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Author  |
Gese, E.M.; Ruff, R.L. | ||||
| Title | Howling by coyotes (Canis latrans): variation among social classes, seasons, and pack sizes | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Can J Zool | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 76 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Gese1998 | Serial | 6462 | ||
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Gholib, G.; Heistermann, M.; Agil, M.; Supriatna, I.; Purwantara, B.; Nugraha, T.P.; Engelhardt, A. | ||||
| Title | Comparison of fecal preservation and extraction methods for steroid hormone metabolite analysis in wild crested macaques | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Primates | Abbreviated Journal | Primates |
| Volume | 59 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 281-292 |
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| Abstract | Since the non-invasive field endocrinology techniques were developed, several fecal preservation and extraction methods have been established for a variety of species. However, direct adaptation of methods from previous studies for use in crested macaques should be taken with caution. We conducted an experiment to assess the accuracy and stability of fecal estrogen metabolite (E1C) and glucocorticoid metabolite (GCM) concentrations in response to several preservation parameters: (1) time lag between sample collection and fecal preservation; (2) long-term storage of fecal samples in 80% methanol (MeOH) at ambient temperature; (3) different degrees of feces drying temperature using a conventional oven; and (4) different fecal preservation techniques (i.e., freeze-drying, oven-drying, and field-friendly extraction method) and extraction solvents (methanol, ethanol, and commercial alcohol). The study used fecal samples collected from crested macaques (Macaca nigra) living in the Tangkoko Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Samples were assayed using validated E1C and GCM enzyme immunoassays. Concentrations of E1C and GCM in unprocessed feces stored at ambient temperature remained stable for up to 8 h of storage after which concentrations of both E1C and GCM changed significantly compared to controls extracted at time 0. Long-term storage in 80% MeOH at ambient temperature affected hormone concentrations significantly with concentrations of both E1C and GCM increasing after 6 and 4 months of storage, respectively. Drying fecal samples using a conventional oven at 50, 70, and 90 °C did not affect the E1C concentrations, but led to a significant decline for GCM concentrations in samples dried at 90 °C. Different fecal preservation techniques and extraction solvents provided similar results for both E1C and GCM concentrations. Our results confirm previous studies that prior to application of fecal hormone analysis in a new species, several preservation parameters should be evaluated for their effects on hormone metabolite stability. The results also provide several options for fecal preservation, extraction, and storage methods that can be selected depending on the condition of the field site and laboratory. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1610-7365 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Gholib2018 | Serial | 6521 | ||
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| Author |
Gibbs, P.G.; Cohen, N.D. | ||||
| Title | Early management of race-bred weanlings and yearlings on farms | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Journal of Equine Veterinary Science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Equine Vet. Sci. |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 279-283 |
| Keywords | Equine, management, growth, nutrition, marketing | ||||
| Abstract | A total of 58 Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse farms that managed 1,987 weanlings and yearlings responded to a survey designed to better characterize early management of racing prospects. Average age at weaning was 5.5 months and over half of all farms kept almost three-fourths of all weanlings to be placed in pre-race training. Variation in feeding practices was evident and while well over half of all farms provided balanced nutrient supply to young horses, 20% to 40% likely fed unbalanced diets. An obvious preference existed for semi-confinement in young horses with plenty of free exercise. The majority of farms reported that young prospects were fed and managed for a moderate rate of growth. Forced exercise occurred to a much larger extent with yearlings than weanlings and 40% of farms described the footing as soft, but not deep. Response to the prevalence of developmental orthopedic diseases appeared somewhat guarded, and average injury rate was low on farms that attributed much of injury to horses playing too hard. Technological advancements such as photoperiod manipulation in broodmares were widely used, while valuable tools such as body condition scoring were utilized to a lesser extent. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5758 | ||
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| Author |
Giljov, A.; Karenina, K. | ||||
| Title | Differential roles of the right and left brain hemispheres in the social interactions of a free-ranging ungulate | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 168 | Issue | Pages | 103959 | |
| Keywords | Laterality; Hemispheric specialization; Brain asymmetry; Eye preference; Ungulate; Bovid | ||||
| Abstract | Despite the abundant empirical evidence on lateralized social behaviours, a clear understanding of the relative roles of two brain hemispheres in social processing is still lacking. This study investigated visual lateralization in social interactions of free-ranging European bison (Bison bonasus). The bison were more likely to display aggressive responses (such as fight and side hit), when they viewed the conspecific with the right visual field, implicating the left brain hemisphere. In contrast, the responses associated with positive social interactions (female-to-calf bonding, calf-to-female approach, suckling) or aggression inhibition (fight termination) occurred more likely when the left visual field was in use, indicating the right hemisphere advantage. The results do not support either assumptions of right-hemisphere dominance for control of various social functions or hypotheses about simple positive (approach) versus negative (withdrawal) distinction between the hemispheric roles. The discrepancy between the studies suggests that in animals, the relative roles of the hemispheres in social processing may be determined by a fine balance of emotions and motivations associated with the particular social reaction difficult to categorize for a human investigator. Our findings highlight the involvement of both brain hemispheres in the control of social behaviour. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6587 | ||
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| Author |
Giljov, A.; Malashichev, Y.; Karenina, K. | ||||
| Title | What do wild saiga antelopes tell us about the relative roles of the two brain hemispheres in social interactions? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
