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| Author | Farmer-Dougan, V.; Dougan, J. | ||||
| Title | The Man Who Listens To Behavior: Folk Wisdom And Behavior Analysis From A Real Horse Whisperer | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | JOURNAL OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Anal Behav |
| Volume | 72 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 139-149 |
| Keywords | positive reinforcement, aversive control, learned helplessness, language, biological constraints, | ||||
| Abstract | The popular novel and movie The Horse Whisperer are based on the work of several real-life horse whisperers, the most famous of whom is Monty Roberts. Over the last 50 years, Roberts has developed a technique for training horses that is both more effective and less aversive than traditional training techniques. An analysis of Roberts` methods (as described in his book, The Man Who Listens to Horses) indicates a deep understanding of behavioral principles including positive reinforcement, timeout, species-specific defense reactions, learned helplessness, and the behavioral analysis of language. Roberts developed his theory and techniques on the basis of personal experience and folk wisdom, and not as the result of formal training in behavior analysis. Behavior analysts can clearly learn from such insightful yet behaviorally incorrect practitioners, just as such practitioners can benefit from the objective science of behavior analysts. |
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0022-5002 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:16812908 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 1829 | ||
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| Author | Watanabe, S.; Huber, L. | ||||
| Title | Animal logics: decisions in the absence of human language | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 235-245 |
| Keywords | *Animal Communication; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Brain/physiology; Cognition/*physiology; Decision Making/*physiology; Evolution; Humans; *Language; *Logic; Problem Solving/physiology | ||||
| Abstract | Without Abstract | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, Keio University, Mita 2-15-45, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan. swat@flet.keio.ac.jp | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:16909231 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2453 | ||
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| Author | Lyn, H.; Savage-Rumbaugh, E.S. | ||||
| Title | Observational word learning in two bonobos (Pan paniscus): ostensive and non-ostensive contexts | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Language & Communication | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 255-273 |
| Keywords | Language acquisition; Bonobo; Fast mapping | ||||
| Abstract | Word learning has been extensively studied in humans. Children seem to be able to map new words onto objects with only one exposure to the referent. This ability has been called “fast mapping”(Carey, 1978 and Carey). Using a modified human paradigm, this paper explores two language-competent bonobos' (Pan paniscus) abilities to map new words to objects in realistic surroundings with few exposures to the referents. This paper also investigates the necessity of the apes maintaining visual contact (ostensive context) with the item to map the novel name onto the novel object. The bonobos tested in this experiment were able to map new words onto objects and could do so without visual contact with the items. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4675 | ||
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| Author | Krishnan, A.; Gandour, J.T.; Ananthakrishnan, S.; Bidelman, G.M.; Smalt, C.J. | ||||
| Title | Functional ear (a)symmetry in brainstem neural activity relevant to encoding of voice pitch: A precursor for hemispheric specialization? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | Publication | Brain and Language | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | In Press, Corrected Proof | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | Auditory; Human; Brainstem; Pitch; Language; Mandarin Chinese; Fundamental frequency-following response (FFR); Functional ear asymmetry; Experience-dependent plasticity; Subcortical | ||||
| Abstract | Pitch processing is lateralized to the right hemisphere; linguistic pitch is further mediated by left cortical areas. This experiment investigates whether ear asymmetries vary in brainstem representation of pitch depending on linguistic status. Brainstem frequency-following responses (FFRs) were elicited by monaural stimulation of the left and right ear of 15 native speakers of Mandarin Chinese using two synthetic speech stimuli that differ in linguistic status of tone. One represented a native lexical tone (Tone 2: T2); the other, T2', a nonnative variant in which the pitch contour was a mirror image of T2 with the same starting and ending frequencies. Two 40-ms portions of f0 contours were selected in order to compare two regions (R1, early; R2 late) differing in pitch acceleration rate and perceptual saliency. In R2, linguistic status effects revealed that T2 exhibited a larger degree of FFR rightward ear asymmetry as reflected in f0 amplitude relative to T2'. Relative to midline (ear asymmetry = 0), the only ear asymmetry reaching significance was that favoring left ear stimulation elicited by T2'. By left- and right-ear stimulation separately, FFRs elicited by T2 were larger than T2' in the right ear only. Within T2', FFRs elicited by the earlier region were larger than the later in both ears. Within T2, no significant differences in FFRS were observed between regions in either ear. Collectively, these findings support the idea that origins of cortical processing preferences for perceptually-salient portions of pitch are rooted in early, preattentive stages of processing in the brainstem. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0093-934x | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5391 | ||
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| Author | Cochet, H.; Byrne, R.W. | ||||
| Title | Evolutionary origins of human handedness: evaluating contrasting hypotheses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Animal Cognition | |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 531-542 |
| Keywords | Hand preference; Hemispheric specialization; Communicative gestures; Evolution of language; Nonhuman primates; Human children | ||||
| Abstract | Variation in methods and measures, resulting in past dispute over the existence of population handedness in nonhuman great apes, has impeded progress into the origins of human right-handedness and how it relates to the human hallmark of language. Pooling evidence from behavioral studies, neuroimaging and neuroanatomy, we evaluate data on manual and cerebral laterality in humans and other apes engaged in a range of manipulative tasks and in gestural communication. A simplistic human/animal partition is no longer tenable, and we review four (nonexclusive) possible drivers for the origin of population-level right-handedness: skilled manipulative activity, as in tool use; communicative gestures; organizational complexity of action, in particular hierarchical structure; and the role of intentionality in goal-directed action. Fully testing these hypotheses will require developmental and evolutionary evidence as well as modern neuroimaging data. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer-Verlag | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5691 | ||
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| Author | Sabou, M.; Bontcheva, K.; Scharl, A. | ||||
| Title | Crowdsourcing Research Opportunities: Lessons from Natural Language Processing | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-18 | ||
| Keywords | crowdsourcing, games with a purpose, natural language processing, resource acquisition | ||||
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| Publisher | Acm | Place of Publication | New York, NY, USA | Editor | |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | i-KNOW '12 | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| ISSN | 978-1-4503-1242-4 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Sabou:2012:CRO:2362456.2362479 | Serial | 6436 | ||
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