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Author | Schwarz, S.; Marr, I.; Farmer, K.; Graf, K.; Stefanski, V.; Krueger, K. | ||||
Title | Does Carrying a Rider Change Motor and Sensory Laterality in Horses? | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2022 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
Volume | 12 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 992 |
Keywords | laterality; horse; rider; sensory laterality; motor laterality; novel object; side preference | ||||
Abstract | Laterality in horses has been studied in recent decades. Although most horses are kept for riding purposes, there has been almost no research on how laterality may be affected by carrying a rider. In this study, 23 horses were tested for lateral preferences, both with and without a rider, in three different experiments. The rider gave minimal aids and rode on a long rein to allow the horse free choice. Firstly, motor laterality was assessed by observing forelimb preference when stepping over a pole. Secondly, sensory laterality was assessed by observing perceptual side preferences when the horse was confronted with (a) an unfamiliar person or (b) a novel object. After applying a generalised linear model, this preliminary study found that a rider increased the strength of motor laterality (p = 0.01) but did not affect sensory laterality (p = 0.8). This suggests that carrying a rider who is as passive as possible does not have an adverse effect on a horse�s stress levels and mental state. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6667 | ||
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Author | Schwarzenberger, F.; Mostl, E.; Palme, R.; Bamberg, E. | ||||
Title | Faecal steroid analysis for non-invasive monitoring of reproductive status in farm, wild and zoo animals | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 1996 | Publication | Animal Reproduction Science | Abbreviated Journal | Animal Reproduction: Research and Practice |
Volume | 42 | Issue | 1-4 | Pages | 515-526 |
Keywords | Faecal steroids; Non-invasive monitoring; Oestrogens; Progesterone metabolites; Reproductive hormones | ||||
Abstract | Non-invasive faecal oestrogen and progesterone metabolite evaluations are well established approaches for monitoring reproductive function in a variety of mammalian species. The route of excretion of steroid hormone metabolites varies considerably among species, and also between steroids within the same species. Steroid concentrations in faeces exhibit a similar pattern to those in plasma, but have a lag time, which depending upon the species, can be from 12 h to more than 2 days. Faecal steroid metabolites in mammals are mainly unconjugated compounds. Faecal oestrogens consist predominantly of oestrone and/or oestradiol-17α or -17β. Therefore, specific oestrogen antibodies or antibodies against total oestrogens can be used for their determination. Progesterone is metabolised to several 5α- or 5β-reduced pregnanediones and hydroxylated pregnanes prior to its faecal excretion. Therefore, relevant antibodies for their determination show considerable cross-reactivities with several pregnane metabolites, whereas specific progesterone antibodies are less suitable. Faecal oestrogen evaluations have been used as reliable indicators of pregnancy in several ungulate and some primate species. They have also been used to determine the preovulatory period in carnivores, corpus luteum activity in New World primates, and to diagnose cryptorchidism in horses. Faecal progesterone metabolite analysis has been successfully used for monitoring corpus luteum function and pregnancy, abortion, seasonality and treatment therapies in an ever expanding list of species. | ||||
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Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 327 | ||
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Author | Sighieri, C.; Tedeschi, D.; De Andreis, C.; Petri, L.; Baragli, P. | ||||
Title | Behaviour Patterns of Horses Can be Used to Establish a Dominant-Subordinate Relationship Between Man and Horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2003 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Animal Welfare | |
Volume | 12 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 705-708 |
Keywords | animal welfare; behaviour patterns; dominance; unhandled horse | ||||
Abstract | This paper describes how man can enter the social hierarchy of the horse by mimicking the behaviour and stance it uses to establish dominance. A herd is organised according to a dominance hierarchy established by means of ritualised conflict. Dominance relationships are formed through these confrontations: one horse gains the dominant role and others identify themselves as subordinates. This study was conducted using five females of the Haflinger breed, totally unaccustomed to human contact, from a free-range breeding farm. The study methods were based on the three elements fundamental to the equilibrium of the herd: flight, herd instinct and hierarchy. The trainer-horse relationship was established in three phases: retreat, approach and association. At the end of the training sessions, all of the horses were able to respond correctly to the trainer. These observations suggest that it is possible to manage unhandled horses without coercion by mimicking their behaviour patterns. | ||||
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Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | 2023/01/11 | ||
ISSN | 0962-7286 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6713 | ||
