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Author |
Bouchard, J. |
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Title |
Is social learning correlated with innovation in birds? An inter-and an interspecific test |
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Year |
2002 |
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Department of Biology McGill University Montréal, Québec |
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Birds -- Behavior Birds -- Food Columba livia -- Behavior Columba livia -- Food Social learning |
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Abstract |
This thesis focuses on the relationship between innovation and social learning in the foraging context, across and within bird species, using two different sources of data: anecdotal reports from the literature, and experimental tests in the laboratory and the field. In chapter 1, I review the trends in innovation and social learning in the avian literature, and contrast them with trends in mammals, especially primates. In chapter 2, I use anecdotal reports of feeding innovation and social learning in the literature to assess taxonomic trends and to study the relationship between the two traits at the interspecific level. In chapter 3, I investigate the relationship between innovation and social learning at the intraspecific level in captive feral pigeons (Columba livia). Innovation is estimated from the ability to solve an innovative foraging problem, and social learning is measured as the number of trials required to learn a foraging task from a proficient demonstrator. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) |
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Master's thesis |
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Department of Biology McGili University Montréal, Québec |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4785 |
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Author |
Borgatti, S.P., Everett, M.G., Freeman, L.C. |
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Title |
Ucinet for Windows: Software for Social Network Analysis |
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2002 |
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Analytic Technologies |
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Harvard, MA |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5239 |
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Author |
Rogers, L.J. |
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Title |
Evolution of Side Biases: Motor versus Sensory Lateralization |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2002 |
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Side Bias: A Neuropsychological Perspective |
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3-40-40 |
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Medicine & Public Health |
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Springer Netherlands |
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Mandal, M.K.; Bulman-Fleming, M.B.; Tiwari, G. |
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978-0-306-46884-1 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5357 |
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Author |
Barton, R. |
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Title |
The evolutionary ecolgy of the primate brain |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2002 |
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Comparative Primate Socioecology |
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167-204 |
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Cambridge University Press |
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Cambridge |
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Lee, P. C. |
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ISBN-13: 9780521004244 | ISBN-10: 0521004241 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5450 |
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Author |
Heyes, C.M. |
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Title |
Transformation and associative theories of imitation. |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Imitation in animals and artefacts |
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501-523 |
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MIT Press |
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Cambridge, MA. |
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Dautenhahn, K. ; Nehaniv, C. L. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5602 |
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Author |
Mettke-Hofmann, C.; Winkler, H.; Leisler, B. |
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Title |
The Significance of Ecological Factors for Exploration and Neophobia in Parrots |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Ethology |
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Volume |
108 |
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3 |
Pages |
249-272 |
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Abstract |
Exploratory behaviour plays an important role in most animals for gathering information about their environment. If it constitutes an adaptation to different environmental conditions exploratory behaviour should differ between species. This has been tested with several hypotheses. Sixty-one parrot species (Psittacidae) from eight tribes with different diets and habitat preferences were investigated in aviaries. Two tests were carried out. First, a novel object (wooden ring) in the familiar aviary was presented on two test days in the exploration test. Latencies until first contact with the object and the duration of exploration were recorded. Secondly, in the neophobia test, novel objects were placed beside the feeding dish and latencies until first food intake were recorded. The exploration and neophobia data were related to 12 (13) ecological variables using multiple regression analyses. Phylogenetic relationships were considered. Species that inhabit complex habitats, such as forest edges, or that feed on buds or species from islands showed the shortest latencies in the exploration test. In contrast, long latencies were related to a diet including a great amount of seeds and/or flowers. The longest duration of exploration occurred in species eating nuts or originating from islands, whereas short durations were related to feeding on seeds. Neophobia was positively related to a diet consisting of insects, and negatively to a diet of leaves. There was no relationship between measures of exploration and neophobia. Exploration and neophobia seem to be tightly related to the ecology of a species. |
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Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag |
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ISSN |
1439-0310 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5617 |
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Author |
McDonough, P.; Kindig, C.A.; Ramsel, C.; Poole, D.C.; Erickson, H.H. |
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Title |
The effect of treadmill incline on maximal oxygen uptake, gas exchange and the metabolic response to exercise in the horse |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Experimental Physiology |
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87 |
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04 |
Pages |
499-506 M3 - null |
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Abstract |
In healthy man, conditions that change muscle O2 delivery affect the achievable maximum rate of O2 uptake (V[dot above]O2,max) as well as the metabolic (e.g. lactate threshold, LT) and gas exchange (e.g. gas exchange threshold, Tge) responses to incremental exercise. Inclined (I) compared to level (L) running increases locomotory muscle EMG at a given speed in the horse, indicative of elevated metabolic demand. To our knowledge, the effect of treadmill incline on V[dot above]O2,max, LT and Tge has not been addressed in the exercising quadruped. We used blood sampling and breath-by-breath expired gas analysis to test the hypothesis that I (10 % gradient) would increase V[dot above]O2,max and the rate of O2 uptake (V[dot above]O2) at LT and Tge in six Thoroughbred horses during incremental running to volitional fatigue. V[dot above]O2,max was significantly higher for I (I, 77.8 ± 4.1; L, 65.5 ± 5.3 l min-1; P < 0.05), but peak plasma lactate concentration was not (I, 28.0 ± 3.7; L, 25.9 ± 3.0 mM). Arterial PCO2 increased to 62.1 ± 3.3 and 57.9 ± 2.7 Torr (I vs. L; P < 0.05), yet despite this relative hypoventilation, a distinct Tge was present. This Tge occurred at a significantly different absolute (I, 49.6 ± 3.2; L, 42.4 ± 3.2 l min-1; P < 0.05), but nearly identical relative V[dot above]O2 (I, 63.6 ± 1.2; L, 63.9 ± 1.6 % V[dot above]O2,max) in I and L. Similarly, LT occurred at a significantly greater absolute V[dot above]O2 (I, 37.3 ± 2.8; L, 26.9 ± 2.1 l min-1), but a relative V[dot above]O2 that was not different (I, 47.9 ± 2.1; L, 43.9 ± 4.5 % V[dot above]O2,max). In addition, Tge occurred at a significantly higher (P [less-than-or-equal] 0.05) absolute and relative V[dot above]O2 than LT for both I and L tests. In conclusion, V[dot above]O2,max is higher during inclined than level running and both LT and Tge in the horse occur at a similar percentage of V[dot above]O2,max irrespective of the absolute level of V[dot above]O2,max. In contrast to humans, LT is a poor analogue of Tge in the horse. |
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Cambridge Journals Online |
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ISSN |
1469-445x |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5650 |
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Author |
Clow, A; Hucklebridge, F. |
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Title |
International Review of Neurobiology: Neurobiology of the Immune System |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2002 |
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52 |
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Academic Press |
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Amsterdam |
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0-12-366853-0 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5782 |
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Author |
Neveu, P.J. |
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Title |
Cerebral Lateralisation and the Immune System |
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Year |
2002 |
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International Review of Neurobiology: Neurobiology of the Immune System |
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52 |
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303-318 |
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Academic Press |
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Amsterdam |
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Clow, A.; Hucklebridge, F. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5828 |
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Author |
Kurtzman H.S.; Church R.M.; Crystal J.D. |
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Title |
Data archiving for animal cognition research: Report of an NIMH workshop |
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Year |
2002 |
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Animal Learning & Behavior |
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30 |
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Pages |
405-412 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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3504 |
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