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| Author | Tsong, T.Y. | ||||
| Title | Conformational relaxations of urea- and guanidine hydrochloride-unfolded ferricytochrome c | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | The Journal of Biological Chemistry | Abbreviated Journal  |
J Biol Chem |
| Volume | 252 | Issue | 24 | Pages | 8778-8780 |
| Keywords | *Cytochrome c Group; Guanidines/*pharmacology; Protein Conformation/drug effects; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Urea/*pharmacology | ||||
| Abstract | Several recent studies of protein the unfolded proteins. In urea- and guanidine HCl-unfolded ferricytochrome c (horse heart), an acid-induced spin state transformation of the heme group has been detected by the heme absorptions, Trp-59 fluorescence, and the intrinsic viscosity of protein. Kinetics of this second conformational transition, by the temperature jump and stopped flow methods, are complex. One rapid reaction (tau1), pH-independent, occurs in a 50-mus range; the second reaction (tau2), in a 1-ms range, depends linearly upon pH and is faster at the alkaline side; a third reaction (tau3), in a 1-s range, shows a sigmoidal transition at pH 5.1 and is faster at the acidic side. The results are consistent with a kinetic scheme which involves protein conformational changes in the transformation of the heme coordination state. The kinetics, along with previous equilibrium studies, indicate that ligand or charge interactions within a protein molecule are not completely prohibited even in strongly denaturing conditions, such as in high concentrations of urea and guanidine HCl. Thus, local structures of peptide chain associated with these interactions can exist in the unfolded protein. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-9258 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:200618 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 3882 | ||
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| Author | Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Wiesner, L.; Kenney, R.M.; Ganjam, V.K.; Turner, J.W. | ||||
| Title | Seasonal variation in plasma androgens and testosterone in the North American wild horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | The Journal of endocrinology | Abbreviated Journal |
J Endocrinol |
| Volume | 72 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 237-238 |
| Keywords | Androgens/*blood; Animals; Horses/*blood; Male; *Seasons; Testosterone/*blood | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0022-0795 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:845536 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 148 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Anderson , M.C.; Shettleworth, S.J. | ||||
| Title | Behavioral adaptation to fixed-interval and fixed-time food delivery in golden hamsters | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (JEAB) | Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav |
| Volume | 27 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 33-49 |
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| Abstract | Food-deprived golden hamsters in a large enclosure received food every 30 sec contingent on lever pressing, or free while their behavior was continuously recorded in terms of an exhaustive classification of motor patterns. As with other species in other situations, behavior became organized into two main classes. One (terminal behaviors) increased in probability throughout interfood intervals; the other (interim behaviors) peaked earlier in interfood intervals. Which class an activity belonged to was independent of whether food was contingent on lever pressing. When food was omitted on some of the intervals (thwarting), the terminal activities began sooner in the next interval, and different interim activities changed in different ways. The interim activities did not appear to be schedule-induced in the usual sense. Rather, the hamsters left the area of the feeder when food was not due and engaged in activities they would normally perform in the experimental environment. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0022-5002 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16811980 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 388 | ||
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| Author | Domjan, M. | ||||
| Title | Selective suppression of drinking during a limited period following aversive drug treatment in rats | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes | Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 66-76 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Avoidance Learning; Awareness; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking Behavior/*drug effects; Lithium/*poisoning; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Saccharin/administration & dosage; *Taste; Time Factors | ||||
| Abstract | Administration of lithium chloride disrupted the intake of flavored solutions but not water in rats. This intake suppression was directly related to the amount of lithium administered (Experiment 1), occurred with both palatable and unpalatable novel saccharin solutions (Experiment 2), but was only observed if subjects were tested starting less than 75 min. after lithium treatment (Experiment 3). Twenty-five daily exposures to saccharin did not attenuate the effect (Experiment 4). However, in saccharin-reared and vinegar-reared rats, lithium did not disrupt consumption of the solutions these subjects had access to throughout life, even though suppressions of intake were observed when these subjects were tested with novel flavors (Experiment 5). The selective disruption of drinking is interpreted as a novelty-dependent sensitization reaction to the discomfort of aversive drug administration. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0097-7403 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:845544 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2788 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Rudy, J.W.; Iwens, J.; Best, P.J. | ||||
