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Author (down) Toro, J.M.; Trobalon, J.B.; Sebastian-Galles, N.
Title The use of prosodic cues in language discrimination tasks by rats Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Animal Cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Cogn.
Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 131-136
Keywords *Animal Communication; Animals; *Discrimination Learning; Female; *Language; Male; Periodicity; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Speech Perception
Abstract Recent research with cotton-top tamarin monkeys has revealed language discrimination abilities similar to those found in human infants, demonstrating that these perceptual abilities are not unique to humans but are also present in non-human primates. Specifically, tamarins could discriminate forward but not backward sentences of Dutch from Japanese, using both natural and synthesized utterances. The present study was designed as a conceptual replication of the work on tamarins. Results show that rats trained in a discrimination learning task readily discriminate forward, but not backward sentences of Dutch from Japanese; the results are particularly robust for synthetic utterances, a pattern that shows greater parallels with newborns than with tamarins. Our results extend the claims made in the research with tamarins that the capacity to discriminate languages from different rhythmic classes depends on general perceptual abilities that evolved at least as far back as the rodents.
Address SPPB, Departament de Psicologia Basica, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. jmtoro@psi.ub.es
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1435-9448 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:12728358 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2571
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Author (down) Thoren Hellsten, E.; Viklund, A.; Koenen, E.P.C.; Ricard, A.; Bruns, E.; Philipsson, J.
Title Review of genetic parameters estimated at stallion and young horse performance tests and their correlations with later results in dressage and show-jumping competition Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Livestock Science Abbreviated Journal
Volume 103 Issue 1-2 Pages 1-12
Keywords Genetic parameters; Sport horse; Performance test; Competition; Dressage; Show-jumping
Abstract Results from performance tests and competitions of young horses are used by major European warmblood horse breeding associations for genetic evaluations. The aim of this review was to compare genetic parameters for various tests of young horses to assess their efficiency in selection for dressage and show-jumping. Improved understanding of genetic information across countries is also necessary, as foreign trade with semen is rapidly increasing. The review is based on inquiries to European breed associations and on (17) scientific publications available, which have analysed genetic parameters of young horse data and/or relationships between young and mature horse results in sport. Despite differences in testing methods of young horses, results for major horse populations were in good agreement. Specially designed young horse performance tests, including stallion tests, showed high heritabilities and high genetic correlations with later competition results. We recommend that test results are encouraged to be used across countries for genetic evaluation of imported stallions and semen. Short station tests are generally preferred when selecting stallions for both dressage and jumping traits, whereas competition data may be used when selecting for only one discipline. We also recommend that extensive field testing of young horses is encouraged and should include both genders.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 3951
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Author (down) Thomas, K.E.; Annest, J.L.; Gilchrist, J.; Bixby-Hammett, D.M.
Title Non-fatal horse related injuries treated in emergency departments in the United States, 2001-2003 Type
Year 2006 Publication British Journal of Sports Medicine Abbreviated Journal Br J Sports Med
Volume 40 Issue 7 Pages 619-626
Keywords Accident Prevention/methods; Accidental Falls/prevention & control; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Athletic Injuries/*epidemiology/prevention & control; Child; Child, Preschool; Emergency Service, Hospital/*statistics & numerical data; Female; Head Protective Devices/utilization; Health Promotion; *Horses; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Education; Sex Distribution; United States/epidemiology
Abstract OBJECTIVE: To characterise and provide nationally representative estimates of persons with non-fatal horse related injuries treated in American emergency departments. METHODS: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) is a stratified probability sample comprising 66 hospitals. Data on injuries treated in these emergency departments are collected and reported. NEISS-AIP data on all types (horseback riding and otherwise) of non-fatal horse related injuries from 2001 to 2003 were analysed. RESULTS: An estimated 102,904 persons with non-fatal horse related injuries (35.7 per 100,000 population) were treated in American emergency departments each year from 2001 to 2003 inclusive. Non-fatal injury rates were higher for females (41.5 per 100,000) than for males (29.8 per 100,000). Most patients were injured while mounted on a horse (66.1%), commonly from falling or being thrown by the horse; while not mounted, injuries most often resulted from being kicked by the horse. The body parts most often injured were the head/neck region (23.2%), lower extremity (22.2%), and upper extremity (21.5%). The most common principal diagnoses were contusions/abrasions (31.4%) and fractures (25.2%). For each year that was studied, an estimated 11 502 people sustained traumatic brain injuries from horse related incidents. Overall, more than 11% of those injured were admitted to hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Horse related injuries are a public health concern not just for riders but for anyone in close contact with horses. Prevention programmes should target horseback riders and horse caregivers to promote helmet use and educate participants about horse behaviour, proper handling of horses, and safe riding practices.
