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Author Anderson, T.M.; McIlwraith, C.W.; Douay, P. url  openurl
  Title The role of conformation in musculoskeletal problems in the racing Thoroughbred Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 36 Issue 7 Pages 571-575  
  Keywords Animals; Carpus, Animal/anatomy & histology/physiology; Horse Diseases/etiology/*pathology/surgery; Horses/*anatomy & histology/injuries/physiology; Likelihood Functions; Logistic Models; Muscle, Skeletal/*anatomy & histology/pathology; Musculoskeletal Diseases/pathology/surgery/*veterinary; Tarsus, Animal/anatomy & histology/physiology; Treatment Outcome  
  Abstract (up) REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: The relationship of conformation to future potential injury is a standard approach in practise but, at present, is largely based on subjective observations. OBJECTIVE: To measure conformation in 3-year-old Thoroughbreds and objectively test its relationship with the occurrence of musculoskeletal problems. METHODS: Conformation measurements were taken from photographs using specific reference points marked on the horses and processed on the computer. Clinical observations were recorded for each horse on a regular basis. Stepwise (forward) logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the binary response of the clinical outcomes probability and the conformation variables by the method of maximum likelihood. RESULTS: Clinical outcomes significantly (P<0.05) associated with conformational variables included effusion of the front fetlock, effusion of the right carpus, effusion of the carpus, effusion of the hind fetlock, fracture of the left or right carpus, right front fetlock problem and hind fetlock problem. CONCLUSIONS: Offset knees (offset ratio) contributed to fetlock problems. Long pasterns increased the odds of a fracture in the front limb. An increase in the carpal angle as viewed from the front (carpal valgus) may serve as a protective mechanism, as the odds for a carpal fracture and carpal effusion decreased with an increase in the carpal angle. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: This study demonstrates relationships between conformation and musculoskeletal disease in the racehorse. The information may be useful in selection and management of the racing Thoroughbred.  
  Address Colorado State University, Equine Science and Equine Orthopaedic Research Programs, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:15581320 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3697  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Dyson, S.; Murray, R. openurl 
  Title Pain associated with the sacroiliac joint region: a clinical study of 74 horses Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 35 Issue 3 Pages 240-245  
  Keywords Age Factors; Analgesia/veterinary; Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology; Animals; Body Height; Body Weight; Breeding; Female; Forelimb; Gait; Hindlimb; Horse Diseases/*diagnosis/radionuclide imaging; Horses; Lameness, Animal/*physiopathology; Lumbar Vertebrae/physiopathology; Male; Pain/diagnosis/drug therapy/radionuclide imaging/*veterinary; Sacroiliac Joint/*physiopathology; Sacrum/physiopathology  
  Abstract (up) REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There has been no large study of horses with suspected sacroiliac (SI) joint region pain in which the clinical diagnosis has been supported by either abnormal radiopharmaceutical activity in the SI joint region or by periarticular infiltration of local anaesthetic solution. OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical features of horses with SI joint region pain, to document the age, breed, sex, discipline, size and conformation of affected horses and to compare these with the author's (SD) normal case population and to document the results of infiltration of local anaesthetic solution around the SI joint region. METHODS: Horses were selected for inclusion in the study based upon the exclusion of other causes of lameness or poor performance, together with clinical signs suggestive of SI joint pain and abnormal radiopharmaceutical activity in the SI joint region and/or a positive response to periarticular infiltration of local anaesthetic solution. RESULTS: Sacroiliac joint region disease was identified in 74 horses between November 1997 and March 2002. Dressage and showjumping horses appeared to be at particular risk (P < 0.001). Affected horses were generally slightly older than the normal clinic population (P < 0.0001), taller at the withers (P < 0.0001) and of greater bodyweight (P < 0.01). There was a significant effect of breed (P < 0.001), with a substantially higher proportion of Warmblood horses (51%) in the SI pain group compared to the normal clinic population (29%). There was no correlation between conformation and the presence of SI joint region pain. The tubera sacrale appeared grossly symmetrical in most (95%) horses. Poor development of the epaxial muscles in the thoracolumbar region and asymmetry of the hindquarter musculature were common. Twenty-six horses (35%) showed restricted flexibility of the thoracolumbar region and 10 (16%) had an exaggerated response to pressure applied over the tubera sacrale. Fourteen horses (19%) were reluctant to stand on one hindlimb for prolonged periods. The majority of horses (75%) had a straight hindlimb flight and only 18% moved closely behind or plaited. In all horses restricted hindlimb impulsion was the predominant feature; invariably this was most obvious when the horse was ridden. Stiffness, unwillingness to work on the bit and poor quality canter were common. Sacroiliac joint region pain was seen alone (47%), or in conjunction with thoracolumbar pain (16%), hindlimb lameness (20%), forelimb lameness (7%) or a combination of problems (10%). Seventy-three horses (99%) had abnormalities of the SI joint region identified using nuclear scintigraphy. Infiltration of local anaesthetic solution around the SI joint region produced profound improvement in gait in all 34 horses in which it was performed. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Careful clinical examination combined with scintigraphic evaluation of the SI joint region and local analgesia can enable a more definitive diagnosis of SI joint region pain than has previously been possible.  
