 1935 Publication J. Genet. Psychol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 46 Issue Pages 103
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3048
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Author (down) Ward, M.P.; Ramsay, B.H.; Gallo, K.
Title Rural cases of equine West Nile virus encephalomyelitis and the normalized difference vegetation index Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis
Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 181-188
Keywords Animals; Biomass; Cluster Analysis; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary; Ecology; *Geographic Information Systems; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology; Horses; Indiana/epidemiology; Plants; Population Surveillance; Rural Health; Seasons; Topography, Medical/*methods; West Nile Fever/epidemiology/*veterinary
Abstract Data from an outbreak (August to October, 2002) of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalomyelitis in a population of horses located in northern Indiana was scanned for clusters in time and space. One significant (p = 0.04) cluster of case premises was detected, occurring between September 4 and 10 in the south-west part of the study area (85.70 degrees N, 45.50 degrees W). It included 10 case premises (3.67 case premises expected) within a radius of 2264 m. Image data were acquired by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) sensor onboard a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar-orbiting satellite. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated from visible and near-infrared data of daily observations, which were composited to produce a weekly-1km(2) resolution raster image product. During the epidemic, a significant (p < 0.01) decrease (0.025 per week) in estimated NDVI was observed at all case and control premise sites. The median estimated NDVI (0.659) for case premises within the cluster identified was significantly (p < 0.01) greater than the median estimated NDVI for other case (0.571) and control (0.596) premises during the same period. The difference in median estimated NDVI for case premises within this cluster, compared to cases not included in this cluster, was greatest (5.3% and 5.1%, respectively) at 1 and 5 weeks preceding occurrence of the cluster. The NDVI may be useful for identifying foci of WNV transmission.
Address Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. mward@cvm.tamu.edu
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ISSN 1530-3667 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:16011435 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2627
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Author (down) Ward, C.; Trisko, R.; Smuts, B.B.
Title Third-party interventions in dyadic play between littermates of domestic dogs, Canis lupus familiaris Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1153-1160
Keywords Canis lupus familiaris; domestic dog; littermates; play; social development; third-party interventions
Abstract Interventions occur when animals interfere in competitive interactions between two or more individuals. Interveners can alter the nature of the ongoing interaction by targeting one party (attacking, biting) and supporting the other. Three theories have been proposed to account for intervention behaviour: kin selection, reciprocity and direct benefits. The kin selection hypothesis predicts that interveners will selectively support relatives over nonrelatives; the reciprocity hypothesis predicts that when intervener [`]A' supports individual [`]B', later [`]B' will intervene and support [`]A'; and the direct benefits hypothesis predicts that target/support patterns should serve the immediate interests of the intervener. We tested the reciprocity and direct benefits hypotheses by exploring third-party interventions in play fighting among littermates of domestic dogs. Interveners in dyadic play did not preferentially target or support preferred playmates of the intervener. Interveners targeted the dog in the losing role at the time of the intervention, and they did not show reciprocity in support. Taken together, these last two findings suggest that littermates benefit directly and use interventions opportunistically to practise offence behaviours directed at littermates already behaving subordinately. Opportunities to practise targeting in a playful setting may help structure dominance relationships among littermates. Additionally, the tendency for puppies to do what the other is doing (target the dog in the losing role) may pave the way for synchronizing cooperative behaviours during group hunting and territorial defence. The types of behaviours used to intervene changed over development, but the outcome following an intervention remained stable.
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ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5090
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Author (down) Ward, C.; Smuts, B.B.
Title Quantity-based judgments in the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Animal Cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Cogn.
Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 71-80
Keywords Animals; *Choice Behavior; Dogs; Female; Food; Male; *Size Perception
Abstract We examined the ability of domestic dogs to choose the larger versus smaller quantity of food in two experiments. In experiment 1, we investigated the ability of 29 dogs (results from 18 dogs were used in the data analysis) to discriminate between two quantities of food presented in eight different combinations. Choices were simultaneously presented and visually available at the time of choice. Overall, subjects chose the larger quantity more often than the smaller quantity, but they found numerically close comparisons more difficult. In experiment 2, we tested two dogs from experiment 1 under three conditions. In condition 1, we used similar methods from experiment 1 and tested the dogs multiple times on the eight combinations from experiment 1 plus one additional combination. In conditions 2 and 3, the food was visually unavailable to the subjects at the time of choice, but in condition 2, food choices were viewed simultaneously before being made visually unavailable, and in condition 3, they were viewed successively. In these last two conditions, and especially in condition 3, the dogs had to keep track of quantities mentally in order to choose optimally. Subjects still chose the larger quantity more often than the smaller quantity when the food was not simultaneously visible at the time of choice. Olfactory cues and inadvertent cuing by the experimenter were excluded as mechanisms for choosing larger quantities. The results suggest that, like apes tested on similar tasks, some dogs can form internal representations and make mental comparisons of quantity.
Address Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 1012 East Hall, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1043, USA. rameses@unich.edu
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ISSN 1435-9448 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:16941158 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2440
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Author (down) Ward, A; Webster, M.
Title Sociality: The Behaviour of Group-Living Animals Type Book Whole
Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Abstract Covers the aspects of social behaviour of animals in comprehensive form Provides a clear overview to up-to-date empirical and theoretical research on social animal behaviour

Discusses collective animal behaviour, social networks and animal personality in detail

The last decade has seen a surge of interest among biologists in a range of social animal phenomena, including collective behaviour and social networks. In ‘Animal Social Behaviour’, authors Ashley Ward and Michael Webster integrate the most up-to-date empirical and theoretical research to provide a new synthesis of the field, which is aimed at fellow researchers and postgraduate students on the topic. &#8203;
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6156
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