Records |
Author |
Gao, X; Gu, J. |
Title |
The distribution and status of the Equidae in China. |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Acta Theriologica Sinica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Theriol. Sin. |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
269-274 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
1101 |
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Author |
Ginsberg, J.R., |
Title |
The ecology of female behaviour and male mating success in the Grevy's zebra |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Symposium of the Zoological Society of London |
Abbreviated Journal |
Symp zool Soc Lond |
Volume |
61 |
Issue |
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Pages |
89-110 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
1112 |
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Author |
Hunter, L.; Houpt, K..A. |
Title |
Bedding material preferences of ponies. |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Journal of American Society of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anim Sci |
Volume |
67 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1986-1991 |
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Abstract |
The bedding preferences of ponies were determined using video recordings of nighttime (1900 to 0700) behavior of individually housed ponies. The ponies' behavior each minute was recorded to determine time budgets. In Exp. I, preference for bedding was determined using three mares, three stallions and two geldings given access to bedded and unbedded areas in a box stall. The ponies spent more time (66%) on the bedded area and were never observed lying on the unbedded areas. In Exp. II, three mares and six stallions were given access to a box stall, one side of which was bedded with wood shavings and the other with straw. Although some individual animals preferred one bedding over the other, neither form of bedding was preferred consistently. Time budgets in Exp. II were similar on both bedding materials. The ponies spent 12% of their nighttime lying, 2% walking, 35% eating and 50% standing inactively. Some ponies had a relatively strong preference for bedding, but the type of bedding preferred varied with the individual animal. Some individual ponies had no clear preference, but instead had a side or position preference |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
Call Number |
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Serial |
1211 |
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Author |
Izraely, H.; Choshniak, I.; Shkolnik, A.; Stevens, C.E.; Demment, M.W. |
Title |
Factors determining the digestive efficiency of the domesticated donkey.(Equus Asinus Asinus ) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Q J Exp Physiol |
Abbreviated Journal |
Q J Exp Physiol |
Volume |
74 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-6 |
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Abstract |
Factors determining the digestive efficiency of donkeys were studied in animals fed either a low quality roughage (wheat straw: 77{middle dot}1% neutral detergent fibre, 2{middle dot}8% crude protein) or a high quality forage (alfalfa hay: 47{middle dot}5% neutral detergent fibre, 22{middle dot}7% crude protein). The neutral detergent fibre (NDF) intake when fed wheat straw was 1693 {+/-} 268 g animal-1 day-1, 10% higher than when fed alfalfa hay. Digestive coefficient of NDF and acid detergent fibre (ADF) when fed wheat straw amounted to 50{middle dot}9 {+/-} 4{middle dot}9 and 42{middle dot}0 {+/-} 4{middle dot}1% respectively. NDF and ADF apparent digestibilities and mean retention times (37{middle dot}7 {+/-} 1{middle dot}7 and 36{middle dot}4 {+/-} 3{middle dot}2 h respectively) were not significantly different (P [rang] 0{middle dot}05) between the two diets. The donkey appears to digest cell wall constituents as efficiently as the Bedouin goat when on low quality roughage, but less efficiently when fed alfalfa hay. Its energy digestibility is, however, as high as that reported for the Bedouin goat. The donkey's high energy digestibility is related to its capacity to digest soluble food components more efficiently than the ruminant. The mean retention time in the donkey is shorter than in the Bedouin goat and is consistent with its capacity to compensate for a lower quality diet by increasing its intake rate. Recycling of urea in donkeys maintained on wheat straw amounted to 75{middle dot}5 {+/-} 13{middle dot}0% of the entry rate. A decrease in the rate of renal urea filtration, coupled with an increase in the fraction reabsorbed, increased the retention of nitrogenous waste and permitted recycling of nitrogen into the gut. N1 - |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
Call Number |
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Serial |
1216 |
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Author |
Klingel, H. |
Title |
Odd-toed Ungulates, Horses |
Type |
Book Chapter |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
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Pages |
550+557-594 |
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Place of Publication |
McGraw Hill |
Editor |
Grzimek, B. |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
Call Number |
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Serial |
1320 |
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Author |
Rubenstein, D.I |
Title |
Life history and social organization in arid adapted ungulates |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Journal of Arid Environments |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Arid. Environ. |
Volume |
17 |
Issue |
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Pages |
145-156 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
Call Number |
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Serial |
1527 |
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Author |
Stahlbaum, C.C.; Houpt, K.A. |
Title |
The role of the Flehmen response in the behavioral repertoire of the stallion |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Physiology & behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physiol. Behav. |
Volume |
45 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1207-1214 |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Circadian Rhythm; Discrimination (Psychology)/physiology; Estrus; Feces; Female; Horses/*physiology; Male; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Smell/*physiology; Taste/physiology; Urine |
Abstract |
