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Author |
Nitschelm D, H.V.D.C. |
Title |
The influence of chlormadinone acetate treatment on the concentration of some stereoids in the blood, on the ovarian activity and on.. |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1977 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Tijdschr Diergeneesk |
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102 |
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861-872 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1419 |
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Author |
Nitschelm D, H.V.D.C. |
Title |
The influence of chlormadinone acetate treatment on the concentration of some stereoids in the blood, on the ovarian activity, and on the sexual behaviour of the.. |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1977 |
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Tijdschr Diergeneesk |
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102 |
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61-872 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1420 |
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Author |
Lachmann M.; Bergstrom C.T. |
Title |
Signalling among Relatives II. Beyond the Tower of Babel |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Theoretical Population Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Theor. Pop. Biol. |
Volume |
54 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
146-160 |
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Abstract |
Models of costly signalling are commonly employed in evolutionary biology in order to explain how honest communication between individuals with conflicting interests can be stable. These models have focused primarily on a single type of honest signalling equilibrium, the separating equilibrium in which any two different signallers send distinct signals, thereby providing signal receivers with complete information. In this paper, we demonstrate that in signalling among relatives (modelled using the Sir Philip Sidney game), there is not one but a large number of possible signalling equilibria, most of which are pooling equilibria in which different types of signallers may share a common signal. We prove that in a general Sir Philip Sidney game, any partition of signallers into equi-signalling classes can have a stable signalling equilibrium if and only if it is a contiguous partition, and provide examples of such partitions. A similar (but slightly stricter) condition is shown to hold when signals are transmitted through a medium with signalling error. These results suggest a solution to a problem faced by previous signalling theory models: when we consider the separating equilibrium, signal cost is independent of the frequency of individuals sending that signal and, consequently, even very rare signaller types can drastically affect signal cost. Here, we show that by allowing these rare signallers to pool with more common signallers, signal cost can be greatly reduced. Copyright 1998 Academic Press. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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560 |
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Feh, C. |
Title |
Relationships and Communication in Socially Natural Horse Herds |
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Book Chapter |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
The domestic horse : the origins, development, and management of its behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
The domestic horse : the origins, development, and management of its behaviour |
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Horses are quite unique. In most mammals, sexes segregate and maintain bonds only during the breeding season (Clutton-Brock, 1989). Some canids, a few rodents and primate species such as gorillas, hamadryas baboons and red howler monkeys are the exception, where the same males stay with the same females all year round and over many breeding seasons. Typically, both sexes disperse at puberty in these species. In horses, it was clearly shown that the causes for female dispersal were incest avoidance and not intra-specific competition (Monard, 1996). As a rule, this is confirmed for mammal species where tenure length by males exceeds the age at first reproduction in females (Clutton-Brock, 1989). When horses are allowed to choose their mating partner freely, the inbreeding coefficient of the offspring is lower than expected should they mate randomly (Duncan et al, 1984). |
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Cambridge University Press 2005 |
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Cambridge |
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Mills, D. S. ; McDonnell, , S. M. |
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13 978-0-521-81414-6 |
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refbase @ user @; Equine Behaviour @ team @ room B 3.092 |
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472 |
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Leliveld, L.M.C. |
Title |
From Science to Practice: A Review of Laterality Research on Ungulate Livestock |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Symmetry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Symmetry |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1157 |
Keywords |
hemispheric asymmetries; farm animals; emotional processing; animal cognition; development; human-animal interactions; animal welfare |
Abstract |
In functional laterality research, most ungulate livestock species have until recently been mainly overlooked. However, there are many scientific and practical benefits of studying laterality in ungulate livestock. As social, precocial and domestic species, they may offer insight into the mechanisms involved in the ontogeny and phylogeny of functional laterality and help to better understand the role of laterality in animal welfare. Until now, most studies on ungulate livestock have focused on motor laterality, but interest in other lateralized functions, e.g., cognition and emotions, is growing. Increasingly more studies are also focused on associations with age, sex, personality, health, stress, production and performance. Although the full potential of research on laterality in ungulate livestock is not yet exploited, findings have already shed new light on central issues in cognitive and emotional processing and laid the basis for potentially useful applications in future practice, e.g., stress reduction during human-animal interactions and improved assessments of health, production and welfare. Future research would benefit from further integration of basic laterality methodology (e.g., testing for individual preferences) and applied ethological approaches (e.g., established emotionality tests), which would not only improve our understanding of functional laterality but also benefit the assessment of animal welfare. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6588 |
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Kraft, C.N.; Urban, N.; Ilg, A.; Wallny, T.; Scharfstadt, A.; Jager, M.; Pennekamp, P.H. |
Title |
[Influence of the riding discipline and riding intensity on the incidence of back pain in competitive horseback riders] |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Sportverletzung Sportschaden : Organ der Gesellschaft fur Orthopadisch-Traumatologische Sportmedizin |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sportverletz Sportschaden |
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21 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
29-33 |
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Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Child; Female; Horses; Humans; Incidence; Low Back Pain/diagnosis/*epidemiology/etiology; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; *Sports/physiology |
Abstract |
