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Author |
Linton, M.L. |
Title |
Washoe the chimpanzee |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1970 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
169 |
Issue |
943 |
Pages |
328 |
Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cognition; Cultural Deprivation; *Hominidae; Humans; Infant; *Language Development; Psychology, Comparative |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:5450363 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2849 |
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Author |
Ducro, B.J.; Koenen, E.P.C.; van Tartwijk, J.M.F.M.; Bovenhuis, H. |
Title |
Genetic relations of movement and free-jumping traits with dressage and show-jumping performance in competition of Dutch Warmblood horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Livestock Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
107 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
227-234 |
Keywords |
Horse; Heritability; Movement; Free-jumping; Dressage |
Abstract |
Genetic parameters for traits evaluated at the studbook entry inspection and genetic correlations with dressage and show-jumping performance in competition were estimated. Data comprised 36,649 Warmblood horses that entered the studbook between 1992 and 2002. The genetic analyses were performed using univariate and bivariate animal models. Heritabilities of the studbook entry traits were estimated in the range 0.15-0.40. The movement traits showed moderate to strong mutual genetic correlations, whereas the genetic correlations of movement traits with free-jumping traits were weak to moderate. The free-jumping traits showed strong to very strong mutual genetic correlations. Competition results of 33,459 horses with performance in dressage and 30,474 horse with performance in show-jumping were linked to the studbook entry data to estimate the genetic relationship with performance in competition. Heritability estimates for dressage and show jumping were 0.14. Genetic correlations of the movement traits with dressage were moderate to strong, and with show-jumping weak to moderate. Genetic correlations of the free-jumping traits with dressage were weak to moderate and unfavourable. The free-jumping traits were genetically strong to very strong correlated to show-jumping. It was concluded that a selection of the traits evaluated at the studbook entry inspection will favourably contribute to estimation of breeding values for sport performance. |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3947 |
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Author |
Ducro, B.J.; Koenen, E.P.C.; van Tartwijk, J.M.F.M.; van Arendonk, J.A.M. |
Title |
Genetic relations of First Stallion Inspection traits with dressage and show-jumping performance in competition of Dutch Warmblood horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Livestock Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
107 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
81-85 |
Keywords |
Riding horse; Heritability; Stallion inspection; Dressage; Show-jumping |
Abstract |
Genetic parameters for traits evaluated at the First Stallion Inspection (FSI) and genetic correlations with dressage and show-jumping performance in competition were estimated. Data comprised 2361 stallions with FSI-observations from 1994 through 1999. Genetic analyses were performed using univariate and bivariate animal models. Heritability estimates of the FSI-traits ranged from 0.25 to 0.61. FSI-traits related to gaits showed strong genetic correlations (above 0.70) and FSI-traits related to free jumping had correlations close to unity. Competition results of 23,897 horses with performance in dressage and 22,811 horses with performance in show-jumping were linked to the FSI data to estimate the genetic relationship with performance in competition. Heritability estimates for dressage and show-jumping were 0.14. Genetic correlation between FSI-gaits and dressage in competition were positive, ranging from 0.37 to 0.72. Genetic correlation between FSI-jumping traits and show-jumping were all above 0.80. FSI-jumping traits showed negative correlations with dressage (about – 0.48). FSI-gait traits showed negative correlations with show-jumping, except for canter. It is concluded that selection at First Stallion Inspection comprises an important component of the stallion selection program, because FSI-traits have good genetic relationships with performance in competition and, due to the number of animals involved, relative high selection intensities can be achieved. |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3948 |
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Author |
Hodson, E.F.; Clayton, H.M.; Lanovaz, J.L. |
Title |
Temporal analysis of walk movements in the Grand Prix dressage test at the 1996 Olympic Games |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume |
62 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
89-97 |
Keywords |
Dressage; Horse; Kinematics; Locomotion; Gait |
Abstract |
