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Author |
Quaresmini, C.; Forrester, G.S.; Spiezio, C.; Vallortigara, G. |
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Title |
Social environment elicits lateralized behaviors in gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Comparative Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
128 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
276-284 |
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Keywords |
*Animal Ethology; *Animal Social Behavior; *Chimpanzees; *Gorillas; *Social Influences; Cerebral Dominance; Lateral Dominance; Social Environments |
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Abstract |
The influence of the social environment on lateralized behaviors has now been investigated across a wide variety of animal species. New evidence suggests that the social environment can modulate behavior. Currently, there is a paucity of data relating to how primates navigate their environmental space, and investigations that consider the naturalistic context of the individual are few and fragmented. Moreover, there are competing theories about whether only the right or rather both cerebral hemispheres are involved in the processing of social stimuli, especially in emotion processing. Here we provide the first report of lateralized social behaviors elicited by great apes. We employed a continuous focal animal sampling method to record the spontaneous interactions of a captive zoo-living colony of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and a biological family group of peer-reared western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). We specifically focused on which side of the body (i.e., front, rear, left, right) the focal individual preferred to keep conspecifics. Utilizing a newly developed quantitative corpus-coding scheme, analysis revealed both chimpanzees and gorillas demonstrated a significant group-level preference for focal individuals to keep conspecifics positioned to the front of them compared with behind them. More interestingly, both groups also manifested a population-level bias to keep conspecifics on their left side compared with their right side. Our findings suggest a social processing dominance of the right hemisphere for context-specific social environments. Results are discussed in light of the evolutionary adaptive value of social stimulus as a triggering factor for the manifestation of group-level lateralized behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) |
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Address  |
Quaresmini, Caterina: Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, University of Trento, Corso Bettini 31, Rovereto, Italy, 38068, caterina.quaresmini@gmail.com |
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American Psychological Association |
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Us |
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1939-2087(Electronic),0735-7036(Print) |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ 2014-13828-001 |
Serial |
6396 |
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Author |
Nuñez, C.M.V.; Adelman, J.S.; Smith, J.; Gesquiere, L.R.; Rubenstein, D.I. |
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Title |
Linking social environment and stress physiology in feral mares (Equus caballus): Group transfers elevate fecal cortisol levels |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
General and Comparative Endocrinology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
196 |
Issue |
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Pages |
26-33 |
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Keywords |
Equus caballus; Fecal cortisol; Feral mare; Group transfer; Stress; Social instability |
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Abstract |
Abstract Feral horses (Equus caballus) have a complex social structure, the stability of which is important to their overall health. Behavioral and demographic research has shown that decreases in group (or band) stability reduce female fitness, but the potential effects on the physiological stress response have not been demonstrated. To fully understand how band stability affects group-member fitness, we need to understand not only behavioral and demographic, but also physiological consequences of decreases to that stability. We studied group changes in feral mares (an activity that induces instability, including both male and female aggression) on Shackleford Banks, NC. We found that mares in the midst of changing groups exhibit increased fecal cortisol levels. In addition, mares making more group transfers show higher levels of cortisol two weeks post-behavior. These results offer insights into how social instability is integrated into an animal’s physiological phenotype. In addition, our results have important implications for feral horse management. On Shackleford Banks, mares contracepted with porcine zona pellucida (PZP) make approximately 10 times as many group changes as do untreated mares. Such animals may therefore be at higher risk of chronic stress. These results support the growing consensus that links between behavior and physiological stress must be taken into account when managing for healthy, functional populations. |
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0016-6480 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5743 |
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Author |
Krueger, K.; Koenig von Borstel, U. |
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Title |
Grundlagen der Sinneswahrnehmung von Pferden |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Pferde verstehen – Umgang und Bodenarbeit |
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38 - 54 |
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FN Verlag der deutschen Reiterlichen Vereinigung GmbH |
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Warendorf |
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Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung e.V. |
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978-3-88542-793-3 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5942 |
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Author |
Krueger, K.; Koenig von Borstel, U. |
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Title |
Wie Pferde lernen |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Pferde verstehen – Umgang und Bodenarbeit |
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Pages |
56-82 |
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FN Verlag der deutschen Reiterlichen Vereinigung GmbH |
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Warendorf |
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Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung e.V. |