| Title | Pairing novel exteroceptive cues and illness reduces illness-induced taste aversions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes | Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 14-25 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Association; *Avoidance Learning; Awareness; Conditioning, Operant; *Cues; Drinking Behavior; Environment; Inhibition (Psychology); Lithium/poisoning; Male; Rats; Saccharin/pharmacology; *Taste | ||||
| Abstract | Four experiments are reported that lead to the conclusion that pairing novel exteroceptive stimulation (placement into a black compartment) with a poison (lithium chloride) attenuates the development of an aversion to a taste (saccharin) subsequently paired with the poison. Such an attenuation effect occurs whether the exteroceptive cues are present or absent when the taste-poison pairing is administered. Interpretation and implications of this finding are discussed. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0097-7403 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:845542 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2789 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Pacheco, M.A.; Herrera, E.A. | ||||
| Title | Social Structure of Feral Horses in the Llanos of Venezuela | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Journal of Mammalogy | Abbreviated Journal |
J Mammal |
| Volume | 78 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 15-22 |
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| Abstract | Feral horses (Equus caballus) in the Venezuelan savannas (Ilanos) formed bands of 3-35 individuals; mean group size varied between 15 and 21. Some bands had up to three adult males, and there was a positive correlation between the number of males and the number of females in bands. Adult males also were seen solitary or formed bachelor groups. One association of three females was observed for 3 months. We noted a correlation between number of females in bands and number of foals per female born during our study (January-July 1992). The advantages of being in larger groups were unclear, because natural predators were rare. Perhaps females in larger groups have more time available for foraging due to reduced individual vigilance or that larger groups live in better-quality home ranges. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2318 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | HANSEN et al, | ||||
| Title | Foods of wild horses, deer and cattle in the Douglas Mountain Area, Colorado | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
J Range Mgmt | |
| Volume | 30 | Issue | Pages | 116-118 | |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1158 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Olsen Fw, H.R. | ||||
| Title | Food relations of wild free – roaming horses to livestock and big game, Red Desert, Wyoming | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
J Range Mgmt | |
| Volume | 30 | Issue | Pages | 17-20 | |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1436 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Alexander, R, MCN et al | ||||
| Title | Fast locomotion of some african ungulates | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Journal of Zoology | Abbreviated Journal |
J Zool |
| Volume | 183 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 291-300 |
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| Abstract | ABSTRACT Ten species of ungulate were filmed, galloping in their natural habitat. They ranged in size from Thomson's gazelle (about 20 kg) to giraffe (about 1000 kg). They were pursued to make them run as fast as possible. The films have been analysed to determine speed, stride frequency, stride and step lengths, and duty factors. The dependence of these quantities on body size is discussed. Summary: Fast locomotion of zebra, giraffe, warthog and seven species of Bovidae has been studied. The animals were filmed from a pursuing vehicle while galloping in their natural habitat. Stride frequency was more closely correlated with limb length (represented by hip height) than with body mass. Mean stride frequency was proportional to (hip height)-0·51 and maximum stride frequency to (hip height) -0·63. Maximum speed was between 10 and 14 m s -1 for all species except buffalo (7 m s -1). It was not significantly correlated with body mass. Since the small species ran at least as fast as the large ones they attained higher Froude numbers. Relative stride length was approximately 1·8 (Froude number)0·39 for all species, irrespective of size. Relative step length was approximately 0·65 (Froude number)0·2, both for the fore feet and for the hind ones. The vertical forces exerted by the feet are proportional to (body weight)×(Froude number)0·2 so the forces at maximum speed are larger multiples of body weight for small species than for large ones. |
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| Notes | from Prof. Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 130 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Bard Jbl, | ||||
| Title | A unity underlying the different zebra stripping patterns | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
J Zool Lond | |
| Volume | 183 | Issue | Pages | 527-539 | |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 923 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||