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	Author	Shettleworth, S.J.; Krebs, J.R.
	Title	How marsh tits find their hoards: the roles of site preference and spatial memory			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication	Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process
	Volume	8	Issue	4	Pages	354-375
	Keywords	Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Birds; Cues; Discrimination Learning; Memory; Mental Recall; Orientation; *Space Perception
	Abstract	Marsh tits (Parus palustris) store single food items in scattered locations and recover them hours or days later. Some properties of the spatial memory involved were analyzed in two laboratory experiments. In the first, marsh tits were offered 97 sites for storing 12 seeds. They recovered a median of 65% of them 2-3 hr later, making only two errors per seed while doing so. Over trials, they used some sites more often than others, but during recovery they were more likely to visit a site of any preference value if they had stored a seed there that day than if they had not. Recovery performance was much worse if the experimenters moved the seeds between storage and recovery. A fixed search strategy that had some of the same average properties as the tits' search behavior also did worse than the real birds. In Experiment 2, any tendency to visit the same sites on successive daily tests in the aviary was placed in opposition to memory for storage sites by allowing the tits to store more seeds 2 hr after storing a first batch. They tended to avoid individual storage sites holding seeds from the first batch. When the tits searched for all the seeds 2 hr later, they tended to recover more seeds from the second batch than from the first, i.e., there was a recency effect.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0097-7403	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:7175447			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	385
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	Author	Schönfelder, W.D.
	Title	“Wertschätzung” – Voraussetzung für erzieherisches Verhalten im Voltigier- und Reitunterricht			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	1982	Publication	Sportlehre für Reiten.Fahren. Voltigieren	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	51-60
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	FN-Verlag	Place of Publication	Warendorf	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	3885420155	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4450
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	Author	Schäfer M,
	Title	Beobachtungen zum Paarungsverhalten des Hausesels			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication		Abbreviated Journal	Säugetierk Mitt
	Volume	30	Issue		Pages	13-25
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1561
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	Author	Sato, S.
	Title	Leadership during actual grazing in a small herd of cattle			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication	Applied Animal Ethology	Abbreviated Journal	Appl. Animal. Ethol.
	Volume	8	Issue	1-2	Pages	53-65
	Keywords
	Abstract	An understanding of patterns of leadership during grazing movements is important where the management of grazing cattle is concerned. This paper describes the leadership displayed by grazing cattle by recording the spatial relationship (grazing style) among herd members as the group progressed slowly through a field. Grazing style was divided into “A”, “B” and “C”, meaning following, independence and leading, respectively. The results revealed the following features: (1) the frequency distributions of grazing style and grazing formation used by the herd varied with the seasons; (2) the individual animal variation in grazing style did not fundamentally change with the seasons; (3) there was negative linear correlation between Styles A and C and between Styles A and B. The more any cow followed the grazing movement, the less likely it was to lead the grazing movement or to be independent. Styles C and B tended to be positively related; (4) high, medium and low ranking animals in social dominance showed tendencies to behave in Styles C, A and B, respectively; (5) grazing style and weight gain were not clearly related; (6) the cows that tended to lead, be independent or follow less, tended to get out of their paddocks. The observations suggested (1) that the leader-follower-independent relationship, although modified in each season, did not vary fundamentally, (2) that the active movement of high ranking animals and the independent movement of low ranking animals governed the voluntary formation in grazing, and (3) that as grazing cattle that behaved in a single group and did not escape from their paddock were much easier to manage, the grazing style that expressed these characteristics was one of the significant indices for management of grazing cattle.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2038
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	Author	Salter, R. E.; Hudson, R. J.
	Title	Social organization of feral horses in western Canada			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication		Abbreviated Journal	App. Anim. Ethol.
	Volume	8	Issue		Pages	207-223
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1553
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	Author	Ryder, O. A.; Wedemeyer, E. A.
	Title	A cooperative breeding programme for the mongolian wild horse Equus Przewalski in the United States			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication		Abbreviated Journal	Biol. Cons.
	Volume	22	Issue		Pages	259-271
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1540
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	Author	Rubenstein D. I.,
	Title	Reproductive value and behavioral strategies: coming of age in monkeys and horses			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication	Perspectives in Ethology	Abbreviated Journal	Perspect Ethol
	Volume	5	Issue		Pages	469-487
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	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1525
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	Author	Rescorla, R.A.; Holland, P.C.
	Title	Behavioral Studies of Associative Learning in Animals			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication	Annual Review of Psychology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	33	Issue	1	Pages	265-308
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	3540
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	Author	Powell, A.J.; Wolff, P.R.
	Title	Sex differences in mouse urination patterns			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication	Animal Behaviour.	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Behav.
	Volume	30	Issue	4	Pages	1207-1211
	Keywords
	Abstract	When tested in circular open fields male and female mice (Mus musculus) produced strongly centrifugal urination patterns, which showed a clear `edge-dependency' in all the field sizes used. However, striking sex differences in the pattern of deposition were shown in terms of both the number and distribution of the urine spots. Male mice produce large numbers of spots which are regularly dispersed, while females produce relatively fewer spots with a more clumped distribution. It is suggested that a hitherto unsuspected level of intersexual communication may explain these differences.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	2145
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	Author	Poglayen- Neuwall I,
	Title	Einbürgerung exotischer Huftiere in New Mexico 1950 – 1979			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1982	Publication	Zoologische Garten	Abbreviated Journal	Zool. Garten.
	Volume	52	Issue		Pages	195-232
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1481
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