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Berg Wa,. (1986). Effective population size estimates and breeding in feral horses: A preliminary assessment. J Equine Vet. Sc., 6, 240–245.
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Boyles Js,. (1986). Managing America's wild horses and burros. J Equine Vet. Sc., 6, 261.
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Godfrey Eb, L. P. (1986). Wild horsres mangement: An economic perspective. J Equine Vet Sc, 6, 266–273.
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Hanggi, E. B. (1999). Interocular transfer of learning In horses (Equus caballus). J Equine Vet Sci, 19(8), 518–524.
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Kirkpatrick Jf,. (1986). Feral horses: The basic problems. J Equine Vet Sc, 6, 222.
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Mclain Jl,. (1986). The wild horse controversy. J Equine Vet Sc, 6, 274–275.
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Merl, S., Scherzer, S., Palme, R., & Möstl, E. (2000). Pain causes increased concentrations of glucocorticoid metabolites in horse feces. J Equine Vet Sci, 20(9), 586–590.
Abstract: The concentration of 11,17-dioxoandrostanes (11,17-DOA), a group of cortisol metabolites, was measured using enzyme immunoassay in fecal samples of horses experiencing painful episodes. One group of horses consisted of 10 stallions castrated (samples were collected daily for 10 days); the other group was made up of 29 horses which were brought to an animal hospital because of signs of colic (samples were collected twice daily for six days). Before castration, median concentrations of 10.5 nmol/kg feces were measured. On days 1 and 2 after castration, median 11,17-DOA values increased up to 26.2 and 50.0 nmol/kg feces, respectively, and decreased thereafter to levels lower than at the beginning of the sampling period. High variations were measured between individual cases of colic. In animals with colic, all horses excreted more than 33 nmol 11,17-DOA/kg feces for various periods. The highest concentration measured was 885 nmol/kg feces. One animal out of the 29 colic horses did not show any clinical signs of pain upon arrival in the hospital. The 11,17-DOA values were below 17 nmol/kg feces in all those samples. From this data we conclude, that the concentration of 11,17-DOA in feces is a parameter for painful situations that have occurred one or two days earlier.
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Miller J,. (1986). National forest management of wild horses and burros: Current position and policy. J Equine Vet Sc, 6, 259–260.
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Smith Ma,. (1986). Impacts if feral horses grazing on Rangelands: An overview. J Equine Vet, 6, 236–237.
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Smith Ma,. (1986). Potential competitive interactions between feral horses and other grazing animals. J Equine Vet. Sc., 6, 238–239.
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