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| Abstract | Two brain hemispheres are unequally involved in the processing of social stimuli, as demonstrated in a wide range of vertebrates. A considerable number of studies have shown the right hemisphere advantage for social processing. At the same time, an approach-withdrawal hypothesis, mainly based on experimental evidence, proposes the involvement of both brain hemispheres according to approach and withdrawal motivation. The present study aimed to test the relative roles of the two hemispheres in social responses displayed in a natural context. Visual biases, implicating hemispheric lateralization, were estimated in the social interactions of saiga antelope in the wild. In individually identified males, the left/right visual field use during approach and withdrawal responses was recorded based on the lateral head/body position, relative to the conspecific. Lateralized approach responses were investigated in three types of interactions, with left visual field bias found for chasing a rival, no bias--for attacking a rival, and right visual field bias--for pursuing a female. In two types of withdrawal responses, left visual field bias was found for retreating after fighting, while no bias was evident in fight rejecting. These findings demonstrate that neither the right hemisphere advantage nor the approach-withdrawal distinction can fully explain the patterns of lateralization observed in social behaviour. It is clear that both brain hemispheres play significant roles in social responses, while their relative contribution is likely determined by a complex set of motivational and emotional factors rather than a simple dichotomous distinction such as, for example, approach versus withdrawal motivation. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1435-9456 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Giljov2019 | Serial | 6569 | ||
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| Author |
Giraldeau, L.-A.; Lefebvre, L.; Morand-Ferron, J. | ||||
| Title | Can a restrictive definition lead to biases and tautologies? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Behavioral and Brain Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Brain Sci. |
| Volume | 30 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 411-412 |
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| Abstract | We argue that the operational definition proposed by Ramsey et al. does not represent a significant improvement for students of innovation, because it is so restrictive that it might actually prevent the testing of hypotheses on the relationships between innovation, ecology, evolution, culture, and intelligence. To avoid tautological thinking, we need to use an operational definition that is taxonomically unbiased and neutral with respect to the hypotheses to be tested. | ||||
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| Publisher | Cambridge University Press | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | 2007/12/17 | ||
| ISSN | 0140-525x | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6533 | ||
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| Author |
Gleerup, K.B.; Lindegaard, C. | ||||
| Title | Recognition and quantification of pain in horses: A tutorial review | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Equine Veterinary Education | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Vet Educ |
| Volume | 28 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 47-57 |
| Keywords | horse; pain evaluation; pain scale; pain behaviour; pain face | ||||
| Abstract | Summary Pain management is dependent on the quality of the pain evaluation. Ideally, pain evaluation is objective, pain-specific and easily incorporated into a busy equine clinic. This paper reviews the existing knowledge base regarding the identification and quantification of pain in horses. Behavioural indicators of pain in horses in the context of normal equine behaviour, as well as various physiological parameters potentially useful for pain evaluation, are discussed. Areas where knowledge is sparse are identified and a new equine pain scale based on results from all reviewed papers is proposed. Finally, the most important considerations in relation to the implementation of a pain scale in a hospital setting are discussed. | ||||
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| Publisher | American Medical Association (AMA) | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 0957-7734 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.12383 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6705 | ||
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| Author |
Goetsch, A.L.; Gipson, T.A.; Askar, A.R.; Puchala, R. | ||||
| Title | Feeding behavior of goats | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | J Anim Sci | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 88 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Goetsch2010 | Serial | 6254 | ||
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| Author |
Golynski, M.; Szczepanik, M.P.; Wilkolek, P.M.; Adamek, L.R.; Sitkowski, W.; Taszkun, I. | ||||
| Title | Influence of hair clipping on transepidermal water loss values in horses: a pilot study | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | vol. 21 | Issue | No 1 | Pages | |
| Keywords | horses; transepidermal water loss; clipping | ||||
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| Publisher | University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6612 | ||
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| Author |
Gomez Alvarez, C.B.; Rhodin, M.; Bobber, M.F.; Meyer, H.; Weishaupt, M.A.; Johnston, C.; Van Weeren, P.R. | ||||
| Title | The effect of head and neck position on the thoracolumbar kinematics in the unridden horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Vet J Suppl |
| Volume | Issue | 36 | Pages | 445-451 | |
| Keywords | Animals; Biomechanics; Head/*physiology; Horses/*physiology; Lumbar Vertebrae/physiology; Male; Neck/*physiology; Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology; Posture/*physiology; Sports; Thoracic Vertebrae/physiology; Weight-Bearing | ||||
| Abstract | REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: In many equestrian activities a specific position of head and/or neck is required that is dissimilar to the natural position. There is controversy about the effects of these positions on locomotion pattern, but few quantitative data are available. OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effects of 5 different head and neck positions on thoracolumbar kinematics of the horse. METHODS: Kinematics of 7 high level dressage horses were measured walking and trotting on an instrumented treadmill with the head and neck in the following positions: HNP2 = neck raised, bridge of the nose in front of the vertical; HNP3 = as HNP2 with bridge of the nose behind the vertical; HNP4 = head and neck lowered, nose behind the vertical; HNP5 = head and neck in extreme high position; HNP6 = head and neck forward and downward. HNP1 was a speed-matched control (head and neck unrestrained). RESULTS: The head and neck positions affected only the flexion-extension motion. The positions in which the neck was extended (HNP2, 3, 5) increased extension in the anterior thoracic region, but increased flexion in the posterior thoracic and lumbar region. For HNP4 the pattern was the opposite. Positions 2, 3 and 5 reduced the flexion-extension range of motion (ROM) while HNP4 increased it. HNP5 was the only position that negatively affected intravertebral pattern symmetry and reduced hindlimb protraction. The stride length was significantly reduced at walk in positions 2, 3, 4 and 5. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant influence of head/neck position on back kinematics. Elevated head and neck induce extension in the thoracic region and flexion in the lumbar region; besides reducing the sagittal range of motion. Lowered head and neck produces the opposite. A very high position of the head and neck seems to disturb normal kinematics. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: This study provides quantitative data on the effect of head/neck positions on thoracolumbar motion and may help in discussions on the ethical acceptability of some training methods. | ||||
| Address | Department of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 12, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | PMID:17402464 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3702 | ||
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