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| Author | Schwab, C.; Huber, L. | ||||
| Title | Obey or not obey? Dogs (Canis familiaris) behave differently in response to attentional states of their owners | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Journal of Comparative Psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) | Abbreviated Journal | J Comp Psychol |
| Volume | 120 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 169-175 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Attention; Awareness; *Bonding, Human-Pet; *Cooperative Behavior; Cues; Dogs/*psychology; Humans; Motivation; *Nonverbal Communication; Social Perception; *Speech Perception; *Verbal Behavior | ||||
| Abstract | Sixteen domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) were tested in a familiar context in a series of 1-min trials on how well they obeyed after being told by their owner to lie down. Food was used in 1/3 of all trials, and during the trial the owner engaged in 1 of 5 activities. The dogs behaved differently depending on the owner's attention to them. When being watched by the owner, the dogs stayed lying down most often and/or for the longest time compared with when the owner read a book, watched TV, turned his or her back on them, or left the room. These results indicate that the dogs sensed the attentional state of their owners by judging observable behavioral cues such as eye contact and eye, head, and body orientation. | ||||
Address  |
Department for Behavior, Neurobiology and Cognition, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. cpriberskyschwab@yahoo.de | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0735-7036 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16893253 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4961 | ||
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| Author | Goncalves, T.C.; Rocha, D.S.; Cunha, R.A. | ||||
| Title | Feeding patterns of Triatoma vitticeps in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Revista de Saude Publica | Abbreviated Journal | Rev Saude Publica |
| Volume | 34 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 348-352 |
| Keywords | Animals; Brazil; Cattle; Chagas Disease/transmission; Dogs; Ecology; Feeding Behavior/physiology; Female; Food Habits/physiology; Humans; Insect Vectors/*physiology; Male; Triatoma/*physiology; *Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification | ||||
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: Feeding patterns of triatomines have contributed to elucidate its biology. Triatoma vitticeps, naturally infected with T. cruzi, has been found in domiciles. Its behavior and epidemiological patterns were investigated. METHODS: One-hundred and twenty two specimens of T. vitticeps were captured from February 1989 to April 1993 in two areas of Triunfo municipality, a subdistrict of Santa Maria Madalena municipal district, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The insects were dissected and their intestinal contents were removed and tested. It was used antisera from: man, cow, horse, dog, pig, armadillo, opossum, rodent, and bird. RESULTS: From the total analyzed, 79 were positive and 43 were negative to the nine antisera tested: armadillo (30.3%) > human and pig (13.1%) > bird and dog (11.5%) > horse (5.7%) > opossum (4.9%) > rodent (4. 1%) > cow (3.3%). Blood meals ranged from 0 to 4 and 6 in the following distribution: 0 = 25.41%; 1 = 45.08%; 2 = 10.66%; 3 = 6. 56%; 4 = 1.64%, and 6 = 0.82%. Nine of the 122 insects captured were not examined, 74 (65.54%) were positive for T. cruzi infection and 39 (34.51%) were negative. CONCLUSIONS: These results identified the T. vitticeps as being a sylvatic species and trypanosomiasis as being an enzootic disease. Epidemiological vigilance will be important to provide more information regarding the behavior of the species | ||||
| Address |
Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto swaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. tcmonte@gene.dbbm.fiocruz.br | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0034-8910 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:10973153 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2650 | ||
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| Author | West, R.E.; Young, R.J. | ||||
| Title | Do domestic dogs show any evidence of being able to count? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 5 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 183-186 |
| Keywords | Animal Feed; Animals; Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; *Dogs; Female; Male; *Mathematics; Reinforcement (Psychology); Visual Perception | ||||
| Abstract | Numerical competence has been demonstrated in a wide range of animal species. The level of numerical abilities shown ranges from simple relative numerousness judgements to true counting. In this study we used the preferential looking technique to test whether 11 pet dogs could count. The dogs were presented with three simple calculations: “1+1=2”; “1+1=1”; and “1+1=3”. These calculations were performed by presenting the dogs with treats that were placed behind a screen that allowed manipulation of the outcome of the calculation. When the dogs expected the outcome they spent the same amount of time looking at the result of the calculation as they did on the initial presentation. However, when the result was unexpected dogs spent significantly longer looking at the outcome of the calculation. The results suggest that the dogs were anticipating the outcome of the calculations they observed, thus suggesting that dogs may have a rudimentary ability to count. | ||||
| Address |
De Montfort University-Lincoln, Caythorpe, Grantham, Lincolnshire, NG32 3EP, UK | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:12357291 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2594 | ||
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| Author | Gácsi, M.; Miklósi, Á.; Varga, O.; Topál, J.; Csányi, V. | ||||
| Title | Are readers of our face readers of our minds? Dogs (Canis familiaris) show situation-dependent recognition of human's attention | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 144-153 |
| Keywords | Animals; Association Learning; *Attention; Bonding, Human-Pet; Cognition; *Concept Formation; Cues; Dogs/*psychology; *Facial Expression; Female; Humans; Male; *Nonverbal Communication; *Recognition (Psychology); Social Behavior | ||||
