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| Author |
Merl, S.; Scherzer, S.; Palme, R.; Möstl, E. |
| Title |
Pain causes increased concentrations of glucocorticoid metabolites in horse feces |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Equine Vet Sci |
| Volume |
20 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
586-590 |
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| Abstract |
The concentration of 11,17-dioxoandrostanes (11,17-DOA), a group of cortisol metabolites, was measured using enzyme immunoassay in fecal samples of horses experiencing painful episodes. One group of horses consisted of 10 stallions castrated (samples were collected daily for 10 days); the other group was made up of 29 horses which were brought to an animal hospital because of signs of colic (samples were collected twice daily for six days). Before castration, median concentrations of 10.5 nmol/kg feces were measured. On days 1 and 2 after castration, median 11,17-DOA values increased up to 26.2 and 50.0 nmol/kg feces, respectively, and decreased thereafter to levels lower than at the beginning of the sampling period. High variations were measured between individual cases of colic. In animals with colic, all horses excreted more than 33 nmol 11,17-DOA/kg feces for various periods. The highest concentration measured was 885 nmol/kg feces. One animal out of the 29 colic horses did not show any clinical signs of pain upon arrival in the hospital. The 11,17-DOA values were below 17 nmol/kg feces in all those samples. From this data we conclude, that the concentration of 11,17-DOA in feces is a parameter for painful situations that have occurred one or two days earlier. |
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0737-0806 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6047 |
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| Author |
Silanikove, N. |
| Title |
The physiological basis of adaptation in goats to harsh environments |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Small Rum Res |
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| Volume |
35 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Silanikove2000 |
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6255 |
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| Author |
Aldezabal, A.; Garin, I. |
| Title |
Browsing preference of feral goats (Capra hircus L.) in a Mediterranean mountain scrubland |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
J Arid Env |
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44 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Aldezabal2000 |
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6256 |
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McComb, K.; Moss, C.; Sayialel, S.; Baker, L. |
| Title |
Unusually extensive networks of vocal recognition in African elephants |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Anim Behav |
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59 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ McComb2000 |
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6281 |
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Baker, P.J.; Funk, S.M.; Harris, S.; White, P.C.L. |
| Title |
Flexible spatial organization of urban foxes, Vulpes vulpes, before and during an outbreak of sarcoptic mange |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
| Volume |
59 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
127-146 |
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The social and spatial organization of urban fox groups prior to and during an outbreak of sarcoptic mange was compared with predictions derived from the resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH). We investigated the availability of three key resources. Neither daytime rest sites nor breeding sites appeared to be limited in availability. The availability of food deliberately supplied by local householders was examined by questionnaire surveys. The daily and weekly amount of food supplied was greatly in excess of the minimum requirements of a pair of foxes, but was consistent between territories. The availability of this food source increased markedly as a result of more people feeding the foxes. In agreement with the RDH, group size prior to the outbreak of mange increased from 2.25 animals (N=4) to 6.57 animals (N=7). Before the outbreak of mange, two territories were divided. Increased scavenge availability on smaller territories may have promoted these changes. Excluding these spatial changes, territories were very stable between years. After the outbreak of mange, group size declined as a direct result of mange-induced mortality. Surviving animals increased their ranges only after neighbouring groups had died out. Ranges did not increase in size in response to a decline in food availability. Nor were the increases in range size associated with the relinquishment of parts of the existing territory. These postmange changes are contrary to the RDH. Three factors may have promoted these changes: the elimination of interstitial space, the forced dispersal of young or future division of the territory. |
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0003-3472 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6431 |
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| Author |
Houpt, K.; Marrow, M.; Seeliger, M. |
| Title |
A preliminary study of the effect of music on equine behavior |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
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| Volume |
20 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
691-737 |
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0737-0806 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6633 |
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| Author |
Miller, R.M. |
| Title |
The revolution in horsemanship |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Vet Med Assoc |
| Volume |
216 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1232-1233 |
| Keywords |
*Animal Welfare; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Bonding, Human-Pet; *Horses/psychology; Humans; *Physical Conditioning, Animal |
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0003-1488 |
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PMID:10767957 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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1925 |
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| Author |
Roels, S.; Tilmant, K.; Van Daele, A.; Van Marck, E.; Ducatelle, R. |
| Title |
Proliferation, DNA ploidy, p53 overexpression and nuclear DNA fragmentation in six equine melanocytic tumours |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series A |
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47 |
Issue |
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439-438 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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2016 |
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| Author |
Pichardo, M. |
| Title |
Valsequillo biostratigraphy. III: Equid ecospecies in Paleoindian sites |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Anthropologischer Anzeiger; Bericht Uber die Biologisch-Anthropologische Literatur |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anthropol Anz |
| Volume |
58 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
275-298 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Ecology; Horses/*classification; Mexico; *Paleodontology; Species Specificity |
| Abstract |
Greater precision in North American Pleistocene equid taxonomy makes it now possible to exploit the ubiquitous horse remains in Paleoindian sites as ecological index-fossils. The horses of Central Mexico and the Southern Plains can be sorted by tooth size alone, except for two rare large horses of the Southern Plains. The species endemic to these grasslands and south to Central Mexico are Equus pacificus (large), E. conversidens (small), E. francisci (smallest). The Southern Plains were also occupied by a specialized grazer E. excelsus (Burnet and Sandia caves) and E. occidentalis (Dry and Sandia caves). West of the Rocky Mountains E. occidentalis was dominant. East of the Mississippi River two woodland species are found: E. fraternus and E. littoralis. |
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0003-5548 |
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PMID:11082786 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2648 |
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| Author |
Kirkwood, J.K. |
| Title |
Animal minds and animal welfare |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
The Veterinary Record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
| Volume |
146 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
327 |
| Keywords |
*Animal Welfare; Animals; Animals, Domestic/*psychology; *Cognition; Consciousness; Veterinary Medicine/standards |
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English |
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0042-4900 |
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PMID:10766123 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2856 |
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