Video analysis was used to measure temporal characteristics of the collected walk, extended walk and half pirouette at walk of eleven competitors during the team dressage competition at the 1996 Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, GA. Forelimb stance durations, hind limb stance durations, lateral step intervals and diagonal step intervals were symmetrical for the right and left sides in the collected and extended walk strides, but there were left-right asymmetries in the forelimb stance duration and in the lateral step interval in the half pirouette strides. For both collected and extended walk strides, hind limb stance duration was significantly longer than forelimb stance duration. The mean values for the group of eleven horses showed that the collected and extended walks had a regular rhythm. The half pirouette strides showed an irregularity in which there was a short interval between footfalls of the outside forelimb and inside hind limb, and along interval between footfalls of the inside hind limb and inside forelimb. This irregularity reflected an early placement of the inside hind limb. The stance times of both hind limbs were prolonged and this finding, in combination with the early placement of the inside hind limb, led to an increase in the period of tripedal support in each stride of the half pirouette. This was interpreted as a means of maintaining the horses' balance in the absence of forward movement. |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3960 |
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Author |
Koenen, E.P.C.; van Veldhuizen, A.E.; Brascamp, E.W. |
Title |
Genetic parameters of linear scored conformation traits and their relation to dressage and show-jumping performance in the Dutch Warmblood Riding Horse population |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Livestock Production Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
85-94 |
Keywords |
Horse; Heritability; Conformation; Dressage; Show jumping |
Abstract |
In this study genetic parameters of linear scored conformation traits of the Dutch Warmblood Riding Horse were estimated in relation to performance in competition. Observations on 10 665 mares were analyzed with an animal model including the fixed effects age, classifier, location and percentage of thoroughbred. Using restricted maximum likelihood algorithms, heritabilities of 26 linear scored conformation traits were estimated in the range 0.09-0.28. Several conformation traits had high up to very high mutual genetic correlations. Competition results of 3476 horses with performance in dressage and 3220 horses with performance in show-jumping were linked to the conformation data to estimate the genetic relationship between conformation and performance in competition. The model for the evaluation of the competition results included the fixed effects riding club, age and sex. Estimated heritabilities for dressage and show-jumping were 0.17 +/- 0.05 and 0.19 +/- 0.04, respectively. Genetic correlations between conformation and performance were low to moderate. The length of the neck, length and position of the shoulders, shape and length of croup and muscularity of the haunches had a significant moderate genetic correlation with dressage. Muscularity of the neck, shape of the croup and muscularity of the haunches had a significant genetic correlation with show-jumping. The results indicate that, due to the low genetic correlations with performance traits, indirect selection for performance using conformation results is of limited value. |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3961 |
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Author |
Huizinga, H.A.; van der Werf, J.H.J.; Korver, S.; van der Meij, G.J.W. |
Title |
Stationary performance testing of stallions from the Dutch Warmblood riding horse population. 1. Estimated genetic parameters of scored traits and the genetic relation with dressage and jumping competition from offspring of breeding stallions |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Livestock Production Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
231-244 |
Keywords |
dressage; genetic parameters; horse; jumping; performance; stallion |
Abstract |
The stationary performance testing (SPT) of stallions as breeding candidates in the Dutch Warmblood riding horse population is evaluated. Genetic and phenotypic parameters of traits scored during SPT and the genetic correlation of these traits with performances in dressage and jumping competition from offspring of breeding stallions are estimated. Data from 1978-1988 are used, covering scores from 337 3-year-old stallions. Eight subjectively scored traits are considered. These traits are: walk; trot; canter; riding ability; show jumping; free jumping; cross country; character. SPT lasts for a period of 100 days. Data from SPT are analysed using an animal model. The relations between SPT of stallions and performances in jumping and dressage competition are analysed with an animal model for SPT data and a sire model for competition data. Variance and covariance components are estimated by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures. Estimates of heritability are high (0.64) for gaits and riding ability, intermediate (0.41) for cross country and medium-high (0.31) for jumping. Estimated genetic correlation between show jumping scored during SPT and jumping in competition from offspring of breeding stallions is 0.84; for dressage this relation is 0.83. Some possible bias due to selection and the subjectivity of scoring is discussed. It is indicated that selection on SPT of stallions before entering breeding service is an effective tool to breed for ability of performance in competition. |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3962 |
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Author |
Huizinga, H.A.; Korver, S.; van der Meij, G.J.W. |
Title |
Stationary performance testing of stallions from the Dutch Warmblood riding horse population. 2. Estimated heritabilities of and correlations between successive judgements of performance traits |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Livestock Production Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
