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| Author | Becker-Birck, M.; Schmidt, A.; Wulf, M.; Aurich, J.; von der Wense, A.; Möstl, E.; Berz, R.; Aurich, C. | ||||
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Cortisol release, heart rate and heart rate variability, and superficial body temperature, in horses lunged either with hyperflexion of the neck or with an extended head and neck position | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 97 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 322-330 |
| Keywords | animal welfare; equitation; stress; training | ||||
| Abstract | Bringing the head and neck of ridden horses into a position of hyperflexion is widely used in equestrian sports. In our study, the hypothesis was tested that hyperflexion is an acute stressor for horses. Salivary cortisol concentrations, heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV) and superficial body temperature were determined in horses (n = 16) lunged on two subsequent days. The head and neck of the horse was fixed with side reins in a position allowing forward extension on day A and fixed in hyperflexion on day B. The order of treatments alternated between horses. In response to lunging, cortisol concentration increased (day A from 0.73 ± 0.06 to 1.41 ± 0.13 ng/ml, p < 0.001; day B from 0.68 ± 0.07 to 1.38 ± 0.13 ng/ml, p < 0.001) but did not differ between days A and B. Beat-to-beat (RR) interval decreased in response to lunging on both days. HRV variables standard deviation of RR interval (SDRR) and RMSSD (root mean square of successive RR differences) decreased (p < 0.001) but did not differ between days. In the cranial region of the neck, the difference between maximum and minimum temperature was increased in hyperflexion (p < 0.01). In conclusion, physiological parameters do not indicate an acute stress response to hyperflexion of the head alone in horses lunged at moderate speed and not touched with the whip. However, if hyperflexion is combined with active intervention of a rider, a stressful experience for the horse cannot be excluded. | ||||
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| Publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1439-0396 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6182 | ||
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| Author | Healy, S.D.; Rowe, C. | ||||
| Title |
Costs and benefits of evolving a larger brain: doubts over the evidence that large brains lead to better cognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Anim Behav | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 86 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Healy2013 | Serial | 6317 | ||
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| Author | Bates, L.A.; Byrne, R.W. | ||||
| Title |
Creative or created: Using anecdotes to investigate animal cognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Methods | Abbreviated Journal | Methods |
| Volume | 42 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 12-21 |
| Keywords | Anecdote; Creativity; Intelligence; Deception; Innovation; African elephant | ||||
| Abstract | In non-human animals, creative behaviour occurs spontaneously only at low frequencies, so is typically missed by standardised observational methods. Experimental approaches have tended to rely overly on paradigms from child development or adult human cognition, which may be inappropriate for species that inhabit very different perceptual worlds and possess quite different motor capacities than humans. The analysis of anecdotes offers a solution to this impasse, provided certain conditions are met. To be reliable, anecdotes must be recorded immediately after observation, and only the records of scientists experienced with the species and the individuals concerned should be used. Even then, interpretation of a single record is always ambiguous, and analysis is feasible only when collation of multiple records shows that a behaviour pattern occurs repeatedly under similar circumstances. This approach has been used successfully to study a number of creative capacities of animals: the distribution, nature and neural correlates of deception across the primate order; the occurrence of teaching in animals; and the neural correlates of several aptitudes--in birds, foraging innovation, and in primates, innovation, social learning and tool-use. Drawing on these approaches, we describe the use of this method to investigate a new problem, the cognition of the African elephant, a species whose sheer size and evolutionary distance from humans renders the conventional methods of comparative psychology of little use. The aim is both to chart the creative cognitive capacities of this species, and to devise appropriate experimental methods to confirm and extend previous findings. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1046-2023 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | also special issue: Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Creativity: A Toolkit | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6185 | ||
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| Author | Nakamura, K.; Takimoto-Inose, A.; Hasegawa, T. | ||||
| Title |
Cross-modal perception of human emotion in domestic horses (Equus caballus) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Scientific Reports | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 8660 |
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| Abstract | Humans have domesticated many kinds of animals in their history. Dogs and horses have particularly close relationships with humans as cooperative partners. However, fewer scientific studies have been conducted on cognition in horses compared to dogs. Studies have shown that horses cross-modally distinguish human facial expressions and recognize familiar people, which suggests that they also cross-modally distinguish human emotions. In the present study, we used the expectancy violation method to investigate whether horses cross-modally perceive human emotions. Horses were shown a picture of a human facial expression on a screen, and they then heard a human voice from the speaker before the screen. The emotional values of the visual and auditory stimuli were the same in the congruent condition and different in the incongruent condition. Horses looked at the speaker significantly longer in the incongruent condition than in the congruent condition when they heard their caretaker's voices but not when they heard the stranger voice. In addition, they responded significantly more quickly to the voice in the incongruent condition than in the congruent one. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that horses cross-modally recognized the emotional states of their caretakers and strangers. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2045-2322 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Nakamura2018 | Serial | 6391 | ||