  Address Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:12755425 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3723  
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Author Kristiansen, K.K.; Kold, S.E. openurl 
  Title Multivariable analysis of factors influencing outcome of 2 treatment protocols in 128 cases of horses responding positively to intra-articular analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 39 Issue 2 Pages 150-156  
  Keywords Analgesia/methods/*veterinary; Anesthesia, Local/methods/veterinary; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use; Female; Foot Diseases/drug therapy/prevention & control/*veterinary; Glycosaminoglycans/therapeutic use; Horse Diseases/*drug therapy/prevention & control; Horses; Injections, Intra-Articular/*veterinary; Joint Diseases/drug therapy/prevention & control/veterinary; Lameness, Animal/drug therapy/prevention & control; Male; Methylprednisolone/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use; Multivariate Analysis; Pain/prevention & control/veterinary; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; *Toe Joint/drug effects/pathology; Treatment Outcome  
  Abstract (up) REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There is limited knowledge available of factors influencing response to treatments of the DIP-joint in horses with lameness responding to diagnostic analgesia of the DIP-joint. For this reason a multivariable statistical analysis was performed. HYPOTHESIS: Horses with lameness reduced by > or = 75% 10 min after intra-articular analgesia of the DIP-joint, can be treated successfully by intra-articular medication of the joint. Multiple factors influence the response to treatment. METHODS: The study was performed retrospectively based on clinical records of horses treated with either polysulphated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) or methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) in the DIP-joint between January 1996 and January 2003. Information was collected from clinical records and from the owners of the horses via a detailed questionnaire, in which they described their perception of the outcome a minimum of one year after treatment. Allocation of the horses to the 2 treatment groups was done mainly because of a change in treatment policy. In Regime A all horses received 3 intra-articular injections of PSGAG approximately 8 days apart, whereas in Regime B all horses received a single intra-articular injection of MPA as a first treatment. If the horse did not improve sufficiently to return to work by 4 weeks, a series of 3 intra-articular PSGAG injections was administered. RESULTS: Of the horses receiving Regime A, 67% had a successful outcome, compared with 46% of the group receiving Regime B. A significantly better result was obtained in dressage horses than in jumping horses (eventing and showjumping). Other variables such as age, duration of lameness, distribution of lameness, degree of lameness, response to DIP-joint analgesia and radiographic observations were also associated with success of treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: There is a rationale for using either PSGAG or MPA intra-articularly in the treatment of lameness, reduced > or = 75% within 10 min of analgesia of the DIP-joint.  