Address Office of Statistics and Programming, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA. KEThomas@cdc.gov
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1473-0480 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:16611723 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1866
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Author (down) Thiel, D.; Jenni-Eiermann, S.; Palme, R.
Title Measuring corticosterone metabolites in droppings of capercaillies (Tetrao urogallus) Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Abbreviated Journal Ann N Y Acad Sci
Volume 1046 Issue Pages 96-108
Keywords Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/administration & dosage/analysis/metabolism; Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Corticosterone/administration & dosage/*analysis/*metabolism; Feces/*chemistry; Female; Freezing; Galliformes/*metabolism; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Sex Factors; Temperature; Time Factors; Tritium/diagnostic use
Abstract The capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), the largest grouse species in the world, is decreasing in numbers in major parts of its distribution range. Disturbances by human outdoor activities are discussed as a possible reason for this population decline. An indicator for disturbances is the increase of the glucocorticoid corticosterone, a stress hormone, which helps to cope with life-threatening situations. However, repeated disturbances might result in a long-term increase of the basal corticosterone concentration, which can result in detrimental effects like reduced fitness and survival of an animal. To measure corticosterone metabolites (CMs) noninvasively in the droppings of free-living capercaillies, first an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) in captive birds had to be selected and validated. Therefore, the excretion pattern of intravenously injected radiolabeled corticosterone was determined and 3H metabolites were characterized. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separations of the samples containing peak concentrations revealed that corticosterone was extensively metabolized. The HPLC fractions were tested in several EIAs for glucocorticoid metabolites. The physiological relevance of this method was proved after pharmacological stimulation of the adrenocortical activity. Only the recently established cortisone assay, measuring CMs with a 3,11-dione structure, detected an expressed increase of concentrations following ACTH stimulation. To set up a sampling protocol suited for the field, we examined the influence of various storage conditions and time of day on concentrations of CMs.
Address Swiss Ornithological Institute, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland. dominik.thiel@vogelwarte.ch
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0077-8923 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:16055846 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4079
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Author (down) Taillon, J.; Cote, S.D.
Title Social rank and winter forage quality affect aggressiveness in white-tailed deer fawns Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 74 Issue 2 Pages 265-275
Keywords aggressiveness; agonistic behaviour; body mass loss; dominance status; forage intake; Odocoileus virginianus; resource competition; social behaviour; white-tailed deer; winter forage quality
Abstract Achieving a high social rank may be advantageous for individuals at high population densities, because dominance status may determine the priority of access to limited resources and reduce individual loss of body mass. The establishment of dominance relationships between individuals involves variable levels of aggressiveness that can be influenced by resource availability. The relationship between social rank and aggressiveness and the impacts of resource abundance on aggressiveness are, however, poorly understood, but may be relevant to understand the mechanisms determining dominance relationships between individuals. We experimentally simulated, in seminatural enclosures, a deterioration of winter forage quality induced by a high-density deer population and examined the effects of (1) social dominance and (2) diet quality on aggressiveness, forage intake and body mass loss of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, fawns during two winters. Within diet-quality treatments, fawns were consistently organized into linear hierarchies and showed clear dominance relationships. Dominants initiated more interactions and showed higher aggressiveness than subordinates, but subordinates had higher forage intake than dominants throughout winter. Social rank did not influence cumulative body mass loss of fawns. During both winters, fawns fed the control diet maintained their aggressiveness level, whereas fawns fed the poor-quality diet decreased it. Our experimental approach revealed that white-tailed deer responded to a reduction in winter forage quality by modifying their aggressiveness, indicating that ungulates may show plasticity not only in their foraging behaviour in response to decreased resources but also in their social behaviour.
Address
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4203
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Author (down) Steinhoff-Wagner, J.
