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| Author | Schnall, Simone; Gattis,Merideth | ||||
| Title | Transitive Inference by Visual Reasoning | Type | Conference Volume | ||
| Year | 1998 | Publication | Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society | Abbreviated Journal  |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | 929-934 | ||
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| Abstract | Two experiments are reported that investigated the influence of linear spatial organization on transitive inference performance. Reward/no-reward relations between overlapping pairs of elements were presented in a context of linear spatial order or random spatial order. Participants in the linear arrangement condition showed evidence for visual reasoning: They systematically mapped spatial relations to conceptual relation and used the spatial relations to make inferences on a reasoning task in a new spatial context. We suggest that linear ordering may be a “good figure”, by constituting a parsimonious representation for the integration of premises, as well as for the inferencing process. The late emergence of transitive inference in children may be the result of limited cognitive capacity, which --unless an external spatial array is available --constrains the construction of an internal spatial array. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 610 | ||
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| Author | Hanggi, E.B. | ||||
| Title | Can Horses Recognize Pictures? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Proceedings of the Third International Conference of Cognitive Science | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | 52-56 | ||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Beijing, China. | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 3566 | ||
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| Author | Worden, R.P. | ||||
| Title | Primate social intelligence | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Cognitive Science | Abbreviated Journal |
Cognit. Sci. |
| Volume | 20 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 579-616 |
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| Abstract | A computational theory of primate social intelligence is proposed in which primates represent social situations internally by discrete symbol structures, called scripts. Three well-defined computational operations on scripts are sufficient to support social learning, planning, and prediction. This gives a formal, predictive model with which to analyse how primate social knowledge is acquired, as well as how it is used. The theory is compared with primate data, such as Cheney and Seyfarth's observations of vervet monkeys. It gives simple, understandable script-based analyses of many observed phenomena--such as the recognition and use of kin relations, learning of alarm calls, habituation to calls, knowledge of rank, tactical deception, and attachment behaviour. I argue that a tight, concise theory of social cognition, such as script theory, is needed to explain the rapid learning and social guile seen in primates. It also has the benefits of simplicity and testability. The extension of scripts to incorporate a primate theory of mind is described in a subsequent paper. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 407 | ||
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| Author | Warneken, F.; Tomasello, M. | ||||
| Title | Varieties of altruism in children and chimpanzees | Type | Abstract | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Trends in cognitive sciences | Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Cogn Sci |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 397-402 |
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| Abstract | Recent empirical research has shed new light on the perennial question of human altruism. A number of recent studies suggest that from very early in ontogeny young children have a biological predisposition to help others achieve their goals, to share resources with others and to inform others of things helpfully. Humans nearest primate relatives, such as chimpanzees, engage in some but not all of these behaviors: they help others instrumentally, but they are not so inclined to share resources altruistically and they do not inform others of things helpfully. The evolutionary roots of human altruism thus appear to be much more complex than previously supposed. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier Science, | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ S1364-6613(09)00149-1 DOI - 10.1016/j.tics.2009.06.008 | Serial | 5608 | ||
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| Author | de Waal, F.B.M.; Ferrari, P.F. | ||||
| Title | Towards a bottom-up perspective on animal and human cognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Cognit. Sci. |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 201-207 |
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| Abstract | Over the last few decades, comparative cognitive research has focused on the pinnacles of mental evolution, asking all-or-nothing questions such as which animals (if any) possess a theory of mind, culture, linguistic abilities, future planning, and so on. Research programs adopting this top-down perspective have often pitted one taxon against another, resulting in sharp dividing lines. Insight into the underlying mechanisms has lagged behind. A dramatic change in focus now seems to be under way, however, with increased appreciation that the basic building blocks of cognition might be shared across a wide range of species. We argue that this bottom-up perspective, which focuses on the constituent capacities underlying larger cognitive phenomena, is more in line with both neuroscience and evolutionary biology. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5857 | ||
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| Author | Legare, C.H.; Nielsen, M. | ||||
| Title | Imitation and Innovation: The Dual Engines of Cultural Learning | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences | |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 688-699 |
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| Abstract | Imitation and innovation work in tandem to support cultural learning in children and facilitate our capacity for cumulative culture. Here we propose an integrated theoretical account of how the unique demands of acquiring instrumental skills and cultural conventions provide insight into when children imitate, when they innovate, and to what degree. For instrumental learning, with an increase in experience, high fidelity imitation decreases and innovation increases. By contrast, for conventional learning, imitative fidelity stays high, regardless of experience, and innovation stays low. We synthesize cutting edge research on the development of imitative flexibility and innovation to provide insight into the social learning mechanisms underpinning the uniquely human mind. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.08.005 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5931 | ||
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| Author | Rosati, A.G. | ||||
| Title | Foraging Cognition: Reviving the Ecological Intelligence Hypothesis | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 691-702 |
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| Abstract | What are the origins of intelligent behavior? The demands associated with living in complex social groups have been the favored explanation for the evolution of primate cognition in general and human cognition in particular. However, recent comparative research indicates that ecological variation can also shape cognitive abilities. I synthesize the emerging evidence that ?foraging cognition? ? skills used to exploit food resources, including spatial memory, decision-making, and inhibitory control ? varies adaptively across primates. These findings provide a new framework for the evolution of human cognition, given our species? dependence on costly, high-value food resources. Understanding the origins of the human mind will require an integrative theory accounting for how humans are unique in both our sociality and our ecology. | ||||
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| Publisher | Elsevier | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.05.011 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6586 | ||
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| Author | Markman, E.M.; Abelev, M. | ||||
| Title | Word learning in dogs? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 479-81; discussion 481 |
| Keywords | Animals; Association Learning; Dogs; *Learning; *Verbal Learning; *Vocabulary | ||||
| Abstract | In a recent paper, Kaminski, Call and Fischer report pioneering research on word-learning in a dog. In this commentary we suggest ways of distinguishing referential word use from mere association. We question whether the dog is reasoning by exclusion and, if so, compare three explanations – learned heuristics, default assumptions, and pragmatic reasoning – as they apply to children and might apply to dogs. Kaminski et al.'s work clearly raises important questions about the origins and basis of word learning and social cognition. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Bldg 420, Stanford, CA 94305-2130, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:15491899 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 274 | ||
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| Author | Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L.; Bergman, T.J. | ||||
| Title | Primate social cognition and the origins of language | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 264-266 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Cognition; Humans; *Language; Papio; Psychological Theory; Social Behavior; *Social Perception | ||||
| Abstract | Are the cognitive mechanisms underlying language unique, or can similar mechanisms be found in other domains? Recent field experiments demonstrate that baboons' knowledge of their companions' social relationships is based on discrete-valued traits (identity, rank, kinship) that are combined to create a representation of social relations that is hierarchically structured, open-ended, rule-governed, and independent of sensory modality. The mechanisms underlying language might have evolved from the social knowledge of our pre-linguistic primate ancestors. | ||||
| Address | Departments of Biology and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. seyfarth@psych.upenn.edu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:15925802 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 343 | ||
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| Author | Hampton, R.R.; Healy, S.D.; Shettleworth, S.J.; Kamil, A.C. | ||||
| Title | Neuroecologists' are not made of straw | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Trends in Cognitive Sciences | Abbreviated Journal |
Trends. Cognit. Sci. |
| Volume | 6 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 6-7 |
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| Address | Laboratory of Neuropsychology, NIH--NIMH, Building 49, Room 1B-80, 20892-4415, Bethesda, MD, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 1364-6613 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:11849608 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 371 | ||
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