|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
James, R.; Croft, D.; Krause, J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Potential banana skins in animal social network analysis |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
|
|
Volume |
63 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
989-997-997 |
|
|
Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
|
|
Abstract |
Social network analysis is an increasingly popular tool for the study of the fine-scale and global social structure of animals. It has attracted particular attention by those attempting to unravel social structure in fission–fusion populations. It is clear that the social network approach offers some exciting opportunities for gaining new insights into social systems. However, some of the practices which are currently being used in the animal social networks literature are at worst questionable and at best over-enthusiastic. We highlight some of the areas of method, analysis and interpretation in which greater care may be needed in order to ensure that the biology we extract from our networks is robust. In particular, we suggest that more attention should be given to whether relational data are representative, the potential effect of observational errors and the choice and use of statistical tests. The importance of replication and manipulation must not be forgotten, and the interpretation of results requires care. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0340-5443 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5206 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Krause, S.; Mattner, L.; James, R.; Guttridge, T.; Corcoran, M.; Gruber, S.; Krause, J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Social network analysis and valid Markov chain Monte Carlo tests of null models |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
|
|
Volume |
63 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1089-1096-1096 |
|
|
Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
|
|
Abstract |
Analyses of animal social networks derived from group-based associations often rely on randomisation methods developed in ecology (Manly, Ecology 76:1109–1115, 1995) and made available to the animal behaviour community through implementation of a pair-wise swapping algorithm by Bejder et al. (Anim Behav 56:719–725, 1998). We report a correctable flaw in this method and point the reader to a wider literature on the subject of null models in the ecology literature. We illustrate the importance of correcting the method using a toy network and use it to make a preliminary analysis of a network of associations among eagle rays. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0340-5443 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5208 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Krause, J.; Lusseau, D.; James, R. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Animal social networks: an introduction |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
|
|
Volume |
63 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
967-973-973 |
|
|
Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
|
|
Abstract |
Network analysis has a long history in the mathematical and social sciences and the aim of this introduction is to provide a brief overview of the potential that it holds for the study of animal behaviour. One of the most attractive features of the network paradigm is that it provides a single conceptual framework with which we can study the social organisation of animals at all levels (individual, dyad, group, population) and for all types of interaction (aggressive, cooperative, sexual etc.). Graphical tools allow a visual inspection of networks which often helps inspire ideas for testable hypotheses. Network analysis itself provides a multitude of novel statistical tools that can be used to characterise social patterns in animal populations. Among the important insights that networks have facilitated is that indirect social connections matter. Interactions between individuals generate a social environment at the population level which in turn selects for behavioural strategies at the individual level. A social network is often a perfect means by which to represent heterogeneous relationships in a population. Probing the biological drivers for these heterogeneities, often as a function of time, forms the basis of many of the current uses of network analysis in the behavioural sciences. This special issue on social networks brings together a diverse group of practitioners whose study systems range from social insects over reptiles to birds, cetaceans, ungulates and primates in order to illustrate the wide-ranging applications of network analysis. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0340-5443 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5209 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
James, R.; Bennett, P.G.; Krause, J. |
![find record details (via OpenURL) openurl](img/xref.gif)
|
|
Title |
Geometry for mutualistic and selfish herds: the limited domain of danger |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Journal of Theoretical Biology |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
J. Theor. Biol. |
|
|
Volume |
228 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
107-113 |
|
|
Keywords |
Aggregation; Selfish herd; Limited domains |
|
|
Abstract |
We present a two-dimensional individual-based model of aggregation behaviour in animals by introducing the concept of a “limited domain of danger”, which represents either a limited detection range or a limited attack range of predators. The limited domain of danger provides a suitable framework for the analysis of individual movement rules under real-life conditions because it takes into account the predator's prey detection and capture abilities. For the first time, a single geometrical construct can be used to analyse the predation risk of both peripheral and central individuals in a group. Furthermore, our model provides a conceptual framework that can be equally applied to aggregation behaviour and refuge use and thus presents a conceptual advance on current theory that treats these antipredator behaviours separately. An analysis of individual movement rules using limited domains of danger showed that the time minimization strategy outcompetes the nearest neighbour strategy proposed by Hamilton's (J. Theor. Biol. 31 (1971) 295) selfish herd model, whereas a random strategy confers no benefit and can even be disadvantageous. The superior performance of the time minimization strategy highlights the importance of taking biological constraints, such as an animal's orientation relative to its neighbours, into account when searching for efficient movement rules underlying the aggregation process. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
552 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Couzin, I.D.; Krause, J.; James, R.; Ruxton, G.D.; Franks, N.R. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
Collective Memory and Spatial Sorting in Animal Groups |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of Theoretical Biology |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
J. Theor. Biol. |
|
|
Volume |
218 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-11 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