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978-3-88542-793-3 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5943 |
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Author |
Krueger, K. |
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Title |
“Pferdehaltung und Ethologie der Pferde” im Bachelorstudiengang Pferdewirtschaft |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Forschendes Lernen initiieren, umsetzen und reflektieren |
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54-81 |
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UniversitätsVerlag Webler |
Place of Publication |
Bielefeld |
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: S. Lepp und C. Niederdrenk-Felgner |
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10: 3-937026-91-6 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5944 |
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Author |
Krueger, K. |
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Title |
Die Bedeutung der Schiefe, Händigkeit und sensorische Lateralität der Pferde |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
Publication |
Pferdetage Baden-Württemberg 2014 |
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Matthaes Medien |
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Stuttgart |
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978-3-938053-11-9 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5952 |
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Author |
Wolter, R.; Pantel, N.; Möstl, E.; Küger, K. |
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Title |
Das Verhalten von Przewalski Pferden in Semi-Reservaten |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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Pferdetage Baden-Württemberg 2014 |
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Matthaes Medien |
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Stuttgart |
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978-3-938053-11-9 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5953 |
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Author |
Lerbs, S.; Raue, T.; Krüger, K. |
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Title |
Gibt es einen Zusammenhang zwischen natürlicher Schiefe und motorischer und sensorischer Einseitigkeit der Fohlen (Equus caballus)? |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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Pferdetage Baden-Württemberg 2014 |
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Matthaes Medien |
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Stuttgart |
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978-3-938053-11-9 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5954 |
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Author |
Wathan, J.; McComb, K. |
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Title |
The eyes and ears are visual indicators of attention in domestic horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Current Biology |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
15 |
Pages |
R677-R679 |
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Abstract |
Summary Sensitivity to the attentional states of others has adaptive advantages [1], and in social animals, attending to others is important for predator detection, as well as a pre-requisite for normal social functioning and more complex socio-cognitive abilities [2]. Despite widespread interest in how social species perceive attention in others, studies of non-human animals have been inconclusive about the detailed cues involved [3]. Previous work has focused on head and eye direction, overlooking the fact that many mammals have obvious and mobile ears that could act as a visual cue to attention. Here we report that horses use the head orientation of a conspecific to locate food, but that this ability is disrupted when parts of the face (the eyes and ears) are covered up with naturalistic masks. The ability to correctly judge attention also interacted with the identity of the model horse, suggesting that individual differences in facial features may influence the salience of cues. Our results indicate that a combination of head orientation with facial expression, specifically involving both the eyes and ears, is necessary for communicating social attention. These findings emphasise that in order to understand how attention is communicated in non-human animals, it is essential to consider a broad range of cues. |
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ISSN |
0960-9822 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5929 |
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Author |
Krueger, K.; Farmer, K.; Heinze, J. |
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Title |
The effects of age, rank and neophobia on social learning in horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
645-655 |
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Keywords |
Horse; Social learning; Sociality; Ecology; Social relationships |
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Abstract |
Social learning is said to meet the demands of complex environments in which individuals compete over resources and co-operate to share resources. Horses (Equus caballus) were thought to lack social learning skills because they feed on homogenously distributed resources with few reasons for conflict. However, the horse’s social environment is complex, which raises the possibility that its capacity for social transfer of feeding behaviour has been underestimated. We conducted a social learning experiment using 30 socially kept horses of different ages. Five horses, one from each group, were chosen as demonstrators, and the remaining 25 horses were designated observers. Observers from each group were allowed to watch their group demonstrator opening a feeding apparatus. We found that young, low ranking, and more exploratory horses learned by observing older members of their own group, and the older the horse, the more slowly it appeared to learn. Social learning may be an adaptive specialisation to the social environment. Older animals may avoid the potential costs of acquiring complex and potentially disadvantageous feeding behaviours from younger group members. We argue that horses show social learning in the context of their social ecology, and that research procedures must take such contexts into account. Misconceptions about the horse’s sociality may have hampered earlier studies. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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English |
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1435-9448 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5737 |
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