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Author Houpt, T.R.; Houpt, K.A.
Title Nitrogen conservation by ponies fed a low -protein ration Type Journal Article
Year 1971 Publication American journal of veterinary research Abbreviated Journal Am J Vet Res
Volume 32 Issue 4 Pages 579-588
Keywords Administration, Oral; Amino Acids/biosynthesis; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology; Body Weight/drug effects; Dietary Proteins/*pharmacology; Horses/*metabolism; Nitrogen/*metabolism; Urea/administration & dosage/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism; Water/metabolism
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ISSN 0002-9645 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:5110116 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 62
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Author Polley, L.
Title Strongylid parasites of horses: experimental ecology of the free-living stages on the Canadian prairie Type Journal Article
Year 1986 Publication American Journal of Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal Am J Vet Res
Volume 47 Issue 8 Pages 1686-1693
Keywords Animals; Canada; Ecology; Feces; Female; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology; Horses; Larva; Ovum/cytology; Seasons; Strongyloides/isolation & purification; Strongyloidiasis/epidemiology/*veterinary
Abstract Each month for a 1-year period (October through September), equine fecal masses containing eggs of strongylid nematodes were placed outdoors on small grass plots in Saskatchewan, Canada. Thereafter, feces and grass from the plots were sampled after intervals of 1 week or longer, and the strongylid eggs and larvae recovered were counted. These observations were made over a 2-year period. Development of eggs to infective larvae occurred in all experiments, except those established in October, December, and January. Infective larvae from experiments set up in April through September survived that winter. During the summer, there was a gradual build up of infective larvae in the fecal masses, which reached a peak in August and September and then decreased into the winter. These results are discussed in the context of the control of strongylid parasites of horses on the Canadian prairie and in other areas of the world with a similar climate and similar horse management practices.
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ISSN 0002-9645 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:3752676 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2682
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Author Parry, B.W.; Gay, C.C.; McCarthy, M.A.
Title Influence of head height on arterial blood pressure in standing horses Type Journal Article
Year 1980 Publication American Journal of Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal
Volume 41 Issue 10 Pages 1626-1631
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Notes Cited By (since 1996): 4; Export Date: 21 October 2008 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4539
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Author Keiper, R.; Houpt, K.
Title Reproduction in feral horses: an eight-year study Type Journal Article
Year 1984 Publication American journal of veterinary research Abbreviated Journal Am J Vet Res
Volume 45 Issue 5 Pages 991-995
Keywords Abortion, Veterinary/epidemiology; Anestrus; Animal Population Groups/*physiology; Animals; Animals, Wild/*physiology; Birth Rate; Female; Fertility; Horse Diseases/epidemiology; Horses/*physiology; Lactation; Male; Maryland; Pregnancy; *Reproduction; Seasons; Sex Ratio; Virginia
Abstract The reproductive rate and foal survival of the free-ranging ponies on Assateague Island National Seashore were studied for 8 years, 1975 to 1982. Most (52%) of the 86 foals were born in May, 13% were born in April, 22.6% in June, 10.4% in July, and less than 1% in August and September. The mean foaling rate was 57.1 +/- 3.9% and the survival rate was 88.3 +/- 3.6%. Forty-eight colts and 55 fillies were born (sex ratio 53% female). Mares less than 3 years old did not foal and the foaling rate of 3-year-old mares was only 23%, that of 4-year-old mares was 46%, that of 5-year-old mares was 53%, and 6-year-old mares was 69%. The relatively poor reproduction rate was believed to be a consequence of the stress of lactating while carrying a foal when forage quality on the island was low. The hypothesis was supported by the higher reproductive rate (74.4 +/- 2.4%) of the ponies in the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge on the southern part of the island. Their foals are weaned and sold in July each year. Despite the low reproductive rate on Assateague Island National Seashore , the number of ponies increased from 43 to 80, a 90% increase in the 8-year period or greater than 10%/yr. There were 24 deaths and 8 dispersals from the study area.
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ISSN 0002-9645 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:6732036 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 665
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Author Knill, L.M.; Eagleton, R.D.; Harver, E.
Title Physical optics of the equine eye Type Journal Article
Year 1977 Publication American Journal of Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal Am J Vet Res
Volume 38 Issue 6 Pages 735-737
Keywords visual system function; Ocular Physiology
Abstract The equine eye was treated as a general lens system and calculations were done to determine image position in relation to the retina for objects at a distance of infinity, 100 m, and 1 m. The retina is 19.1 mm behind the posterior surface of the lens; therefore, the image appears 14.6 mm posterior to the retina at infinity and at 100 m, and 16.3 mm at 1-m distance on a horizontal axis. The animals studied were hyperopic. It is evident that the horse must move its head or eye, or both, for optimal visual acuity. At the same time, some objects in the total field of vision are imperceptible or indistinct.
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ISSN 00029645 (Issn) ISBN Medium