| Abstract | The ability of animals to use behavioral/facial cues in detection of human attention has been widely investigated. In this test series we studied the ability of dogs to recognize human attention in different experimental situations (ball-fetching game, fetching objects on command, begging from humans). The attentional state of the humans was varied along two variables: (1) facing versus not facing the dog; (2) visible versus non-visible eyes. In the first set of experiments (fetching) the owners were told to take up different body positions (facing or not facing the dog) and to either cover or not cover their eyes with a blindfold. In the second set of experiments (begging) dogs had to choose between two eating humans based on either the visibility of the eyes or direction of the face. Our results show that the efficiency of dogs to discriminate between “attentive” and “inattentive” humans depended on the context of the test, but they could rely on the orientation of the body, the orientation of the head and the visibility of the eyes. With the exception of the fetching-game situation, they brought the object to the front of the human (even if he/she turned his/her back towards the dog), and preferentially begged from the facing (or seeing) human. There were also indications that dogs were sensitive to the visibility of the eyes because they showed increased hesitative behavior when approaching a blindfolded owner, and they also preferred to beg from the person with visible eyes. We conclude that dogs are able to rely on the same set of human facial cues for detection of attention, which form the behavioral basis of understanding attention in humans. Showing the ability of recognizing human attention across different situations dogs proved to be more flexible than chimpanzees investigated in similar circumstances. | ||||
| Address |
Comparative Ethology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Pazmany P. 1/c., 1117, Budapest, Hungary. gm.art@axelero.hu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:14669075 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2547 | ||
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| Author | Topál, J.; Byrne, R.W.; Miklósi, Á.; Csányi, V. | ||||
| Title | Reproducing human actions and action sequences: “Do as I Do!” in a dog | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 355-367 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Comprehension; Conditioning, Operant; *Discrimination Learning; Dogs/*psychology; Humans; *Imitative Behavior; Male; *Serial Learning | ||||
| Abstract | We present evidence that a dog (Philip, a 4-year-old tervueren) was able to use different human actions as samples against which to match his own behaviour. First, Philip was trained to repeat nine human-demonstrated actions on command ('Do it!'). When his performance was markedly over chance in response to demonstration by one person, testing with untrained action sequences and other demonstrators showed some ability to generalise his understanding of copying. In a second study, we presented Philip with a sequence of human actions, again using the 'Do as I do' paradigm. All demonstrated actions had basically the same structure: the owner picked up a bottle from one of six places; transferred it to one of the five other places and then commanded the dog ('Do it!'). We found that Philip duplicated the entire sequence of moving a specific object from one particular place to another more often than expected by chance. Although results point to significant limitations in his imitative abilities, it seems that the dog could have recognized the action sequence, on the basis of observation alone, in terms of the initial state, the means, and the goal. This suggests that dogs might acquire abilities by observation that enhance their success in complex socio-behavioural situations. | ||||
| Address |
Comparative Ethology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Pazmany, P. 1/c H-1117, Hungary. kea@t-online.hu | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1435-9448 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17024511 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2434 | ||
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| Author | Meyer, W.; Pakur, M. | ||||
| Title | [Remarks on the domestic dog as an object of instruction for the education of the developing child] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift | Abbreviated Journal | Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr |
| Volume | 112 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 131-138 |
| Keywords | Animals; Animals, Domestic; *Bonding, Human-Pet; Character; Child; *Child Development; Child, Preschool; Cognition; *Dogs; Emotions; Empathy; Humans | ||||
| Abstract | Based on an intensive analysis of literature, the study summarizes problems involved in the significance of domesticated dogs as objects of instruction and assistants of the education of children. Several important topics are discussed in view of advances for children in families keeping dogs. Such topics are mainly related to a general socio-emotional level, the support of cognitive development and character formation. Further aspects are the acquisition of a sense of responsibility, and the development of self-confidence, a sense of social membership and security, as well as important attributes of character such as frankness, broad mindedness, and sympathetic understanding. Moreover, knowledge about the life cycle and functions of body organs can be conveyed, and the dog could, at least in part, substitute for brothers and sisters. Basically, positive attitudes towards animals in general, as well as nature and environment are supported. All topics are critically commented and considered to be realistic or not. The supporting role of parents, in particular, is emphasized. Parental commitment should include deep concern with the typical attributes of the dog breed desired, and optimal dog keeping conditions to prevent harm to the children. The final commentary lays special emphasis on negative features of domestication for a pet owner, and cautions against non-biological and illusionary ideas about domesticated animals. | ||||
| Address |