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Author | Sigurjónsdóttir, H.; Haraldsson, H. | ||||
Title | Significance of Group Composition for the Welfare of Pastured Horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
Volume | 9 | Issue | 14 | Pages | |
Keywords | horse welfare; aggression; allogrooming; pastured horses; Icelandic horse | ||||
Abstract | We explore how herd composition and management factors correlate with frequencies of social interactions in horse groups. Since the welfare of horses correlates with low aggression levels and social contact opportunities, information of this kind is important. The data are a collection of records of social interactions of 426 Icelandic horses in 20 groups of at least eight horses. The complexities and limitations of the data prohibit useful statistical modelling so the results are presented descriptively. Interesting and informative patterns emerge which can be of use both in management and in future studies. Of special interest are the low levels of agonistic behaviours in breeding groups where one stallion was present. The horses were less agonistic when in groups with young foals and where group membership was stable. Unfamiliar yearlings in peer groups were especially aggressive. Allogrooming was most frequent in groups with relatively more young horses and in unstable and small groups. Interestingly, the horses allogroomed more if they had few preferred allogrooming partners. The findings show that composition (age/sex) and stability of groups are of great importance with respect to aggression levels and opportunities for establishing bonds. | ||||
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Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | Animals | ||
Series Volume | 9 | Series Issue | 1 | Edition | |
ISSN | 2076-2615 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6510 | ||
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Author | Sigurjónsdóttir, H.; Haraldsson, H. | ||||
Title | Significance of Group Composition for the Welfare of Pastured Horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2018 | Publication | Animals | Abbreviated Journal | Animals |
Volume | 9 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 14 |
Keywords | horse welfare; aggression; allogrooming; pastured horses; Icelandic horse | ||||
Abstract | Simple Summary Because of their social nature, horses need to have plenty of opportunities to interact with others to establish bonds and learn from their elders. Comparison of social behaviour of 426 horses in 20 groups of Icelandic horses in pastures, showed that aggression was lowest where the group composition was like the natural system, i.e., with a stallion, mares and their young foals. In groups without a stallion, the presence of foals is also associated with low aggression. Stability of the group with respect to group composition is of great importance; the horses are less aggressive in the more stable groups. The highest aggression was found in groups of unfamiliar yearlings. The horses allogroomed more in groups with relatively more young horses, which suggests they are forming bonds. Later, they groom less but prefer certain individuals. Horse owners should all be aware of the importance of planning the composition of horse groups and to keep the membership as stable as possible in order to ensure good welfare. Abstract We explore how herd composition and management factors correlate with frequencies of social interactions in horse groups. Since the welfare of horses correlates with low aggression levels and social contact opportunities, information of this kind is important. The data are a collection of records of social interactions of 426 Icelandic horses in 20 groups of at least eight horses. The complexities and limitations of the data prohibit useful statistical modelling so the results are presented descriptively. Interesting and informative patterns emerge which can be of use both in management and in future studies. Of special interest are the low levels of agonistic behaviours in breeding groups where one stallion was present. The horses were less agonistic when in groups with young foals and where group membership was stable. Unfamiliar yearlings in peer groups were especially aggressive. Allogrooming was most frequent in groups with relatively more young horses and in unstable and small groups. Interestingly, the horses allogroomed more if they had few preferred allogrooming partners. The findings show that composition (age/sex) and stability of groups are of great importance with respect to aggression levels and opportunities for establishing bonds. |
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6585 | ||
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Author | Steinhoff-Wagner, J. | ||||
Title | Coat Clipping of Horses: A Survey | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2019 | Publication | Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science | Abbreviated Journal | Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science |
Volume | 22 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 171-187 |
Keywords | Equine, thermoregulation, shaving, winter pelage removal | ||||
