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Author (up) König, H.E.; Wissdorf, H.; Probst, A.; Macher, R.; Voß, S.; Polsterer, E.
Title Considerations about the function of the mimic muscles and the vomeronasal organ of horses during the Flehmen reaction Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Pferdeheilkunde Abbreviated Journal
Volume 21 Issue 4 Pages 297-300
Keywords Anatomy; Behaviour; Flehmen reaction; Horse; Vomeronasal organ
Abstract Additional to the olfactory epithelium, the equine vomeronasal organ serves to the perception of odorous substances and specially for pheromones. In a middle-size horse this organ has an extension in length from an imaginary transverse plane about 10 cm caudally the nostrils to a transverse plane through the middle of the second premolar tooth. During the Flehmen reaction the levator labii superior, nasolabial, caninus and lateralis nasi muscles contract. The upper lip and the tip of the nose are lifted. The opening of the nostrils is narrowed, caused by the convergence of the plate and horn of the alar cartilage. In this manner in case of Flehmen reaction air is directly conducted towards the opening of the vomeronasal organ into the nasal cavity during inspiration. During the “Flehmen” horses assume a characteristic posture.
Address Department für Pathobiologie (Institut für Anatomie), Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria
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Notes Export Date: 21 October 2008; Source: Scopus Approved yes
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4554
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Author (up) Lagos, L.
Title Ecología del lobo (Canis lupus), del poni salvaje (Equus ferus atlanticus) y del ganado vacuno semiextensivo (Bos taurus) en Galicia: interacciones depredador-presa. Type Manuscript
Year 2013 Publication Phd thesis Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 458
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Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Place of Publication Santiago de Compostela Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6678
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Author (up) Lagos, L.; Bárcena, F.
Title How to reduce wolf predation on wild ponies in Galicia? Type Journal Article
Year 2022 Publication Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPNews
Volume 24 Issue Pages 24-31
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6680
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Author (up) Lagos, L.; Blanco, P.
Title Testing the use of dogs to prevent wolf attackson free ranging ponies in Iberia? Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPnews
Volume 23 Issue Pages 20-27
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6679
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Author (up) Laland K.N.
Title Social learning strategies Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Learning & Behavior Abbreviated Journal Learn. Behav.
Volume 32 Issue Pages 4-14
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Abstract In most studies of social learning in animals, no attempt has been made to examine the nature of the strategy adopted by animals when they copy others. Researchers have expended considerable effort in exploring the psychological processes that underlie social learning and amassed extensive data banks recording purported social learning in the field, but the contexts under which animals copy others remain unexplored. Yet, theoretical models used to investigate the adaptive advantages of social learning lead to the conclusion that social learning cannot be indiscriminate and that individuals should adopt strategies that dictate the circumstances under which they copy others and from whom they learn. In this article, I discuss a number of possible strategies that are predicted by theoretical analyses, including copy when uncertain, copy the majority, and copy if better, and consider the empirical evidence in support of each, drawing from both the animal and human social learning literature. Reliance on social learning strategies may be organized hierarchically, their being employed by animals when unlearned and asocially learned strategies prove ineffective but before animals take recourse in innovation.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4193
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Author (up) Laland, K. N.; van Bergen, Y
Title Experimental studies of innovation in the guppy Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Animal Innovation Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 155-174
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Publisher Oxford University Press Place of Publication Ox Editor S. M. Reader and K. N. Laland
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6537
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Author (up) Lanata, A.; Guidi, A.; Valenza, G.; Baragli, P.; Scilingo, E. P.
Title The Role of Nonlinear Coupling in Human-Horse Interaction: a Preliminary Study Type Conference Article
Year 2017 Publication 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) Abbreviated Journal EMBC
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Abstract This study focuses on the analysis of humanhorse

dynamic interaction using cardiovascular information

exclusively. Specifically, the Information Theoretic Learning

(ITL) approach has been applied to a Human-Horse Interaction

paradigm, therefore accounting for the nonlinear information

of the heart-heart interplay between humans and horses.

Heartbeat dynamics was gathered from humans and horses

during three experimental conditions: absence of interaction,

visual-olfactory interaction, and brooming. Cross Information

Potential, Cross Correntropy, and Correntropy Coefficient were

computed to quantitatively estimate nonlinear coupling in a

group of eleven subjects and one horse. Results showed a

statistical significant difference on all of the three interaction

phases. Furthermore, a Support Vector Machine classifier

recognized the three conditions with an accuracy of 90:9%.

These preliminary and encouraging results suggest that ITL

analysis provides viable metrics for the quantitative evaluation

of human-horse interaction.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6176
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Author (up) Langbein, J.; Siebert, K.; Nuernberg, G.
Title Concurrent recall of serially learned visual discrimination problems in dwarf goats (Capra hircus) Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Behav Proc Abbreviated Journal
Volume 79 Issue Pages
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Langbein2008 Serial 6363
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Author (up) Lansade, L.; Colson, V.; Parias, C.; Trösch, M.; Reigner, F.; Calandreau, L.
Title Female horses spontaneously identify a photograph of their keeper, last seen six months previously Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Scientific Reports Abbreviated Journal
Volume 10 Issue 1 Pages 6302
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Abstract Horses are capable of identifying individual conspecifics based on olfactory, auditory or visual cues. However, this raises the questions of their ability to recognize human beings and on the basis of what cues. This study investigated whether horses could differentiate between a familiar and unfamiliar human from photographs of faces. Eleven horses were trained on a discrimination task using a computer-controlled screen, on which two photographs were presented simultaneously (32 trials/session): touching one was rewarded (S+) and the other not (S-). In the training phase, the S+ faces were of four unfamiliar people which gradually became familiar over the trials. The S- faces were novel for each trial. After the training phase, the faces of the horses' keepers were presented opposite novel faces to test whether the horses could identify the former spontaneously. A reward was given whichever face was touched to avoid any possible learning effect. Horses touched the faces of keepers significantly more than chance, whether it was their current keeper or one they had not seen for six months (t = 3.65; p < 0.004 and t = 6.24; p < 0.0001). Overall, these results show that horses have advanced human face-recognition abilities and a long-term memory of those human faces.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Lansade2020 Serial 6623
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Author (up) Leadbeater, E.; Dawson, E.H.
Title A social insect perspective on the evolution of social learning mechanisms Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Abbreviated Journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
Volume 114 Issue 30 Pages 7838-7845
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Abstract The social world offers a wealth of opportunities to learn from others, and across the animal kingdom individuals capitalize on those opportunities. Here, we explore the role of natural selection in shaping the processes that underlie social information use, using a suite of experiments on social insects as case studies. We illustrate how an associative framework can encompass complex, context-specific social learning in the insect world and beyond, and based on the hypothesis that evolution acts to modify the associative process, suggest potential pathways by which social information use could evolve to become more efficient and effective. Social insects are distant relatives of vertebrate social learners, but the research we describe highlights routes by which natural selection could coopt similar cognitive raw material across the animal kingdom.
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Notes 10.1073/pnas.1620744114 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6189
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