Anatomisches Institut der Tierakztlichen Hochschule Hannover | ||||
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| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | Bemerkungen zum Haushund als Lehrobjekt und Erziehungshilfe fur das sich entwickelnde Kind | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0005-9366 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:10337055 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4155 | ||
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| Author | B. Agnetta,; B. Hare,; M. Tomasello, | ||||
| Title | Cues to food location that domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) of different ages do and do not use | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 107-112 |
| Keywords | Dogs – Arctic wolves – Social cognition – Gaze following – Communication | ||||
| Abstract | Autoren B. Agnetta, B. Hare, M. Tomasello Zusammenfassung The results of three experiments are reported. In the main study, a human experimenter presented domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) with a variety of social cues intended to indicate the location of hidden food. The novel findings of this study were: (1) dogs were able to use successfully several totally novel cues in which they watched a human place a marker in front of the target location; (2) dogs were unable to use the marker by itself with no behavioral cues (suggesting that some form of human behavior directed to the target location was a necessary part of the cue); and (3) there were no significant developments in dogs' skills in these tasks across the age range 4 months to 4 years (arguing against the necessity of extensive learning experiences with humans). In a follow-up study, dogs did not follow human gaze into “empty space” outside of the simulated foraging context. Finally, in a small pilot study, two arctic wolves (Canis lupus) were unable to use human cues to locate hidden food. These results suggest the possibility that domestic dogs have evolved an adaptive specialization for using human-produced directional cues in a goal-directed (especially foraging) context. Exactly how they understand these cues is still an open question. Schlüsselwörter Key words Dogs – Arctic wolves – Social cognition – Gaze following – Communication |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 598 | ||
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| Author | Burden, F.; Trawford, A. | ||||
| Title | Equine interspecies aggression Comment on | Type | |||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | The Veterinary record | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Rec. |
| Volume | 159 | Issue | 25 | Pages | 859-860 |
| Keywords | *Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cats; Dogs; Equidae | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0042-4900 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:17172484 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1777 | |||
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| Author | Adachi, I.; Kuwahata, H.; Fujita, K. | ||||
| Title | Dogs recall their owner's face upon hearing the owner's voice | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 17-21 |
| Keywords | Cross-modal representation – Natural concepts – Dogs | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract We tested whether dogs have a cross-modal representation of human individuals. We presented domestic dogs with a photo of either the owner's or a stranger's face on the LCD monitor after playing back a voice of one of those persons. A voice and a face matched in half of the trials (Congruent condition) and mismatched in the other half (Incongruent condition). If our subjects activate visual images of the voice, their expectation would be contradicted in Incongruent condition. It would result in the subjects` longer looking times in Incongruent condition than in Congruent condition. Our subject dogs looked longer at the visual stimulus in Incongruent condition than in Congruent condition. This suggests that dogs actively generate their internal representation of the owner's face when they hear the owner calling them. This is the first demonstration that nonhuman animals do not merely associate auditory and visual stimuli but also actively generate a visual image from auditory information. Furthermore, our subject also looked at the visual stimulus longer in Incongruent condition in which the owner's face followed an unfamiliar person's voice than in Congruent condition in which the owner's face followed the owner's voice. Generating a particular visual image in response to an unfamiliar voice should be difficult, and any expected images from the voice ought to be more obscure or less well defined than that of the owners. However, our subjects looked longer at the owner's face in Incongruent condition than in Congruent condition. This may indicate that dogs may have predicted that it should not be the owner when they heard the unfamiliar person's voice. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 4222 | ||
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| Author | Daniels, T.J.; Bekoff, M. | ||||
| Title | Feralization: The making of wild domestic animals | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 1-3 | Pages | 79-94 |
| Keywords | feralization; domestication; feral dogs | ||||
| Abstract | The widely accepted viewpoint that feralization is the reverse of domestication requires that the feralization process be restricted to populations of animals and, therefore, cannot occur in individuals. An alternative, ontogenetic approach is presented in which feralization is defined as the process by which individual domestic animals either become desocialized from humans, or never become socialized, and thus behave as untamed, non-domestic animals. Feralization will vary among species and, intraspecifically, will depend upon an individual's age and history of socialization to humans. Because feralization is not equated with morphological change resulting from evolutionary processes, species formation is not an accurate indicator of feral condition. | ||||
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| Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 5; Export Date: 24 October 2008 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 4580 | ||
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