  Address Willesley Equine Clinic Ltd., Tetbury, Gloucestershire, GL8 8QU UK  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:17378444 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3707  
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Author Jonsson, H.; Egenvall, A. openurl 
  Title Prevalence of gastric ulceration in Swedish Standardbreds in race training Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 209-213  
  Keywords Age Factors; Animal Feed; Animals; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gastric Mucosa/pathology; Gastroscopy/methods/veterinary; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology/etiology/pathology; Horses; Male; Physical Conditioning, Animal/*adverse effects; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Sports; Stomach Ulcer/epidemiology/etiology/pathology/*veterinary; Sweden/epidemiology  
  Abstract (up) REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There is little information about the prevalence of gastric ulcers in Standardbred trotters and potential correlations between ulcers and various traits, e.g. age, sex, performance, temperament and feeding regimens, need further elucidation. OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of ulcers in the gastric squamous mucosa of Swedish Standardbreds was estimated and the associations between ulcer score and age, sex, performance, temperament and feeding regimens were determined. METHODS: Eighty Swedish Standardbreds in active race training, trained by 9 different trainers, underwent gastroscopy. Information on age, gender, status of training, performance over the last 4 months compared with the trainer's expectations before that period, behaviour, eating habits, feed type, bedding type, time spent outdoors per day and medical treatment during the last month was collected. Gastroscopy was performed and lesions in the squamous gastric mucosa were scored from 0 to 4 (0 = no lesions; 4 = > 5 lesions with haemorrhage, > 10 lesions with no haemorrhage, or a large area of diffuse loss of surface epithelium). RESULTS: Twenty-four (30%) of the horses had no lesions in the squamous mucosa, 22 (27.5%) had a score of 1; 21 (26.2%) score 2; 9 (11.2%) score 3; and 4 (5%) score 4. Horses that were in preparatory training and those that had raced during the last month were significantly more affected than horses that were fit for racing but had not raced during the last month, using a logistic regression model with trainer incorporated as a random effect. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirmed a high prevalence of ulcers in the gastric squamous mucosa of Standardbreds in race training. Of the studied parameters only status of training showed a significant association with gastric ulcers of the squamous mucosa. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Gastric ulceration is a common disease and diagnosis should be made by endoscopic examination of the gastric mucosa, since parameters such as age, gender, performance, behaviour, eating habits provide only weak clues as to which horses might be affected. Further studies are needed to determine the aetiology of the syndrome and to find ways to reduce, if possible, the frequency of gastric ulcers.  
  Address ATG:s Hastsjukhus Farjestad, Norra Infarten 82, SE-654 65 Karlstad, Sweden  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16706273 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1870  
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Author Senior, J.M.; Pinchbeck, G.L.; Allister, R.; Dugdale, A.H.A.; Clark, L.; Clutton, R.E.; Coumbe, K.; Dyson, S.; Clegg, P.D. openurl 
  Title Post anaesthetic colic in horses: a preventable complication? Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 38 Issue 5 Pages 479-484  
  Keywords Anesthesia/adverse effects/*veterinary; Animals; Case-Control Studies; Colic/chemically induced/epidemiology/prevention & control/*veterinary; Confidence Intervals; Fasting; Fecal Impaction/complications/epidemiology/veterinary; Horse Diseases/chemically induced/*epidemiology/prevention & control; Horses; Logistic Models; Multivariate Analysis; Odds Ratio; Postoperative Complications/chemically induced/epidemiology/prevention & control/*veterinary; Predictive Value of Tests; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors  
  Abstract (up) REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: There is little information on the prevalence of, and risk factors associated with, post anaesthetic colic (PAC) in horses undergoing nonabdominal operations. OBJECTIVES: To undertake the first prospective study of prevalence of PAC and identify risk factors in its development in nonabdominal procedures. METHODS: A multicentre prospective case-control study was conducted, on every horse undergoing anaesthesia for a nonabdominal procedure between April 2004 and June 2005. Colic cases were defined as any horse with recognised signs of abdominal pain within 72 h of general anaesthesia that could not be attributed to any concurrent disease. Five control horses per case were selected randomly from the study population at all hospitals. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between predictor variables and the risk of developing PAC. RESULTS: The estimated mean prevalence of PAC in the study population was 5.2% (95% CI, 2.8, 8.0). However, the prevalence of colic varied between each centre. The most commonly diagnosed cause of colic was impaction. Multivariable analyses showed that the centre involved and the type of surgery performed were associated with an increased risk of PAC. Preoperative food deprivation and the use of opioid drugs were confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of PAC varied significantly between the 4 hospitals studied; there may be hospital-related covariates that account for this. The type of surgery performed influenced the risk of PAC. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Identifying the risk factors for PAC is a prerequisite for its prevention. This study indicates horses at increased risk of PAC that might benefit from a more critical evaluation of post anaesthetic gastrointestinal function and/or the provision of preventative measures. Further investigation is required to explain the variation in prevalence of PAC between centres.  
