| Records |
| Author |
Miyata, H.; Gajdon, G.K.; Huber, L.; Fujita, K. |
| Title |
How do keas (Nestor notabilis) solve artificial-fruit problems with multiple locks? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
45-58 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Keas, a species of parrots from New Zealand, are an interesting species for comparative studies of problem solving and cognition because they are known not only for efficient capacities for object manipulation but also for explorative and playful behaviors. To what extent are they efficient or explorative, and what cognitive abilities do they use? We examined how keas would solve several versions of artificial-fruit box problems having multiple locks. After training keas to remove a metal rod from over a Plexiglas lid that had to be opened, we exposed the birds to a variety of tasks having two or more locks. We also introduced a preview phase during which the keas had extended opportunity to look at the tasks before the experimenter allowed the birds to solve them, to examine whether the preview phase would facilitate the birds' performance on the tasks. In a large number of tests, the keas showed a strong trend to solve the tasks with no positive effect of previewing the tasks. When the tasks became complex, however, the keas corrected inappropriate responses more quickly when they had had chance to preview the problems than when they had not. The results suggest that the keas primarily used explorative strategies in solving the lock problems but might have obtained some information about the tasks before starting to solve them. This may reflect a good compromise of keas' trial-and-error tendency and their good cognitive ability that result from a selection pressure they have faced in their natural habitat. |
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| ISSN |
1435-9456 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Miyata2011 |
Serial |
6549 |
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| Author |
Kräußlich, H.; Brem, G. |
| Title |
Tierzucht und allgemeine Landwirtschaftslehre für Tiermediziner |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1997 |
Publication |
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| Publisher |
Enke |
Place of Publication |
Stuttgart |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6542 |
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| Author |
Bond III, E.U.; Walker, B.A.; Hutt, M.D.; Reingen, P.H. |
| Title |
Reputational Effectiveness in Cross-Functional Working Relationships |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Journal of Product Innovation Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
‎J. Prod. Innov. Manag. |
| Volume |
21 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
44-60 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
The work of innovation management involves cross-functional coordination among specialists and managers with different work orientations, time horizons, professional backgrounds, and values (Ford and Randolph, 1992). While strong connections across functions are critical for new product development success (Green et al., 2000), some managers may be more adept at fostering effective cross-functional relationships than others. In this article, the authors empirically examine the factors that distinguish reputationally effective innovation workers from their less effective peers. Drawing on the work of Tsui (1984, 1994), reputational effectiveness is defined as the degree to which a manager has been responsive to the needs and expectations of constituents. This research examines the relational skills and interaction patterns of more (versus less) reputationally effective managers. A large business unit of a Fortune 500 telecommunications firm provided the context for our study. Using a two-phase approach, the authors first captured the social network patterns of 268 managers from marketing, research and development (R&D), manufacturing, and other business functions that were involved in the new product development process. In addition, the reputational effectiveness of each person who was identified as a member of the network was measured. In the second phase, the authors examined the relational competencies (e.g., role-taking ability, interpersonal control, openness) of the managers who participated in Phase I of the research. As predicted, the results indicate that role-taking ability is related positively to a manager's reputational effectiveness. No support, however, was found for the relationship between interpersonal control and reputational effectiveness. Interestingly, the authors found evidence of an inverse relationship between openness and effectiveness. By sharing too much information?or alternatively information that does not relate to the task at hand?the reputational effectiveness of a manager is damaged. Importantly, the results reveal that the social network characteristics of a reputationally effective manager differ from those of less effective managers. Closeness centrality, a measure of the degree of access one has to other organizational members, was associated strongly with reputational effectiveness. The results demonstrate that managers who are successful in working across functions appreciate the cognitive and emotional perspectives of diverse constituents and develop relationship ties that provide them with ready access to others across the organization. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111) |
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| ISSN |
0737-6782 |
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| Notes |
doi: 10.1111/j.0737-6782.2004.00053.x |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6540 |
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| Author |
Thorpe, W. H. |
| Title |
Learning and Instinct in Animals. |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1963 |
Publication |
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| Publisher |
Methuen |
Place of Publication |
London |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6527 |
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| Author |
Hofmeester, T.R.; Cromsigt, J.P.G.M.; Odden, J.; Andrén, H.; Kindberg, J.; Linnell, J.D.C. |
| Title |
Framing pictures: A conceptual framework to identify and correct for biases in detection probability of camera traps enabling multi-species comparison |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol Evol |
| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
animal characteristics; detectability; environmental variables; mammal monitoring; reuse of data; trail camera |
| Abstract |
