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Author |
Nissen, J. |
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Title |
Enzyklopädie der Pferderassen |
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Year  |
1998 |
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Kosmos |
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Stuttgart |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6543 |
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Author |
M, E.; östl,.; Messmann, S.; Bagu, E.; Robia, C.; Palme, R. |
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Title |
Measurement of Glucocorticoid Metabolite Concentrations in Faeces of Domestic Livestock |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Vet. Med. A |
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Volume |
46 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
621-631 |
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Abstract |
After 14C-labelled cortisol infusion in ponies and pigs, faecal samples were collected. Extraction of 0.5 g faeces with 5 ml 80–90 % methanol yielded the highest radioactivity in the supernatant. Most of the metabolites were ether soluble. After high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the presence of immunoreactive metabolites was demonstrated by measuring each HPLC fraction using enzyme immunoassays for cortisol, corticosterone and 11-oxoaetiocholanolone. Only the assay for 11-oxoaetiocholanolone revealed peaks with co-eluting radioactivity. For biological validation of the test system, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and dexamethasone were injected intravenously successively in both species (n = 6). Cortisol concentration in blood and the 11-oxoaetiocholanolone immunoreactive substances in faeces were determined. In horse faeces, basal values of 2.3–35.2 nmol/kg were measured. After ACTH administration, an increase (more than 200 % above basal values) of these metabolites was seen about 1 day after ACTH administration. After dexamethasone injection the levels decreased, reaching minimum concentrations 2 days after administration. In pigs, an increase in these metabolites was measured in only three animals after ACTH; dexamethasone did not cause a decrease. The stability of the samples after defecation was tested by storing samples from cows, horses and pigs at room temperature. It was shown that there was a significant increase in the concentration of measured cortisol metabolites in bovine, equine and porcine faeces after storage for 1 h, 4 h and 24 h, respectively. In frozen samples this effect was diminished after thawing samples at 40°C; thawing the samples at 95°C prevented an increase in immunoreactive substances. |
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Blackwell Science, Ltd |
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ISSN |
1439-0442 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6043 |
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Author |
McDonnell, S. |
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Title |
Understanding horse behavior. Your guide to horse health care and management |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
1999 |
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99 pp. |
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The author has conducted much research on equine behaviour, and here presents her findings in a form suitable for owners of horses. Common behavioural problems are mentioned. |
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Blood-Horse Inc. |
Place of Publication |
Lexington, KY 40544-4038 |
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English |
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1581500173 |
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Author Affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA. |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6155 |
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Author |
Mladenoff, D.J.; Sickley, T.A.; Wydeven, A.P. |
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Title |
Predicting gray wolf landscape recolonization: logistic regression models vs. new field data |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Ecol Appl |
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Volume |
9 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Mladenoff1999 |
Serial |
6442 |
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Author |
Custance, D.; Whiten, A.; Fredman, T. |
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Title |
Social learning of an artificial fruit task in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Journal of Comparative Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Comp. Psychol. |
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113 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
13-23 |
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Abstract |
Social learning in 11 human-raised capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) was investigated using an artificial fruit that was designed as an analogue of natural foraging problems faced by primates. Each subject observed a human model open each of 3 principal components on the fruit in 1 of 2 alternative ways (“morphs”). The capuchin monkeys reproduced, to differing extents, the alternative techniques used for opening 1 component of the task (poking vs. pulling while twisting out a pair of smooth plastic bolts) but not the other 2. From the subjects' actions on the bolt latch, independent coders could recognize which morph they had witnessed, and they observed a degree of matching to the demonstrator's act consistent with simple imitation or object movement reenactment (A learns from watching B how an object, or parts of an object, move). Thus, these capuchins were capable of more complex social learning than has been recently ascribed to monkeys. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6563 |
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Author |
Taberlet, P.; Waits, L.P.; Luikart, G. |
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Title |
Noninvasive genetic sampling: look before you leap |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Trends in Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Trends Ecol. Evol |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
323-327 |
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Keywords |
Hairs; Feces; Feathers; Allelic dropout; Individual identification; Conservation genetics; Behavioural ecology; Pilot study; Microsatellites; Probability of identity |
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Noninvasive sampling allows genetic studies of free-ranging animals without the need to capture or even observe them, and thus allows questions to be addressed that cannot be answered using conventional methods. Initially, this sampling strategy promised to exploit fully the existing DNA-based technology for studies in ethology, conservation biology and population genetics. However, recent work now indicates the need for a more cautious approach, which includes quantifying the genotyping error rate. Despite this, many of the difficulties of noninvasive sampling will probably be overcome with improved methodology. |
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0169-5347 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6573 |
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Author |
Goodwin, D. |
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Title |
The importance of ethology in understanding the behaviour of the horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Veterinary Journal |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
S28 |
Pages |
15-19 |
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Keywords |
horse; behaviour; domestication; interspecific communication |
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Summary Domestication has provided the horse with food, shelter, veterinary care and protection, allowing individuals an increased chance of survival. However, the restriction of movement, limited breeding opportunities and a requirement to expend energy, for the benefit of another species, conflict with the evolutionary processes which shaped the behaviour of its predecessors. The behaviour of the horse is defined by its niche as a social prey species but many of the traits which ensured the survival of its ancestors are difficult to accommodate in the domestic environment. There has been a long association between horses and man and many features of equine behaviour suggest a predisposition to interspecific cooperation. However, the importance of dominance in human understanding of social systems has tended to overemphasise its importance in the human-horse relationship. The evolving horse-human relationship from predation to companionship, has resulted in serial conflicts of interest for equine and human participants. Only by understanding the nature and origin of these conflicts can ethologists encourage equine management practices which minimise deleterious effects on the behaviour of the horse. |
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American Medical Association (AMA) |
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0425-1644 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6714 |
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Author |
Merl, S.; Scherzer, S.; Palme, R.; Möstl, E. |
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Title |
Pain causes increased concentrations of glucocorticoid metabolites in horse feces |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Equine Vet Sci |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
586-590 |
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Abstract |
The concentration of 11,17-dioxoandrostanes (11,17-DOA), a group of cortisol metabolites, was measured using enzyme immunoassay in fecal samples of horses experiencing painful episodes. One group of horses consisted of 10 stallions castrated (samples were collected daily for 10 days); the other group was made up of 29 horses which were brought to an animal hospital because of signs of colic (samples were collected twice daily for six days). Before castration, median concentrations of 10.5 nmol/kg feces were measured. On days 1 and 2 after castration, median 11,17-DOA values increased up to 26.2 and 50.0 nmol/kg feces, respectively, and decreased thereafter to levels lower than at the beginning of the sampling period. High variations were measured between individual cases of colic. In animals with colic, all horses excreted more than 33 nmol 11,17-DOA/kg feces for various periods. The highest concentration measured was 885 nmol/kg feces. One animal out of the 29 colic horses did not show any clinical signs of pain upon arrival in the hospital. The 11,17-DOA values were below 17 nmol/kg feces in all those samples. From this data we conclude, that the concentration of 11,17-DOA in feces is a parameter for painful situations that have occurred one or two days earlier. |
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ISSN |
0737-0806 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6047 |
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Author |
Silanikove, N. |
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Title |
The physiological basis of adaptation in goats to harsh environments |
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Year |
2000 |
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Small Rum Res |
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35 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Silanikove2000 |
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6255 |
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Author |
Aldezabal, A.; Garin, I. |
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Title |
Browsing preference of feral goats (Capra hircus L.) in a Mediterranean mountain scrubland |
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2000 |
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J Arid Env |
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44 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Aldezabal2000 |
Serial |
6256 |
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