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| Author | Sabou, M.; Bontcheva, K.; Scharl, A. | ||||
| Title |
Crowdsourcing Research Opportunities: Lessons from Natural Language Processing | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-18 | ||
| Keywords | crowdsourcing, games with a purpose, natural language processing, resource acquisition | ||||
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| Publisher | Acm | Place of Publication | New York, NY, USA | Editor | |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | i-KNOW '12 | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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| ISSN | 978-1-4503-1242-4 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Sabou:2012:CRO:2362456.2362479 | Serial | 6436 | ||
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| Author | Krösbacher, A. E. | ||||
| Title |
Das Arabische Vollblut: Eine kontrovers diskutierte Rasse: Was steckt wirklich hinter der Zucht dieser edlen Pferde? | Type | Manuscript | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Bachelor's thesis | |||
| Publisher | University for Veterinarian Medicine Vienna | Place of Publication | Vienna | Editor | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6544 | ||
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| Author | Gadhöfer, R.; Krüger, K.; Zanger, M. | ||||
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Der Bockhuf – Entstehung, Verlauf und Therapie | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Publisher | Xenophon Verlag | Place of Publication | Wald | Editor | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 13: 978-3956250125 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6652 | ||
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| Author | Gadhöfer, R.; Krüger, K.; Zanger, M. | ||||
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Der Bockhuf – Entstehung, Verlauf und Therapie | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Publisher | Xenophon Verlag | Place of Publication | Wald | Editor | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-3956250125 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6656 | ||
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| Author | Blatz, S.; Krüger,K.; Zanger, M. | ||||
| Title |
Der Hufmechanismus – was wir wirklich wissen! Eine historische und fachliche Auseinandersetzung mit der Biomechanik des Hufes | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Huf Hufmechanismus Pferd | ||||
| Abstract | Der Hufmechanismus – wir alle glauben ihn zu kennen und zu wissen wie er funktioniert. Doch wussten Sie, dass nach über 250 Jahren der Forschung immer noch keine eindeutige Aussage dazu getroffen werden kann, wie der Hufmechanismus genau entsteht, vonstattengeht und wie er bei der Hufbearbeitung berücksichtigt werden muss? Die Ergebnisse von 50 Studien unterstützen die Elastizitätstheorie. Sie beschreibt einen individuellen Hufmechanismus, der von Pferd zu Pferd unterschiedlich und von mannigfaltigen Faktoren abhängig ist. Der Hufmechanismus zeigt sich als ebenso anpassungsfähig wie die Hufform selbst. Daher sollte bei der Hufbearbeitung und beim Beschlag mit Maß und Weitblick die optimale und individuelle Lösung für jedes Pferd gefunden werden. |
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| Publisher | Xenophon Verlag e.K. | Place of Publication | Wald | Editor | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-3-95625-004-0 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6404 | ||
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| Author | Baragli, P.; Vitale, V.; Paoletti, E.; Sighieri, C.; Reddon, A.R. | ||||
| Title |
Detour behaviour in horses (Equus caballus) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Journal of Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | J. Ethol. |
| Volume | 29 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 227-234 |
| Keywords | Detour behaviour; Equus caballus; Horses; Lateralization; Spatial reasoning | ||||
| Abstract | The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of horses (Equus caballus) to detour around symmetric and asymmetric obstacles. Ten female Italian saddle horses were each used in three detour tasks. In the first task, the ability to detour around a symmetrical obstacle was evaluated; in the second and third tasks subjects were required to perform a detour around an asymmetrical obstacle with two different degrees of asymmetry. The direction chosen to move around the obstacle and time required to make the detour were recorded. The results suggest that horses have the spatial abilities required to perform detour tasks with both symmetric and asymmetric obstacles. The strategy used to perform the task varied between subjects. For five horses, lateralized behaviour was observed when detouring the obstacle; this was consistently in one direction (three on the left and two on the right). For these horses, no evidence of spatial learning or reasoning was found. The other five horses did not solve this task in a lateralized manner, and a trend towards decreasing lateralization was observed as asymmetry, and hence task difficulty, increased. These non-lateralized horses may have higher spatial reasoning abilities. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer Japan | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0289-0771 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5686 | ||
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