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Author Friederici, A.D.; Alter, K.
Title Lateralization of auditory language functions: a dynamic dual pathway model Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Brain and Language Abbreviated Journal (up) Brain Lang
Volume 89 Issue 2 Pages 267-276
Keywords Auditory Pathways/physiology; Brain Mapping; Comprehension/*physiology; Dominance, Cerebral/*physiology; Frontal Lobe/*physiology; Humans; Nerve Net/physiology; Phonetics; Semantics; Speech Acoustics; Speech Perception/*physiology; Temporal Lobe/*physiology
Abstract Spoken language comprehension requires the coordination of different subprocesses in time. After the initial acoustic analysis the system has to extract segmental information such as phonemes, syntactic elements and lexical-semantic elements as well as suprasegmental information such as accentuation and intonational phrases, i.e., prosody. According to the dynamic dual pathway model of auditory language comprehension syntactic and semantic information are primarily processed in a left hemispheric temporo-frontal pathway including separate circuits for syntactic and semantic information whereas sentence level prosody is processed in a right hemispheric temporo-frontal pathway. The relative lateralization of these functions occurs as a result of stimulus properties and processing demands. The observed interaction between syntactic and prosodic information during auditory sentence comprehension is attributed to dynamic interactions between the two hemispheres.
Address Max Planck Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, P.O. Box 500 355, 04303 Leipzig, Germany. angelafr@cns.mpg.de
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ISSN 0093-934X ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:15068909 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4722
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Author Harland, M.M.; Stewart, A.J.; Marshall, A.E.; Belknap, E.B.
Title Diagnosis of deafness in a horse by brainstem auditory evoked potential Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication The Canadian Veterinary Journal. La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne Abbreviated Journal (up) Can Vet J
Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 151-154
Keywords Acoustic Stimulation/veterinary; Animals; Deafness/congenital/diagnosis/*veterinary; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/*physiology; Horse Diseases/congenital/*diagnosis; Horses; Male; Pigmentation/physiology; Sensitivity and Specificity
Abstract Deafness was confirmed in a blue-eyed, 3-year-old, overo paint horse by brainstem auditory evoked potential. Congenital inherited deafness associated with lack of facial pigmentation was suspected. Assessment of hearing should be considered, especially in paint horses, at the time of pre-purchase examination. Brainstem auditory evoked potential assessment is well tolerated and accurate.
Address Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Wire Road, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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ISSN 0008-5286 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:16579041 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5680
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Author Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L.
Title The acoustic features of vervet monkey grunts Type Journal Article
Year 1984 Publication The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Abbreviated Journal (up) J Acoust Soc Am
Volume 75 Issue 5 Pages 1623-1628
Keywords *Acoustics; Animals; Auditory Perception; Cercopithecus/*physiology; Cercopithecus aethiops/*physiology; Cues; Dominance-Subordination; Female; Male; Social Behavior; Sound Spectrography; *Vocalization, Animal
Abstract East African vervet monkeys give short (125 ms), harsh-sounding grunts to each other in a variety of social situations: when approaching a dominant or subordinate member of their group, when moving into a new area of their range, or upon seeing another group. Although all these vocalizations sound similar to humans, field playback experiments have shown that the monkeys distinguish at least four different calls. Acoustic analysis reveals that grunts have an aperiodic F0, at roughly 240 Hz. Most grunts exhibit a spectral peak close to this irregular F0. Grunts may also contain a second, rising or falling frequency peak, between 550 and 900 Hz. The location and changes in these two frequency peaks are the cues most likely to be used by vervets when distinguishing different grunt types.
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0001-4966 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:6736426 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 703
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Author Shettleworth, S.J.
Title Stimulus relevance in the control of drinking and conditioned fear responses in domestic chicks (Gallus gallus) Type Journal Article
Year 1972 Publication Journal of comparative and physiological psychology Abbreviated Journal (up) J Comp Physiol Psychol
Volume 80 Issue 2 Pages 175-198
Keywords Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Auditory Perception; Chickens; *Conditioning (Psychology); Conditioning, Classical; Discrimination Learning; *Drinking Behavior; Electroshock; *Fear; *Light; Motor Activity; Photic Stimulation; Punishment; Quinine; *Sound; Taste; Visual Perception
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0021-9940 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:5047826 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 390
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Author Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M.; Silk, J.B.
Title The responses of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) to anomalous social interactions: evidence for causal reasoning? Type Journal Article
Year 1995 Publication Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) Abbreviated Journal (up) J Comp Psychol
Volume 109 Issue 2 Pages 134-141
Keywords Animals; Attention; Auditory Perception; *Awareness; *Concept Formation; *Dominance-Subordination; Fear; Female; Hierarchy, Social; Papio/*psychology; *Social Behavior; Social Environment; Vocalization, Animal
Abstract Baboons' (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) understanding of cause-effect relations in the context of social interactions was examined through use of a playback experiment. Under natural conditions, dominant female baboons often grunt to more subordinate mothers when interacting with their infants. Mothers occasionally respond to these grunts by uttering submissive fear barks. Subjects were played causally inconsistent call sequences in which a lower ranking female apparently grunted to a higher ranking female, and the higher ranking female apparently responded with fear barks. As a control, subjects heard a sequence made causally consistent by the inclusion of grunts from a 3rd female that was dominant to both of the others. Subjects responded significantly more strongly to the causally inconsistent sequences, suggesting that they recognized the factors that cause 1 individual to give submissive vocalizations to another.
Address Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0735-7036 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:7758289 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 348
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Author Zentall, S.S.; Zentall, T.R.
Title Activity and task performance of hyperactive children as a function of environmental stimulation Type Journal Article
Year 1976 Publication Journal of consulting and clinical psychology Abbreviated Journal (up) J Consult Clin Psychol
Volume 44 Issue 5 Pages 693-697
Keywords Achievement; Acoustic Stimulation; *Arousal; Auditory Perception; Child; Humans; Hyperkinesis/*etiology; Photic Stimulation; Visual Perception
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Language English Summary Language Original Title
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0022-006X ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:965541 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 272
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Author Gentner, T.Q.; Fenn, K.M.; Margoliash, D.; Nusbaum, H.C.
Title Recursive syntactic pattern learning by songbirds Type Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Nature Abbreviated Journal (up) Nature
Volume 440 Issue 7088 Pages 1204-1207
Keywords Acoustic Stimulation; *Animal Communication; Animals; Auditory Perception/*physiology; Humans; *Language; Learning/*physiology; Linguistics; Models, Neurological; Semantics; Starlings/*physiology; Stochastic Processes
Abstract Humans regularly produce new utterances that are understood by other members of the same language community. Linguistic theories account for this ability through the use of syntactic rules (or generative grammars) that describe the acceptable structure of utterances. The recursive, hierarchical embedding of language units (for example, words or phrases within shorter sentences) that is part of the ability to construct new utterances minimally requires a 'context-free' grammar that is more complex than the 'finite-state' grammars thought sufficient to specify the structure of all non-human communication signals. Recent hypotheses make the central claim that the capacity for syntactic recursion forms the computational core of a uniquely human language faculty. Here we show that European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) accurately recognize acoustic patterns defined by a recursive, self-embedding, context-free grammar. They are also able to classify new patterns defined by the grammar and reliably exclude agrammatical patterns. Thus, the capacity to classify sequences from recursive, centre-embedded grammars is not uniquely human. This finding opens a new range of complex syntactic processing mechanisms to physiological investigation.
Address Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. tgentner@ucsd.edu
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1476-4687 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:16641998 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 353
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