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| Author | Kornblith, H. | ||||
| Title | Knowledge and its Place in Nature | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal  |
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| Keywords | animals; cognitive ethology; conceptual analysis; epistemology; Hilary Kornblith; knowledge; natural kind; naturalistic epistemology; normativity; philosophy | ||||
| Abstract | Argues that conceptual analysis should be rejected in favour of a more naturalistic approach to epistemology. There is a robust natural phenomenon of knowledge; knowledge is a natural kind. An examination of the cognitive ethology literature reveals a category of knowledge that does both causal and explanatory work. It is argued that knowledge in this very sense is what philosophers have been talking about all along. Rival accounts of knowledge that are more demanding—requiring either that certain social conditions be met or that an agent engage in some sort of reflection—are discussed in detail, and it is argued that they are inadequate to the phenomenon. In addition, it is argued that the account of knowledge that emerges from the cognitive ethology literature can provide an explanation of the normative force of epistemic claims. | ||||
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| Publisher | Oxford University Press | Place of Publication | Oxford | Editor | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 9780199246311 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4413 | ||
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| Author | Koolhaas, J.M.; Korte, S.M.; De Boer, S.F.; Van Der Vegt, B.J.; Van Reenen, C.G.; Hopster, H.; De Jong, I.C.; Ruis, M.A.W.; Blokhuis, H.J. | ||||
| Title | Coping styles in animals: current status in behavior and stress-physiology | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 23 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 925-935 |
| Keywords | Coping; Aggression; Stress; Disease; Corticosterone | ||||
| Abstract | This paper summarizes the current views on coping styles as a useful concept in understanding individual adaptive capacity and vulnerability to stress-related disease. Studies in feral populations indicate the existence of a proactive and a reactive coping style. These coping styles seem to play a role in the population ecology of the species. Despite domestication, genetic selection and inbreeding, the same coping styles can, to some extent, also be observed in laboratory and farm animals. Coping styles are characterized by consistent behavioral and neuroendocrine characteristics, some of which seem to be causally linked to each other. Evidence is accumulating that the two coping styles might explain a differential vulnerability to stress mediated disease due to the differential adaptive value of the two coping styles and the accompanying neuroendocrine differentiation. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4416 | ||
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| Author | Moss, C.J.; Poole, J.H. | ||||
| Title | Relationships and social structure in African elephants. | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 1983 | Publication | Primate social relationships: an integrated approach. | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Publisher | Blackwell Science Ltd | Place of Publication | Editor | Hinde, R.A. | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-0632009992 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4426 | ||
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| Author | Karstens, H. | ||||
| Title | Das Military Pferd | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1980 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Publisher | Haberbeck | Place of Publication | Lage | Editor | |
| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4436 | ||
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| Author | Marees, H. de | ||||
| Title | Sportphysiologie. | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | Publication | Medizin von heute 10. | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Publisher | Tropon | Place of Publication | Köln | Editor | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4443 | ||
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| Author | Müller-Wohlfahrt, H.W.; Kübler,U.; Müller- Wohlfahrt, H. W. | ||||
| Title | Hundert Prozent fit und gesund. Das Geheimnis des gesunden Menschen. | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Publisher | Heyne | Place of Publication | München | Editor | |
| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 9783453132733 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4446 | ||
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| Author | Stashak, T. S.; Wissdorf, H. | ||||
| Title | Adams' Lahmheit bei Pferden | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Keywords | Pferd / Anatomie, Krankheiten, Heilkunde | Innere Krankheit (Tier) | Krankheit / Tierkrankheit | Pathologie (der Tiere) ( Tierkrankheit ) | Pathologie (der Tiere) / Tierkrankheit | Tierkrankheit – Pathologie (der Tiere) | ||||
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| Publisher | Schaper M. & H | Place of Publication | Hannover | Editor | |
| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 3794402197 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4447 | ||
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| Author | Kuhne, F.; Struwe, R.; Balzer, H.U. | ||||
| Title | A new, non-invasive method to assess specific strain in horses | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | IESM 2008 | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Abstract | Horses" reactions to normal environmental and training situations play an important role the human-horse relationship. These demands on horses can either lead some individuals to withdrawal, immobility or aggressive defence. However, the reaction to such situations varies greatly among horses, which is reflected in individual differences in sympathetic, parasympathetic and muscular reactivity. The observable behavioural responses of the horses seem to be qualitatively related to the internal state of physiological arousal. In future it should be possible to identify behavioural signs which really do reflect internal states of the autonomic nervous system to provide general advice concerning human handling and training in view of reducing stress in horses. For these purposes, we have determined responses of the vegetative nervous system based on variation in skin potential, skin resistance and electromyogram using non-invasive real-time measurements. All these parameters can be measured by a SMARD-Watch-System (System of non-invasive Measurement and Analysis for Regulatory Diagnostics), which can be externally attached to the horses using a harness. The physiological data will assess using a time series analysis. Thereby the changes in the regulatory processes in each of the three physiological systems can be determined in detail. Based on this analysis characteristic behaviour patterns will be analysed by the variability of the regulatory processes. According to temporary shifts in regulatory processes, stable and unstable regulation states will be determined. Depending on the proportions of unstable regulation processes during and after external threat, four types of regulation can be defined: the Control, Cope, Compensate and Non-cope- type. Defined time-windows, for example a ten minutes lasting pre- and post-test phase and a ten or twenty minutes lasting time-window for the execution of the specific stimulus have to be chosen to decide these regulation types. These four regulation types and the preferred individual behaviour strategies have to be compared to evaluate the relative frequency of occurrence of a behaviour strategy depending on responses of the vegetative nervous system. In view of validating behavioural indicators of emotional reactivity, the aim of this new method is to characterize individual differences in the behavioural and physiological responses of horses to normal environmental and training stimuli. Evidence is provided by human and animal data that the non-invasive real-time measurement of the vegetative nervous system based on variation in skin potential, skin resistance etc. is a promising approach for evaluating stress and emotional states in vertebrates. It will be explained that the chronobiological evaluation of physiological parameters has the potential to contribute much to our understanding and assessment of the underlying physiological processes of stress responses in horses. |