Title Coat Clipping of Horses: A Survey Type Journal Article
Year 2019 Publication Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science Abbreviated Journal Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science
Volume 22 Issue 2 Pages 171-187
Keywords Equine, thermoregulation, shaving, winter pelage removal
Abstract Coat clipping is a common practice in sport horses; however, timing, purpose, technique, and clips vary widely, as do the management and feeding of a clipped horse. The aim of this study was to collect data regarding common clipping practices. A questionnaire was published online in Germany and contained 32 questions. Four hundred ninety-eight people answered at least one question, and 373 individuals (7% male, 93% female; ages 14–59 years) completed all the questions. Clipped horses were predominantly used as sport horses (68%), and they were either clipped immediately before or during the winter season (88%) or year-round (7%). The clipping date was scheduled according to hair length (52%), sweat amount (47%), and drying time (47%). Participants primarily used two clips: the hunter clip and the blanket clip, both without clipping the head (23% each). The majority of the clipped horses wore a blanket day and night (> 90%). Future studies with observations in the field are needed to support survey data in an effort to develop welfare recommendations for clipping practices utilized with horses.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Routledge Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1088-8705 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes doi: 10.1080/10888705.2018.1454319 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6613
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Author (down) Sone, K.
Title [Apropos of 5 cases of so-called “delusions of cutaneous and intestinal infestation”--psychopathologic and neuropsychological considerations] Type Journal Article
Year 1983 Publication Folia Psychiatrica et Neurologica Japonica Abbreviated Journal Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn
Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 37-55
Keywords Adult; Aged; Agnosia/complications; Attitude to Health; Delusions/complications/etiology/*psychology; Female; Humans; Intestines; Male; Middle Aged; Personality; Psychotherapy; *Sensation; Skin
Abstract Five cases with so-called “Dermato- und Enterozoenwahn” are reported, and the following themes are analysed from the “multidimensional” point of view: 1) process to build the shape of the intruder which is bothering the patients, 2) behavior against the intruding small animal and attitude towards the therapeutist; their characteristic manner to make complaints, 3) premorbid personality and 4) physical findings. In regard to one of the formation types of this disease, we have postulated through the neuropsychological analysis of case 5 (somatoparaphrenic patient) that patients of the typical cases 1, 2 and 3 suffer from a special kind of agnosia (perturbation of recognition; disturbance of aperception) in which they take their abnormal body sensations for causing by the small imaginary animals. Our cases showed the importance of a premorbid personality and present life-situations in combination with physical dissolution taking part in the pathoplastic process of this particular disease.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language German Summary Language Original Title Uber funf Falle von sogenanntem “Dermato- und Enterozoenwahn”--psychopathologische und neuropsychologische Betrachtungen
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0015-5721 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:6884912 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4187
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Author (down) Skedros, J.G.; Dayton, M.R.; Sybrowsky, C.L.; Bloebaum, R.D.; Bachus, K.N.
Title The influence of collagen fiber orientation and other histocompositional characteristics on the mechanical properties of equine cortical bone Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication The Journal of Experimental Biology Abbreviated Journal J Exp Biol
Volume 209 Issue Pt 15 Pages 3025-3042
Keywords Animals; Biomechanics; Bone and Bones/*physiology; Collagen/*physiology; Forelimb; Horses/*physiology
Abstract This study examined relative influences of predominant collagen fiber orientation (CFO), mineralization (% ash), and other microstructural characteristics on the mechanical properties of equine cortical bone. Using strain-mode-specific (S-M-S) testing (compression testing of bone habitually loaded in compression; tension testing of bone habitually loaded in tension), the relative mechanical importance of CFO and other material characteristics were examined in equine third metacarpals (MC3s). This model was chosen since it had a consistent non-uniform strain distribution estimated by finite element analysis (FEA) near mid-diaphysis of a thoroughbred horse, net tension in the dorsal/lateral cortices and net compression in the palmar/medial cortices. Bone specimens from regions habitually loaded in tension or compression were: (1) tested to failure in both axial compression and tension in order to contrast S-M-S vs non-S-M-S behavior, and (2) analyzed for CFO, % ash, porosity, fractional area of secondary osteonal bone, osteon cross-sectional area, and population densities of secondary osteons and osteocyte lacunae. Multivariate multiple regression analyses revealed that in S-M-S compression testing, CFO most strongly influenced total energy (pre-yield elastic energy plus post-yield plastic energy); in S-M-S tension testing CFO most strongly influenced post-yield energy and total energy. CFO was less important in explaining S-M-S elastic modulus, and yield and ultimate stress. Therefore, in S-M-S loading CFO appears to be important in influencing energy absorption, whereas the other characteristics have a more dominant influence in elastic modulus, pre-yield behavior and strength. These data generally support the hypothesis that differentially affecting S-M-S energy absorption may be an important consequence of regional histocompositional heterogeneity in the equine MC3. Data inconsistent with the hypothesis, including the lack of highly longitudinal collagen in the dorsal-lateral ;tension' region, paradoxical histologic organization in some locations, and lack of significantly improved S-M-S properties in some locations, might reflect the absence of a similar habitual strain distribution in all bones. An alternative strain distribution based on in vivo strain measurements, without FEA, on non-Thoroughbreds showing net compression along the dorsal-palmar axis might be more characteristic of the habitual loading of some of the bones that we examined. In turn, some inconsistencies might also reflect the complex torsion/bending loading regime that the MC3 sustains when the animal undergoes a variety of gaits and activities, which may be representative of only a portion of our animals, again reflecting the possibility that not all of the bones examined had similar habitual loading histories.