245-254 |
Keywords |
dressage; genetic parameters; horse; jumping; performance; stallion |
Abstract |
The length of test period of stationary performance testing (SPT) of stallions of the Dutch Warmblood riding horse population is evaluated. Heritability of successive judgements of traits and the phenotypic and genetic relations between successive judgements are estimated. Data from 1983-1988 are used, covering scores from 206 mostly 3-year-old stallions. Ten subjectively scored traits are considered: walk, trot, canter, riding ability, jumping ability, free jumping, cross country, character, stable behaviour, training report. Traits are successively scored at about 25, 50, 80 and 100 days in SPT. Missing scores are predicted on basis of the available scores using multiple partial regression coefficients. Validity of this method is checked in an independent data set for walk, trot and canter. The correlations between predicted and realized scores average 0.74, 0.77 and 0.79 when first, first and second, and first, second and third judgements are available, respectively. Variance and covariance components are estimated by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures. Data from SPT are analysed using an animal model. Estimates of heritability are high and constant for gaits during the successive judgements. Except for stable behaviour estimates of heritability, the traits decrease slightly during the successive judgements. Estimates of the phenotypic and genetic correlations between successive judgements are high. It is concluded that length of SPT can be shortened and selection during SPT can be intensified. |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
3963 |
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Author |
Rudran, R. |
Title |
Adult male replacement in one-male troops of purple-faced langurs (Presbytis senex senex) and its effect on population structure |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1973 |
Publication |
Folia Primatologica; International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
Volume |
19 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
166-192 |
Keywords |
Age Factors; Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; *Haplorhini; Humans; Leadership; Male; Maternal Behavior; Population Density; Sex Factors; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance |
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0015-5713 |
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PMID:4201908 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4182 |
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Author |
Sone, K. |
Title |
[Apropos of 5 cases of so-called “delusions of cutaneous and intestinal infestation”--psychopathologic and neuropsychological considerations] |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Folia Psychiatrica et Neurologica Japonica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn |
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
37-55 |
Keywords |
Adult; Aged; Agnosia/complications; Attitude to Health; Delusions/complications/etiology/*psychology; Female; Humans; Intestines; Male; Middle Aged; Personality; Psychotherapy; *Sensation; Skin |
Abstract |
Five cases with so-called “Dermato- und Enterozoenwahn” are reported, and the following themes are analysed from the “multidimensional” point of view: 1) process to build the shape of the intruder which is bothering the patients, 2) behavior against the intruding small animal and attitude towards the therapeutist; their characteristic manner to make complaints, 3) premorbid personality and 4) physical findings. In regard to one of the formation types of this disease, we have postulated through the neuropsychological analysis of case 5 (somatoparaphrenic patient) that patients of the typical cases 1, 2 and 3 suffer from a special kind of agnosia (perturbation of recognition; disturbance of aperception) in which they take their abnormal body sensations for causing by the small imaginary animals. Our cases showed the importance of a premorbid personality and present life-situations in combination with physical dissolution taking part in the pathoplastic process of this particular disease. |
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German |
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Uber funf Falle von sogenanntem “Dermato- und Enterozoenwahn”--psychopathologische und neuropsychologische Betrachtungen |
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0015-5721 |
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PMID:6884912 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4187 |
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Author |
Bradley, B.L. |
Title |
Animal flavor types and their specific uses in compound feeds by species and age |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Fortschritte in der Tierphysiologie und Tierernahrung |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fortschr Tierphysiol Tierernahr |
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11 |
Pages |
110-122 |
Keywords |
Aging; *Animal Feed; Animals; Cattle; Energy Intake; *Flavoring Agents; Horses; Poultry; Smell; Species Specificity; Sweetening Agents; Swine; Taste |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0301-570X |
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PMID:7390352 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4314 |
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