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| Address | Division of Animal Welfare and Ethology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany | ||||
| Corporate Author | Kuhne, F. | Thesis | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | IESM 2008 | ||
| Notes | Talk 15 min IESM 2008 | Approved | yes | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4465 | ||
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| Author | Toewe,B.; Fey, K.; Würbel, H. | ||||
| Title | Effect of an omeprazole (GastroGard) treatment on cribbiting in horses suffering from gastric ulceration | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | IESM 2008 | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Abstract | Cribbiting is a common stereotypy in domestic horses and is associated with stress and low fibre/high concentrate diets, which are known to cause gastric inflammation and ulceration. Recent studies indicate that antacid supplements can reduce both gastric inflammation and cribbiting. However, stereotypies are also associated with altered brain functions and these are thought to be responsible for emancipation. Emancipation refers to a process by which stereotypies become increasingly independent of the causal factors and may therefore persist with age, regardless of the conditions. Emancipation complicates therapy and points to the importance of prevention. To further examine the relationship between gastric health and cribbiting and its relation to age at onset, we examined the effect of the proton-pump inhibitor omeprazole (GastroGard, Merial) on gastric inflammation/ulceration and on cribbiting in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Thirty-one horses of different sex, breed and age were randomly allocated to treatment and placebo and divided into three groups depending on age: 0-5 years (n=11), 5-10 years (n=11) and >10 years (n=9), whereby age at onset of cribbiting was ≤ 5 years for all horses. Treatment and placebo were administered orally by syringe once every day for 28 days by the horse owners. Treatment consisted of 4mg/kg omeprazole for the first four days and 1mg/kg for the following 24days. Using scan sampling and behaviour sampling, general activity and the number of crib-bites were assessed in the home pens one day before and one day between day 21 and 28 of treatment. Observations were made for three hours each around morning and evening feeding times, respectively. Prior to pre-treatment observations and after post-treatment observations, the horses were transported to the clinic and endoscoped for signs of inflammation and ulceration in the oesophagus, the squamous area, the glandular area and the first part of the duodenum using a common scoring system (Andrews et al. 1999). All 31 horses showed signs of gastric inflammation/ulceration which decreased significantly from a median score of 1,2 to 0,6 in the treatment group (Wilcoxon signed rank test, z=-3,186, p=0,001), while there was no change in the placebo group (z=-0,577, p=1.0). However, there was no significant difference in cribbiting before and after treatment, neither in the treatment group (z=-1,834, p=0,068), nor in the placebo group (z=-0,415, p=0,734). Moreover, there were no significant effects of age on gastric inflammation/ulceration (2-way ANOVA, F=1,112, p=0,345) or cribbiting (F=1,113, p=0,344). These results contrast with the recent studies on the effects of antacids on gastric health and cribbiting. There are two possible explanations for this: First, cribbiting may become rapidly established and may thus have persisted even in the youngest age group. Second, omeprazole acts specifically by reducing gastric acid secretion into stomach, while antacids may also have an effect on the intestine. However, these results shed doubts on the hypothesis that cribbiting is caused by gastric inflammation/ulceration. |
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| Address | Division of Animal Welfare and Ethology, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Germany | ||||
| Corporate Author | Toewe,B. | Thesis | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | IESM 2008 | ||
| Notes | Poster IESM 2008 | Approved | yes | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4466 | ||
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| Author | Zeitler-Feicht, M. H.; Buschmann, S. | ||||
| Title | Investigation on standing stalls for horses with regard to animal welfare | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | IESM 2008 | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Abstract | The aim of the present study was to test housing conditions of horses (65 horses) in standing stalls (13 farms) with regard to animal welfare. Further behavioural observations were made on 39 horses. 52 horses stabled in 3 farms housed under natural conditions provided as a basis for sampling. There were exclusively saddle horses as well as breeding horses present. The results of stabling conditions showed that most of the standing stalls fell short of the minimum requirements. 68% of standing stalls were too narrow, 38% not long enough and 28% of the tieing up systems were too short. Important behaviour patterns of social, recumbence resting, grooming and investigation behaviour, especially movement was extremely reduced in the standing stalls. 70% of the horses had no regular everyday lokomotion. A great part of the horses (51%) showed stereotypies. Half of these horses showed more than one stereotypy. The conclusion of the present study is: The standing stalls for horses do not take in account to the animal needs under present conditions in Germany. The research resulted in a ban of continuous “roped husbandry” of horses, in most Bundesländer in Germany. Adjacent countries, such as Austria and Switzerland implemented expressly in their animal rights bill (2006) and animal rights regulation (2008) a ban of continuous “roped husbandry” of horses. It is hoped that other nations will follow. |
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| Address | Lehrstuhl für Ökologischen Landbau, AG Ethologie, Tierhaltung und Tierschutz, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan der Technischen Universität München | ||||
| Corporate Author | Zeitler-Feicht, M. H. | Thesis | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | IESM 2008 | ||
| Notes | Poster IESM 2008 | Approved | yes | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4473 | ||
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