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Notes Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 15 May 2007; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Knill, L.M. Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 852
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Author Spengler M.I.; Rasia M.
Title Influence of Plasma Proteins on Erythrocyte Aggregation in Three Mammalian Species Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Veterinary Research Communications Abbreviated Journal Vet.Res.Comm
Volume 25 Issue 7 Pages 591-599
Keywords albumin – bovine – equine – erythrocyte aggregation – dextran – haemorheology – human – plasma protein – polyvinylpyrrolidone
Abstract The aggregation capacity of human erythrocytes lies between that of the non-aggregating bovine erythrocytes and the remarkably aggregating equine ones. As the ability to aggregate is attributed to cell factors and the composition of the plasma proteins, the role that plasma proteins play in the aggregation process in these three species was studied. Washed erythrocytes were suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.4, 300 mOsm/L) plus polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in a suitable concentration to obtain an average intensity of aggregation (control media). The superimposed effect of replacing 80% of the medium by either autologous plasma, serum or albumin solution was studied. The plasma proteins appeared to enhance aggregation by human and equine erythrocytes, but impaired this process in bovine erythrocytes. Some evidence was obtained supporting the existence of serum factors capable of reducing aggregation of erythrocytes in cattle and it was concluded that the non-aggregating behaviour of bovine erythrocytes may be due to the cells interacting particularly with the macromolecules in the serum.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 2013
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Author Bottoms, G.D.; Roesel, O.F.; Rausch, F.D.; Akins, E.L.
Title Circadian variation in plasma cortisol and corticosterone in pigs and mares Type Journal Article
Year 1972 Publication American Journal of Veterinary Research Abbreviated Journal Am J Vet Res
Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 785-790
Keywords Animals; *Circadian Rhythm; Corticosterone/*blood; Female; Horses/*metabolism; Hydrocortisone/*blood; Methods; Swine/*metabolism; Time Factors
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Notes PMID:5017871 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4074
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Author Fazio, F.; Assenza, A.; Piccione, G.; Caola, G.
Title Periodic Monitoring of Some Physiological Parameters during Training in the Athletic Horse Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Veterinary Research Communications Abbreviated Journal
Volume 27 Issue Pages 595-598
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4384
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Author Fazio, E.; Ferlazzo, A.
Title Evaluation of Stress During Transport Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Veterinary Research Communications Abbreviated Journal
Volume 27 Issue Pages 519-524
Keywords hormones – physiological variables – stress – transport procedures
Abstract Domestic animals are transported for a variety of reasons including breeding, biomedical purposes, slaughter and, in the case of sporting horses, for competitions, pleasure activities or ceremonial proceedings. Studies to determine the amount of stress on farm animals during transport often have highly variable results and are difficult to interpret. The reaction of animals to stressors depends on the duration and intensity of the stressors, the animal's previous experience, its physiological status and the immediate environmental restraints. Behavioural, haematological, haematochemical, physiological and neuro-hormonal (ß-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, iodothyronines) variables are discussed on the basis of handling, loading and transport procedures of animals.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4391
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Author Flauger, B.; Krueger, K.; Gerhards, H.; Möstl, E.
Title Simplified method to measure glucocorticoid metabolites in faeces of horses Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Veterinary Research Communications Abbreviated Journal Vet Res Comm
Volume 34 Issue 2 Pages 185-195
Keywords ACTH challenge; enzyme immunoassay; stress behaviour; cortisol
Abstract Glucocorticoids or their metabolites can be measured in several body fluids or excreta, including plasma, saliva, urine and faeces. In recent years the measurement of glucocorticoid metabolites (GCMs) in faeces has gained increasing attention, because of its suitability for wild populations. In horses, however, the group-specific enzyme immunoassay described so far has a limited racticability due to its complex extraction procedure. Therefore, we tested the applicability of

other enzyme immunoassays for glucocorticoid metabolites. The present study clearly proved that an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for 11-oxoetiocholanolone using 11-oxoetiocholanolone-17-CMO: BSA (3α,11-oxo-A EIA) as antigen showed high amounts of immunoreactive substances. Therefore it was possible to use just a small amount of the supernatant of a methanolic suspension of faeces. The results

correlated well with the already described method for measuring GCMs in horse faeces, i.e. analysing the samples with an EIA after a two step clean up procedure of the samples (Merl et al. 2000). In addition, the 3α,11-oxo-A EIA has the advantage of providing a bigger difference between baseline values and peak values after ACTH stimulation. The new assay increased the accuracy of the test,

lowered the expenses per sample, and storing samples at room temperature after collection was less critical than with other assays investigated in our study. This is a big advantage both in the field of wildlife management of equids and in the field of equestrian sports and it shows the importance of choosing an assay which is in good accordance with the metabolites excreted in a given species.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5073
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