The role of the Flehmen response in equine behavior was investigated under field and laboratory conditions. In Experiment 1, a field study made of five stallions on pasture with between three and eighteen mares each during the season indicated the following: 1) The Flehmen response was most frequently preceded by nasal, rather than oral, investigation of substances; 2) The stallions' rate of Flehmen varied with the estrous cycles of the mares; 3) The rate of Flehmen response did not show a variation with time of day; and 4) The Flehmen response was most frequently followed by marking behaviors rather than courtship behaviors. The results suggest that the Flehmen response is not an immediate component of sexual behavior, e.g., courtship of the stallion but may be involved in the overall monitoring of the mare's estrous cycle. Therefore the Flehmen response may contribute to the chemosensory priming of the stallion for reproduction. In Experiment 2 stallions were presented with urine or feces of mares in various stages of the reproductive cycle as well as with their own or other males' urine or feces. The occurrence of sniffing and Flehmen was used to determine the discriminatory ability of the stallions. Stallions can differentiate the sex of a horse on the basis of its feces alone, but cannot differentiate on the basis of urine. This ability may explain the function of fecal marking behavior of stallions. |
Address |
New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853 |
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English |
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0031-9384 |
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Notes |
PMID:2813545 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
44 |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A.; Thornton, S.N.; Allen, W.R. |
Title |
Vasopressin in dehydrated and rehydrated ponies |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Physiology & behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physiol. Behav. |
Volume |
45 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
659-661 |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Dehydration/*blood; Drinking Behavior/*physiology; Female; Horses/*blood; Osmolar Concentration; Reaction Time; Time Factors; Vasopressins/*blood |
Abstract |
Six pony mares deprived of water for 24 hours showed significant increases in plasma vasopressin (2.8 pg/ml) and osmolality (9 mosmol/kg). When water was made available the ponies drank rapidly (5 of 6 drank to satiety within 90 seconds) and corrected their fluid deficits precisely. Vasopressin did not return to predehydration levels until osmolality did after 15 minutes of access to water. The horse differs from rodents and humans, but is similar to pigs in that vasopressin levels do not fall before osmolality returns to normal. Oropharyngeal factors, therefore, may not be as important in vasopressin release in horses as in other species. |
Address |
New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca 14853-6401 |
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English |
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0031-9384 |
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PMID:2756059 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
45 |
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Author |
Trim, C.M.; Moore, J.N.; Clark, E.S. |
Title |
Renal effects of dopamine infusion in conscious horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J Suppl |
Volume |
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Issue |
7 |
Pages |
124-128 |
Keywords |
Animals; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/*physiology; Creatinine/blood; Dopamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Infusions, Intravenous/veterinary; Kidney/blood supply/*drug effects/physiology; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium/blood; Random Allocation; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects/physiology; Renal Artery/drug effects/physiology/ultrasonography; Sodium/blood; Time Factors; Ultrasonography/methods/veterinary; Urination/physiology |
Abstract |
An ultrasonic flow probe was implanted around a branch of the left renal artery in five horses. The effects of dopamine were studied in the unsedated horses 10 days after surgery. Three experiments, separated by at least two days, were performed in random order on each horse. In two experiments, dopamine was infused intravenously for 60 mins at either 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms/kg bodyweight (bwt)/min. Saline was infused for 60 mins before and after each infusion, and for 180 mins in the third experiment as a control. Renal blood flow increased during administration of dopamine at both dose rates (P = 0.0001). Urine volume increased (P = 0.055), and osmolality decreased (P < 0.05), with infusion of dopamine at 5.0 micrograms/kg bwt/min. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly affected. Fractional excretions of sodium and potassium were not significantly changed with dopamine infusion. The higher dopamine dose rate was accompanied by dysrhythmias in some horses. |
Address |
Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA |
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PMID:9118094 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
99 |
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Author |
Ellard, M.-E.; Crowell-Davis, S.L. |
Title |
Evaluating equine dominance in draft mares |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume |
24 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
55-75 |
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Abstract |
The social hierarchy of a herd of 12 draft mares was assessed using agonism in the field, paired-feeding tests and a group-feeding test. Results from the paired-feeding test correlated significantly, but imperfectly, with those from the field. Differential motivation among subjects for the feed and disruption of ambiguous relationships among mares reduced the reliability of the paired-feeding test as a measure of social dominance. Results from the group-feeding test did not correlate significantly with the field hierarchy and only a few mares ever ate from the bucket. Height, weight and age each correlated significantly with rank; a mare's tendency to remain alone did not. Total aggressive scores during the paired-feeding test correlated with rank. However, a high-ranking mare was no more aggressive to each of her subordinates than was a low-ranking mare. Rather, all mares aggressed more against individuals close in rank to themselves and with preferred field associates. In the field, mares associated most with other mares of similar rank. |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
662 |
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