Address Utah Bone and Joint Center, 5323 S. Woodrow Street #202, Salt Lake City, UT 84107, USA. jskedros@utahboneandjoint.com
Corporate Author Thesis
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0022-0949 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:16857886 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1868
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Author (down) Sinclair, M.; Buhrmann, G.; Gummow, B.
Title An epidemiological investigation of the African horsesickness outbreak in the Western Cape Province of South Africa in 2004 and its relevance to the current equine export protocol Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Journal of the South African Veterinary Association Abbreviated Journal J S Afr Vet Assoc
Volume 77 Issue 4 Pages 191-196
Keywords African Horse Sickness/diagnosis/*epidemiology; African horse sickness virus/*isolation & purification; Animals; Ceratopogonidae/virology; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary; Female; Horses; Insect Vectors/virology; Male; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Sentinel Surveillance; South Africa/epidemiology; Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
Abstract African Horsesickness (AHS) is a controlled disease in South Africa. The country is divided into an infected area and a control area. An outbreak of AHS in the control area can result in a ban of exports for at least 2 years. A retrospective epidemiological study was carried out on data collected during the 2004 AHS outbreak in the surveillance zone of the AHS control area in the Western Cape Province. The objective of this study was to describe the 2004 outbreak and compare it with the 1999 AHS outbreak in the same area. As part of the investigation, a questionnaire survey was conducted in the 30 km radius surrounding the index case. Spatial, temporal and population patterns for the outbreak are described. The investigation found that the outbreak occurred before any significant rainfall and that the main AHS vector (Culicoides imicola) was present in abundance during the outbreak. Furthermore, 63% of cases occurred at temperatures < or = 15 degrees C, the Eerste River Valley was a high risk area, only 17% of owners used vector protection as a control measure and 70% of horses in the outbreak area were protected by means of vaccination at the start of the outbreak. The study revealed that the current AHS control measures do not function optimally because of the high percentage of vaccinated horses in the surveillance zone, which results in insufficient sentinel animals and the consequent failure of the early warning system. Alternative options for control that allow continued export are discussed in the paper.
Address State Veterinarian Epidemiology, Elsenburg, South Africa. marnas@elsenburg.com
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1019-9128 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:17458343 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2354
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Author (down) Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L.; Bergman, T.J.
Title Primate social cognition and the origins of language Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Trends in Cognitive Sciences Abbreviated Journal Trends. Cognit. Sci.
Volume 9 Issue 6 Pages 264-266
Keywords Animals; *Cognition; Humans; *Language; Papio; Psychological Theory; Social Behavior; *Social Perception
Abstract Are the cognitive mechanisms underlying language unique, or can similar mechanisms be found in other domains? Recent field experiments demonstrate that baboons' knowledge of their companions' social relationships is based on discrete-valued traits (identity, rank, kinship) that are combined to create a representation of social relations that is hierarchically structured, open-ended, rule-governed, and independent of sensory modality. The mechanisms underlying language might have evolved from the social knowledge of our pre-linguistic primate ancestors.
Address Departments of Biology and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. seyfarth@psych.upenn.edu
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1364-6613 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:15925802 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 343
Permanent link to this record