  Address Institutes of Evolution, Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, UK  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:16986610 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1860  
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Author Boucher, J.M.; Hanosset, R.; Augot, D.; Bart, J.M.; Morand, M.; Piarroux, R.; Pozet-Bouhier, F.; Losson, B.; Cliquet, F. doi  openurl
  Title Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in wild boars in France using PCR techniques against larval form Type Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Veterinary Parasitology Abbreviated Journal Vet Parasitol  
  Volume 129 Issue 3-4 Pages 259-266  
  Keywords Animals; Base Sequence; DNA, Helminth/chemistry/genetics; Echinococcosis/parasitology/pathology/*veterinary; Echinococcus multilocularis/*isolation & purification; Electron Transport Complex IV/chemistry/genetics; France; Histocytochemistry/veterinary; Liver/parasitology/pathology; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary; Sequence Alignment; Sus scrofa/*parasitology; Swine Diseases/*parasitology/pathology  
  Abstract (up) Recently, new data have been collected on the distribution and ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis in European countries. Different ungulates species such as pig, goat, sheep, cattle and horse are known to host incomplete development of larval E. multilocularis. We report a case of E. multilocularis portage in two wild boars from a high endemic area in France (Department of Jura). Histological examination was performed and the DNA was isolated from hepatic lesions then amplified by using three PCR methods in two distinct institutes. Molecular characterisation of PCR products revealed 99% nucleotide sequence homology with the specific sequence of the U1 sn RNA gene of E. multilocularis, 99 and 99.9% nucleotide sequence homology with the specific sequence of the cytochrome oxydase gene of Echinococcus genus and 99.9% nucleotide sequence homology with a genomic DNA sequence of Echinococcus genus for the first and the second wild boar, respectively.  
  Address AFSSA Nancy, Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches sur la Rage et la Pathologie des Animaux Sauvages, Domaine de Pixerecourt-B.P. 9, Malzeville F 54220, France  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0304-4017 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:15845281 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2629  
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Author Golland, L.C.; Evans, D.L.; McGowan, C.M.; Hodgson, D.R.; Rose, R.J. openurl 
  Title The effects of overtraining on blood volumes in standardbred racehorses Type Journal Article
  Year 2003 Publication Veterinary Journal (London, England : 1997) Abbreviated Journal Vet J  
  Volume 165 Issue 3 Pages 228-233  
  Keywords Animals; *Blood Volume; Erythrocytes/*physiology; Hematocrit/veterinary; Horse Diseases/etiology/*physiopathology; Horses; Male; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; Physical Endurance  
  Abstract (up) Red blood cell hypervolaemia has been used for diagnosis of overtraining in racehorses, and has been suggested as a mechanism of this cause of loss of racing performance. The effects of overload training (OLT) on the plasma, blood and red cell volumes were investigated in a prospective study in 12 Standardbred horses. Measurements of blood volumes were made after eight and 32 weeks of an exercise training study. Horses were randomly allocated to OLT and control groups (n=6) after 16 weeks of training. Training duration and intensity were increased more rapidly for the OLT group from week 16, until overtraining was diagnosed in week 32.There were no significant effects of OLT on plasma, blood or total red cell volumes between weeks eight and 32. These volumes significantly decreased with time. Maximal haematocrit after exercise was lower (P<0.05) in the OT group in week 32 (0.57+/-0.003% L/L) than in week eight (0.59+/-0.004 L/L). It was concluded that red cell hypervolaemia was not a mechanism for the decrease in capacity for exercise that occurs with overtraining.  
  Address Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1090-0233 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:12672368 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4045  
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Author Hardy, J.L. openurl 
  Title The ecology of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in the Central Valley of California, 1945-1985 Type Journal Article
  Year 1987 Publication The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Abbreviated Journal Am J Trop Med Hyg  
  Volume 37 Issue 3 Suppl Pages 18s-32s  
  Keywords Aedes/microbiology; Animals; Birds; California; Culex/microbiology; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/*physiology; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/*history/microbiology/transmission/veterinary; History, 20th Century; Horse Diseases/history/transmission; Horses; Humans; Insect Vectors/microbiology; Mammals  
  Abstract (up) Reeves' concept of the summer transmission cycle of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in 1945 was that the virus was amplified in a silent transmission cycle involving mosquitoes, domestic chickens, and possibly wild birds, from which it could be transmitted tangentially to and cause disease in human and equine populations. Extensive field and laboratory studies done since 1945 in the Central Valley of California have more clearly defined the specific invertebrate and vertebrate hosts involved in the basic virus transmission cycle, but the overall concept remains unchanged. The basic transmission cycle involves Culex tarsalis as the primary vector mosquito species and house finches and house sparrows as the primary amplifying hosts. Secondary amplifying hosts, upon which Cx. tarsalis frequently feeds, include other passerine species, chickens, and possibly pheasants in areas where they are abundant. Another transmission cycle that most likely is initiated from the Cx. tarsalis-wild bird cycle involves Aedes melanimon and the blacktail jackrabbit. Like humans and horses, California ground squirrels, western tree squirrels, and a few other wild mammal species become infected tangentially with the virus but do not contribute significantly to virus amplification.  