Abstract | Coat clipping is a common practice in sport horses; however, timing, purpose, technique, and clips vary widely, as do the management and feeding of a clipped horse. The aim of this study was to collect data regarding common clipping practices. A questionnaire was published online in Germany and contained 32 questions. Four hundred ninety-eight people answered at least one question, and 373 individuals (7% male, 93% female; ages 14–59 years) completed all the questions. Clipped horses were predominantly used as sport horses (68%), and they were either clipped immediately before or during the winter season (88%) or year-round (7%). The clipping date was scheduled according to hair length (52%), sweat amount (47%), and drying time (47%). Participants primarily used two clips: the hunter clip and the blanket clip, both without clipping the head (23% each). The majority of the clipped horses wore a blanket day and night (> 90%). Future studies with observations in the field are needed to support survey data in an effort to develop welfare recommendations for clipping practices utilized with horses. | ||||
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Publisher | Routledge | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | 1088-8705 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | doi: 10.1080/10888705.2018.1454319 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6613 | ||
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Author | Tembrock G, | ||||
Title | Land mammals | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | 1968 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | In: Sebeok,T.A.; Animal Communication. London. | |
Volume | Issue | Pages | 338-404 | ||
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Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 1643 | |||
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Author | Valenchon, M.; Lévy, F.; Górecka-Bruzda, A.; Calandreau, L.; Lansade, L. | ||||
Title | Characterization of long-term memory, resistance to extinction, and influence of temperament during two instrumental tasks in horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Animal Cognition | |
Volume | 16 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1001-1006 |
Keywords | Personality; Learning; Individuality; Fearfulness; Equid; Cognitive flexibility | ||||
Abstract | The present study investigated the influence of temperament on long-term recall and extinction of 2 instrumental tasks in 26 horses. In the first task (backward task), horses learned to walk backward, using commands given by an experimenter, in order to obtain a food reward. In the second task (active avoidance task), horses had to cross an obstacle after a bell rang in order to avoid emission of an air puff. Twenty-two months after acquisition, horses exhibited perfect recall performance in both tasks. Accordingly, no influence of temperament on recall performance could be observed for either task. In contrast, in the absence of positive or negative outcomes, the horses’ ability to extinguish their response to either task was highly variable. Resistance to extinction was related to some indicators of temperament: The most fearful horses tended to be the most resistant to extinction in the backward task, while the least sensitive horses tended to be the most resistant to extinction in the active avoidance task. These findings reveal extensive long-term memory abilities in horses and suggest an influence of temperament on learning processes other than acquisition. | ||||
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Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5735 | ||
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Author | van Breda, E. | ||||
Title | A non-natural head-neck position (rollkur) during training results in less acute stress in elite trained dressage horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2006 | Publication | Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science | Abbreviated Journal | Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science |
Volume | 9 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 59-64 |
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Abstract | This study measured parameters of stress in recreational, trained horses (REC; n = 7) and elite (International Grand Prix level) trained, dressage horses (DRES; n = 5). The training of the DRES horses uses an unnatural head?neck position (Rollkur), whereas in the REC horses such training techniques are not common. The study measured stress by using heart rate variability analysis for 30 min postfeeding in the morning and 30 min postexercise after a morning training session. The study found no significant difference at rest between the REC and DRES horses. During the posttraining measurements, however, the DRES horses showed, among others, a less sympathetic and increased parasympathetic dominance. These results suggest that DRES horses tend to have less acute stress than do REC horses postexercise. The findings of this study suggest maintaining the health and well-being of DRES horses despite nonnatural, biomechanical positions. | ||||
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Publisher | Routledge | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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ISSN | 1088-8705 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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Notes | doi: 10.1207/s15327604jaws0901_5 | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5639 | ||
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Author | WARING GH et al, | ||||
Title | The behaviour of horses | Type | Book Chapter | ||
Year | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | In: Behaviour of domestic animals | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 330-369 | ||
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Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Serial | 1698 | |||
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