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| Author |
Llusia, D.; Márquez, R.; Beltrán, J.F. |
| Title |
Non-Selective and Time-Dependent Behavioural Responses of Common Toads (Bufo bufo) to Predator Acoustic Cues |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
| Volume |
116 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1146-1154 |
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Abstract  |
Abstract Acoustic predator recognition has rarely been studied in anurans, in spite of the fact that hearing is widespread in these animals and that it has been demonstrated to play an important role in both arthropods and other vertebrates. Using field playback experiments, we tested the hypothesis that adult common toads (Bufo bufo) are capable of recognizing natural vocalizations of a common predator, the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), and show antipredator responses. We found that toads exposed to both natural (two types of otter sounds) and synthetic stimuli [white noise (WN) and otter sound-based amplitude modulated WN] increased time allocated to locomotion and escape behaviour. These responses were correlated with time elapsed from sunset to the onset of testing and were independent from the type of acoustic signal, toad features and other environmental factors monitored. We conclude that B. bufo has not developed a selective recognition of predator vocalizations, suggesting that low-frequency or seismic sounds associated with predator movements may provide anurans with better cues about an approaching risk. We propose that the time-dependent response to acoustic stimuli of common toads represents a case of threat-sensitivity and demonstrates that it can occur even when the response to the threat is not predator specific. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1439-0310 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5282 |
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| Author |
Noë, R.; van Schaik, C.P.; van Hooff, J.A.R.A.M. |
| Title |
The Market Effect: an Explanation for Pay-off Asymmetries among Collaborating Animals |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
| Volume |
87 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
97-118 |
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| Abstract |
Abstract * 1Animals can derive leverage over others from (a) resource holding power, based for instance on fighting ability or dominance, and (b) the possession of commodities, such as special skills and resources that cannot be taken away by force. * 2We contend that power based on the possession of commodities strongly depends on the level of supply and demand for that commodity, a phenomenon we call the ‘market effect’. * 3Several theoretical and empirical examples are given of social systems in which animals belong to two distinct classes that offer two different kinds of commodities. * 4The relative frequency of occurrence of the two classes is shown to determine the relative power of their members. * 5We consider the theoretical properties of bargaining processes by which relative power is converted into corresponding pay-off distributions. * 6We propose coalition games, a class of games with more than two players and in which bargaining is possible, as suitable paradigms for collaboration among members of social units. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1439-0310 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5413 |
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| Author |
Roth II,T.C.; Cox, J.G.; Lima, S.L. |
| Title |
The Use and Transfer of Information About Predation Risk in Flocks of Wintering Finches |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
| Volume |
114 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1218 - 1226 |
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ABSTRACT
Several studies in behavior have focused in some way on how groups of prey gather and use information about predation risk. Although asymmetries in information about risk exist among members of real groups, we know little about how such uneven information might affect individual or group antipredator decisions. Hence, we studied the use and transfer of information about the risk of predation in small flocks of wintering birds. House finches (Carpodacus mexicanus; 28 groups of three) were held in large enclosures divided into safe and risky patches. We controlled the information about risk available to each individual by conducting attacks with a model hawk that was visible to only a single (informed) bird. Repeated attacks on a single individual did not reduce the amount of feeding by other birds in that patch, although the time to resume feeding after observing a response to an attack event was somewhat longer than after a no attack event. These results suggest that informed individuals impart some information to naive (uninformed) birds, but this effect was not strong. In fact, the frequent return of informed individuals to feeders after observing uninformed individuals feed suggests that finches relied more on public information regarding safety than their own personal information in deciding when to feed. Group patch choice appeared to be based on a majority-rules decision, although an effect of dominance status was apparent. Our results suggest that subordinate flock members may exert a large influence over group decision-making by acting as spatial 'anchors'. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4704 |
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| Author |
Fraser, N.O.; Schino,G.; Aureli, F.F |
| Title |
Components of Relationship Quality in Chimpanzees |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
| Volume |
114 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
834-843 |
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| Abstract |
A novel approach to studying social relationships in captive adult chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) was taken by using principal components analysis (PCA) to extract three key components of relationship quality from nine behavioural variables. Based on the loadings of the behavioural variables, the components appeared to match previously hypothesized critical aspects of social relationships and were therefore labelled Value, Compatibility and Security. The effects of kinship, sex combination, age difference and time spent together on each of the relationship quality components were analysed. As expected, kin were found to have more valuable, compatible and secure relationships than non-kin. Female2013female dyads were found to be more compatible than male2013male or mixed-sex dyads, whereas the latter were found to be most secure. Partners of a similar age were found to have more secure and more valuable relationships than those with a larger age gap. Individuals that were together in the group for longer were more valuable and more compatible, but their relationships were found to be less secure than individuals that were together in the group for a shorter time. Although some of the results may be unexpected based on chimpanzee socio-ecology, they fit well overall with the history and social dynamics of the study group. The methods used confer a significant advantage in producing quantitative composite measures of each component of relationship quality, obtained in an objective manner. These findings therefore promote the use of such measures in future studies requiring an assessment of the qualities of dyadic social relationships. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4936 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein D. I., |
| Title |
Reproductive value and behavioral strategies: coming of age in monkeys and horses |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Perspectives in Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Perspect Ethol |
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5 |
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469-487 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1525 |
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Podos, J. |
| Title |
Early perspectives on the evolution of behavior: Charles Otis Whitman and Oskar Heinroth |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1964 |
Publication |
Ethology Ecology & Evolution (EEE) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethol Ecol Evol |
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6 |
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4 |
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467-480 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2293 |
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Rendall, D. |
| Title |
Review of Machiavellian Intelligence II: Extensions and Evaluations |
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Journal Article |
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1999 |
Publication |
Ethology |
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Ethology |
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105 |
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2 |
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178-182 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3998 |
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Kasuya,Eiiti |
| Title |
A randomization test for linearity of dominance hierarchies |
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Journal Article |
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1995 |
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Journal of Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Ethol. |
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13 |
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1 |
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137-140 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4288 |
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Hinz, K.; Sennet, S.; Maros, K.; Krueger, K. |
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Waiting behaviour in front of a computerized feeding system in an active stable – Effects on heart rate, heart rate variability and sensory laterality in horses |
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Book Chapter |
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2015 |
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Current research in applied ethology [Aktuelle Arbeiten zur artgemäßen Tierhaltung |
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computerized feeding, waiting situation, stress, horse |
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KTBL-Schrift 510 |
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Darmstadt |
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978-3-945088-13-5 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5927 |
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| Author |
Dochtermann, N.A.; Jenkins, S.H. |
| Title |
Multivariate Methods and Small Sample Sizes |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
| Volume |
117 |
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2 |
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95-101 |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5288 |
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