We present a self-organizing model of group formation in three-dimensional space, and use it to investigate the spatial dynamics of animal groups such as fish schools and bird flocks. We reveal the existence of major group-level behavioural transitions related to minor changes in individual-level interactions. Further, we present the first evidence for collective memory in such animal groups (where the previous history of group structure influences the collective behaviour exhibited as individual interactions change) during the transition of a group from one type of collective behaviour to another. The model is then used to show how differences among individuals influence group structure, and how individuals employing simple, local rules of thumb, can accurately change their spatial position within a group (e.g. to move to the centre, the front, or the periphery) in the absence of information on their current position within the group as a whole. These results are considered in the context of the evolution and ecological importance of animal groups. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0022-5193 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5310 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Couzin, I.D.; Krause, J.; Franks, N.R.; Levin, S.A. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
Effective leadership and decision-making in animal groups on the move |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
|
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Nature |
|
|
Volume |
433 |
Issue |
7025 |
Pages |
513-516 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
10.1038/nature03236 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4827 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Dyer, J.R.G.; Johansson, A.; Helbing, D.; Couzin, I.D.; Krause, J. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
Leadership, consensus decision making and collective behaviour in humans |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Phil. Trans. Biol. Sci. |
|
|
Volume |
364 |
Issue |
1518 |
Pages |
781-789 |
|
|
Keywords |
* leadership * consensus decision making * collective behaviour * human group |
|
|
Abstract |
This paper reviews the literature on leadership in vertebrate groups, including recent work on human groups, before presenting the results of three new experiments looking at leadership and decision making in small and large human groups. In experiment 1, we find that both group size and the presence of uninformed individuals can affect the speed with which small human groups (eight people) decide between two opposing directional preferences and the likelihood of the group splitting. In experiment 2, we show that the spatial positioning of informed individuals within small human groups (10 people) can affect the speed and accuracy of group motion. We find that having a mixture of leaders positioned in the centre and on the edge of a group increases the speed and accuracy with which the group reaches their target. In experiment 3, we use large human crowds (100 and 200 people) to demonstrate that the trends observed from earlier work using small human groups can be applied to larger crowds. We find that only a small minority of informed individuals is needed to guide a large uninformed group. These studies build upon important theoretical and empirical work on leadership and decision making in animal groups. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5122 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Ward, A.J.W.; Sumpter, D.J.T.; Couzin, I.D.; Hart, P.J.B.; Krause, J. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
Quorum decision-making facilitates information transfer in fish shoals |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |
|
|
Volume |
105 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
6948-6953 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
Despite the growing interest in collective phenomena such as “swarm intelligence” and “wisdom of the crowds,” little is known about the mechanisms underlying decision-making in vertebrate animal groups. How do animals use the behavior of others to make more accurate decisions, especially when it is not possible to identify which individuals possess pertinent information? One plausible answer is that individuals respond only when they see a threshold number of individuals perform a particular behavior. Here, we investigate the role of such “quorum responses” in the movement decisions of fish (three-spine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus). We show that a quorum response to conspecifics can explain how sticklebacks make collective movement decisions, both in the absence and presence of a potential predation risk. Importantly our experimental work shows that a quorum response can reduce the likelihood of amplification of nonadaptive following behavior. Whereas the traveling direction of solitary fish was strongly influenced by a single replica conspecific, the replica was largely ignored by larger groups of four or eight sticklebacks under risk, and the addition of a second replica was required to exert influence on the movement decisions of such groups. Model simulations further predict that quorum responses by fish improve the accuracy and speed of their decision-making over that of independent decision-makers or those using a weak linear response. This study shows that effective and accurate information transfer in groups may be gained only through nonlinear responses of group members to each other, thus highlighting the importance of quorum decision-making. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
10.1073/pnas.0710344105 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5252 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Bode, N.W.F.; Faria, J.J.; Franks, D.W.; Krause, J.; Wood, A.J. |
![goto web page (via DOI) doi](img/doi.gif)
|
|
Title |
How perceived threat increases synchronization in collectively moving animal groups |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal ![sorted by Abbreviated Journal field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. |
|
|
Volume |
277 |
Issue |
1697 |
Pages |
3065-3070 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
Nature is rich with many different examples of the cohesive motion of animals. Previous attempts to model collective motion have primarily focused on group behaviours of identical individuals. In contrast, we put our emphasis on modelling the contributions of different individual-level characteristics within such groups by using stochastic asynchronous updating of individual positions and orientations. Our model predicts that higher updating frequency, which we relate to perceived threat, leads to more synchronized group movement, with speed and nearest-neighbour distributions becoming more uniform. Experiments with three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that were exposed to different threat levels provide strong empirical support for our predictions. Our results suggest that the behaviour of fish (at different states of agitation) can be explained by a single parameter in our model: the updating frequency. We postulate a mechanism for collective behavioural changes in different environment-induced contexts, and explain our findings with reference to confusion and oddity effects. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
10.1098/rspb.2010.0855 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5188 |
|
Permanent link to this record |