  Address Department of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0002-9637 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:3318522 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2677  
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Author Budras, K.D.; Scheibe, K.; Patan, B.; Streich, W.J.; Kim, K. openurl 
  Title Laminitis in Przewalski horses kept in a semireserve Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Journal of Veterinary Science (Suwon-si, Korea) Abbreviated Journal J Vet Sci  
  Volume 2 Issue 1 Pages 1-7  
  Keywords Animals; Animals, Domestic; Animals, Wild; Body Weight; Climate; Geography; Horse Diseases/*epidemiology; Horses; Korea/epidemiology; Lameness, Animal/*epidemiology  
  Abstract (up) Semireserves were created by the European Conservation Project for scientific research in preparation for reintroduction in the wilderness. They are defined as enclosures large enough to carry a group of Przewalski horses throughout the year without any additional feeding. The semireserve offers diverse opportunities for significant scientific research. As part of a general screening program, the hoof development in a group of Przewalski horses was investigated in the semireserve Schorfheide near Berlin. Since the foundation of this semireserve in 1992, veterinary treatment was not necessary with the exception of hoof trimming in two animals in 1993. However, major health problems were encountered in the spring of 1999, when three other mares showed signs of laminitis. The initial diagnosis by the authors and the local veterinary surgeon based on observation of behaviour, gait, stance, walk and trot of three mares whose initial weights were higher than those of the healthy mares. The initial diagnosis was confirmed by palpation and the occurrence of very deep horn rings on all hooves and a laminitic horn ring on the right front hoof of one mare. An adequate laminitic therapy was not possible under the conditions of a semireserve. The applied management aimed at two goals: 1. To reduce endotoxin production and acidosis in the horses by reducing the ingestion of carbohydrate rich food. 2. To reduce the mares level of activity and to prevent tearing of the suspensory apparatus of the coffin bone. To achieve these two goals it was decided to remove the three laminitic mares from the rich pasture in the main part of the semireserve and to confine them onto the poorer pasture of the small separately fenced area. All three affected mares had fully recovered from their laminitic condition. Prevention of grass laminitis can be achieved by the following measures: 1. Reduction in grass intake could be achieved by increasing the grazing pressure by an increase in stocking rate of the horses or mixed grazing with another species such as sheep. 2. A longer term solution to the problem may well be to sow specific varieties of grass with lower concentrations of water soluble carbohydrate.  
  Address Institute of Veterinary Anatomy of the Free University of Berlin, Berlin 33, Germany. budras@vetmed.fu-berlin.de  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1229-845X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:14614287 Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1905  
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Author Madigan, J.E.; Kortz, G.; Murphy, C.; Rodger, L. openurl 
  Title Photic headshaking in the horse: 7 cases Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Equine Vet J  
  Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 306-311  
  Keywords Animals; Anti-Allergic Agents/therapeutic use; *Behavior, Animal; Cyproheptadine/therapeutic use; Female; *Head; Horse Diseases/drug therapy/*etiology; Horses; Light/*adverse effects; Male; Movement Disorders/drug therapy/etiology/*veterinary  
  Abstract (up) Seven horses with headshaking are described. No physical abnormalities were detected in any of the cases. Six of these horses had onset of clinical signs in the spring. The role of light was assessed by application of a blindfold or dark grey lens to the eyes, covering the eyes with a face mask and observing the horse in total darkness outdoors. Cessation of headshaking was observed with blindfolding (5/5 horses), night darkness outdoors (4/4 horses) and use of grey lenses (2/3 horses). Outdoor behaviour suggested efforts to avoid light in 4/4 cases. The photic sneeze in man is suggested as a putative mechanism for equine headshaking. Five of 7 horses had improvement with cyproheptadine treatment (0.3 mg/kg bwt b.i.d.). Headshaking developed within 2 calendar weeks of the same date for 3 consecutive years in one horse. Neuropharmacological alterations associated with photoperiod mechanisms leading to optic trigeminal summation are suggested as possible reasons for spring onset of headshaking.  
  Address Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis 95616-8737, USA  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0425-1644 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8536668 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1940  
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