Abstract Obtaining reliable species observations is of great importance in animal ecology and wildlife conservation. An increasing number of studies use camera traps (CTs) to study wildlife communities, and an increasing effort is made to make better use and reuse of the large amounts of data that are produced. It is in these circumstances that it becomes paramount to correct for the species- and study-specific variation in imperfect detection within CTs. We reviewed the literature and used our own experience to compile a list of factors that affect CT detection of animals. We did this within a conceptual framework of six distinct scales separating out the influences of (a) animal characteristics, (b) CT specifications, (c) CT set-up protocols, and (d) environmental variables. We identified 40 factors that can potentially influence the detection of animals by CTs at these six scales. Many of these factors were related to only a few overarching parameters. Most of the animal characteristics scale with body mass and diet type, and most environmental characteristics differ with season or latitude such that remote sensing products like NDVI could be used as a proxy index to capture this variation. Factors that influence detection at the microsite and camera scales are probably the most important in determining CT detection of animals. The type of study and specific research question will determine which factors should be corrected. Corrections can be done by directly adjusting the CT metric of interest or by using covariates in a statistical framework. Our conceptual framework can be used to design better CT studies and help when analyzing CT data. Furthermore, it provides an overview of which factors should be reported in CT studies to make them repeatable, comparable, and their data reusable. This should greatly improve the possibilities for global scale analyses of (reused) CT data. |
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John Wiley & Sons, Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
doi: 10.1002/ece3.4878 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6518 |
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| Author |
Bonin, S.J.; Clayton, H.M.; Lanovaz, J.L.; Johnston, T. |
| Title |
Comparison of mandibular motion in horses chewing hay and pellets |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet. J. |
| Volume |
39 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
258-262 |
| Keywords |
horse; temporomandibular joint; mastication; kinematics |
| Abstract |
Summary Reasons for performing study: Previous studies have suggested that temporomandibular joint (TMJ) kinematics depend on the type of food being masticated, but accurate measurements of TMJ motion in horses chewing different feeds have not been published. Hypothesis: The temporomandibular joint has a larger range of motion when horses chew hay compared to pellets. Methods: An optical motion capture system was used to track skin markers on the skull and mandible of 7 horses as they chewed hay and pellets. A virtual marker was created on the midline between the mandibles at the level of the 4th premolar teeth to represent the overall motion of the mandible relative to the skull during the chewing cycle. Results: Frequency of the chewing cycles was lower for hay than for pellets. Excursions of the virtual mandibular marker were significantly larger in all 3 directions when chewing hay compared to pellets. The mean velocity of the virtual mandibular marker during the chewing cycle was the same when chewing the 2 feeds. Conclusions: The range of mediolateral displacement of the mandible was sufficient to give full occlusal contact of the upper and lower dental arcades when chewing hay but not when chewing pellets. Potential relevance: These findings support the suggestion that horses receiving a diet high in concentrate feeds may require more frequent dental prophylactic examinations and treatments to avoid the development of dental irregularities associated with smaller mandibular excursions during chewing. |
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American Medical Association (AMA) |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0425-1644 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
doi: 10.2746/042516407X157792 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6513 |
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| Author |
Sigurjónsdóttir, H.; Haraldsson, H. |
| Title |
Significance of Group Composition for the Welfare of Pastured Horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Animals |
Abbreviated Journal |
Animals |
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
horse welfare; aggression; allogrooming; pastured horses; Icelandic horse |
| Abstract |
We explore how herd composition and management factors correlate with frequencies of social interactions in horse groups. Since the welfare of horses correlates with low aggression levels and social contact opportunities, information of this kind is important. The data are a collection of records of social interactions of 426 Icelandic horses in 20 groups of at least eight horses. The complexities and limitations of the data prohibit useful statistical modelling so the results are presented descriptively. Interesting and informative patterns emerge which can be of use both in management and in future studies. Of special interest are the low levels of agonistic behaviours in breeding groups where one stallion was present. The horses were less agonistic when in groups with young foals and where group membership was stable. Unfamiliar yearlings in peer groups were especially aggressive. Allogrooming was most frequent in groups with relatively more young horses and in unstable and small groups. Interestingly, the horses allogroomed more if they had few preferred allogrooming partners. The findings show that composition (age/sex) and stability of groups are of great importance with respect to aggression levels and opportunities for establishing bonds. |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
Animals |
| Series Volume |
9 |
Series Issue |
1 |
Edition |
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| ISSN |
2076-2615 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6510 |
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| Author |
Herbst, C.T.; Herzel, H.; Svec, J.G.; Wyman, M.T.; Fitch, W.T. |
| Title |
Visualization of system dynamics using phasegrams |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
J R Soc Interface |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Herbst2013 |
Serial |
6487 |
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| Author |
Richards, D.G.; Wiley, R.H. |
| Title |
Reverberations and Amplitude Fluctuations in the Propagation of Sound in a Forest: Implications for Animal Communication |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Am Nat |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
115 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Richards2008 |
Serial |
6485 |
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| Author |
Riede, T.; Herzel, H.; Mehwald, D.; Seidner, W.; Trumler, E.; Böhme, G. |
| Title |
Nonlinear phenomena in the natural howling of a dog-wolf mix |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
J Acoust Soc Am |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
108 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Riede2000 |
Serial |
6484 |
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