INTRODUCTION: The connection between morphologic changes of the spine and the intensity of training has been assessed for a number of sport activities. The influence of horseback riding on the spine has only rarely been evaluated. The aim of our study was to evaluate to what degree horseback riders suffer from back pain and whether there is an association between this parameter and the category i. e. the intensity of horseback riding. Furthermore we wanted to judge whether riding may have a positive effect on pre-existent back pain. METHODS: 508 horseback riders (63.2 % females; 36.8 % males) competing in either dressage, showjumping or vaulting were interviewed using a questionnaire. Apart from biometric data, the intensity with which riding was performed and the localisation and intensity (VAS) of back pain was assessed. Furthermore, in the case of existing back pain, riders were asked whether different riding disciplines and paces changed the intensity of pain. RESULTS: 300 dressage riders (59.1 %), 188 showjumpers (37.0 %) and 20 vaulters (3.9 %) with an average age of 33.5 Jahre (12 – 77 years) were questioned. The incidence of back pain was 72.5 %. A significant correlation between back pain and riding discipline respectively gender or riding level could not be found. Discrepancies in VAS-score for dressage riders (3.95 +/- 0.13), show jumpers (4.10 +/- 0.16) and vaulters (3.76 +/- 0.5) were marginal and not significant (p > 0.05). Overall 58.7 % resp. 15.2 % reported to have pain in the lumbar i.e cervical spine. Despite the fact that a large fraction of dressage riders claimed to have problems in these spine areas with 57.7 % resp. 68.8 %, this finding was not significant compared to the other riding disciplines. While 61.6 % of dressage riders reported an improvement of their back pain when riding, this was only the case in 40.9 % of show jumpers. CONCLUSION: Compared to the general population, a high incidence of back pain is found among riders. A significant correlation between the intensity of riding or the riding discipline and frequency or severity of back pain could not be found. For riders with pre-existent back pain the pace “walk” seems to have a positive influence on pain intensity. |
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Klinik und Poliklinik fur Orthopadie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat, Dusseldorf. clayton.kraft@med.uni-duesseldorf.de |
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German |
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Einfluss der Reitdisziplin und -intensitat auf die Inzidenz von Ruckenschmerzen bei Reitsportlern |
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0932-0555 |
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PMID:17385102 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3706 |
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McGreevy, P.D.; Oddie, C.; Burton, F.L.; McLean, A.N. |
Title |
The horse–human dyad: Can we align horse training and handling activities with the equid social ethogram? |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
The Veterinary Journal |
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Special Issue: Equitation Science |
Volume |
181 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
12-18 |
Keywords |
Horse training; Social inter- and intra-specific communication; Learning; Counter–predator behaviour |
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This article examines the recently completed equid ethogram and shows how analogues of social interactions between horses may occur in various human–horse interactions. It discusses how some specific horse–horse interactions have a corresponding horse–human interaction – some of which may be directly beneficial for the horse while others may be unusual or even abnormal. It also shows how correspondent behaviours sometimes become inappropriate because of their duration, consistency or context. One analogue is unlikely to hold true for all horse–human contexts, so when applying any model from horse–horse interactions to human–horse interactions, the limitations of the model may eclipse the intended outcome of the intervention. These limitations are especially likely when the horse is being ridden. Such analyses may help to determine the validity of extrapolating intra-specific interactions to the inter-specific setting, as is advocated by some popular horse-training methods, and highlight the subsequent limitations where humans play the role of the ‘alpha mare’ or leader in horse handling and training. This examination provides a constructive framework for further informed debate and empirical investigation of the critical features of successful intra-specific interactions. |
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1090-0233 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5729 |
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Author |
Fiske, J.C. |
Title |
Behavior and learning in horses Applications in management and training |
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Journal Article |
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1979 |
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Southwestern Veterinarian |
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Southwestern Veterinarian |
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32 |
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37-44 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3568 |
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Dulac, C. |
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Molecular biology of pheromone perception in mammals |
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Journal Article |
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1997 |
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Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology |
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Semin Cell Dev Biol |
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8 |
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2 |
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197-205 |
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accessory olfactory bulb; olfaction; olfactory receptor; pheromone; vomeronasal |
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In mammals, olfactory sensory perception is mediated by two anatomically and functionally distinct sensory organs: the main olfactory epithelium (MOE) and the vomeronasal organ (VNO). Pheromones activate the VNO and elicit a characteristic array of innate reproductive and social behaviors, along with dramatic neuroendocrine responses. Recent approaches have provided new insights into the molecular biology of sensory transduction in the vomeronasal organ. Differential screening of cDNA libraries constructed from single sensory neurons from the rat VNO has led to the isolation of a family of genes which are likely to encode mammalian pheromone receptors. The isolation of these receptors from the vomeronasal organ might permit the analysis of the molecular events which translate the bindings of pheromones into innate stereotypic behaviors and help to elucidate the logic of pheromone perception in mammals. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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797 |
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Hare, B.; Brown, M.; Williamson, C.; Tomasello, M. |
Title |
The domestication of social cognition in dogs |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
298 |
Issue |
5598 |
Pages |
1634-1636 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Animals, Domestic; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; *Cues; *Dogs; Food; Humans; Memory; Pan troglodytes; *Social Behavior; Species Specificity; Vision; Wolves |
Abstract |
Dogs are more skillful than great apes at a number of tasks in which they must read human communicative signals indicating the location of hidden food. In this study, we found that wolves who were raised by humans do not show these same skills, whereas domestic dog puppies only a few weeks old, even those that have had little human contact, do show these skills. These findings suggest that during the process of domestication, dogs have been selected for a set of social-cognitive abilities that enable them to communicate with humans in unique ways. |
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Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. bhare@fas.harvard.edu |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:12446914 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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595 |
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