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Author Meriggi,A.; Lovari, S. openurl 
  Title A Review of Wolf Predation in Southern Europe: Does the Wolf Prefer Wild Prey to Livestock? Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1996 Publication Journal of Applled Ecology Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Ecol  
  Volume 33 Issue Pages 1561-1571  
  Keywords Canis lupus, conservation, food habits, prey abundance, prey availability.  
  Abstract 1. The recent recovery of the wolf in southern Europe has not yet removed the risk

of local extinction. Wolf populations are fragmented and often comprise fewer than

500 individuals. In North America, northern and eastern Europe, wolves feed maiiily

on wild herbivores. In southern Europe, this canid has apparently adapted to feed

also on fruit, rubbish, livestock, small and medium-size mammals.

2. The main conservation problem lies with predation o n domestic ~ingulates,w liich

leads to extensive killing of wolves. The reintroduction of wild large herbivores has

been advocated as a means of reducing attacks on livestock, but predatiori on the

latter may remain high if domestic ungulates are locally abundant.

3. Our synthesis of 15 studies, published in the last 15 years, on food habits of the

wolf in southern Europe, has shown that ungulates have been the main diet component

overall. A significant inverse correlation was found between the occurrence (%) of

wild and domestic ungulates in the diet. The presence of relatively few wild ungulate

species was necessary to reduce predation on livestock.

4. Selection of wild and domestic ungulate prey was influenced mainly by their local

abundance, but also by their accessibility. Feeding dependence on rubbish was local

and rare. In Italy, the consumption of riibbish/fruit and that of ungulates was significantly

negatively correlated. Diet breadth increased as the presence of large prey

in tlie diet decreased.

5. The simultaneous reintroduction of severa1 wild ungulate species is likely to reduce

predation on livestock and may prove to be one of the most effective conservation

measures.
 
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6387  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Palme, R.; Moestl, E. openurl 
  Title Measurement of cortisol metabolites in faeces of sheep as a parameter of cortisol concentration in blood Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1997 Publication Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde Abbreviated Journal J. Mammal. Biol.  
  Volume 62 Issue Pages 192-197  
  Keywords glucocorticoids, metabolites, animal biology, sheep, immunoenzyme techniques,  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6044  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Shmidt Mech, L.D. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Wolf pack size and food acquisition Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1997 Publication Am Nat Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 150 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Shmidt Mech1997 Serial 6482  
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Author Kräußlich, H.; Brem, G. openurl 
  Title Tierzucht und allgemeine Landwirtschaftslehre für Tiermediziner Type Book Whole
  Year (up) 1997 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Enke Place of Publication Stuttgart Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6542  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Daniel, J.C.; Mikulka, P.J. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Discrimination learning in the white rhinoceros Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.  
  Volume 58 Issue 1–2 Pages 197-202  
  Keywords Rhinoceros; Learning  
  Abstract This study examined the ability of two adult white rhinoceroses (Ceratotherium simum simum) to develop a visual discrimination between an open circle and a triangle. These stimuli were presented as black symbols on large white cards. The cards were presented 4.6 m apart and a food reward was given if the subject approached the open circle. Ten discrimination choices were given daily until each subject reached the criterion of 80% correct responding over a block of 50 trials. The female reached the criterion over trials 151–200, while the male required considerably longer (trials 501–550). The male's discrimination was dramatically affected by a shift in the food reward. This study demonstrates that these rhinos were able to develop a successful discrimination and this protocol could be used to further examine their visual acuity.  
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  ISSN 0168-1591 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6145  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Klingel, H. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Observations on social organization and behaviour of African and Asiatic Wild Asses (Equus africanus and Equus hemionus) Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl Anim Behav Sci  
  Volume 60 Issue 2 Pages 103-113  
  Keywords Equus africanus Equus hemionus Territoriality  
  Abstract 1This paper appears with kind permission of Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin and Hamburg. It was originally published in Z. Tierpsychol., 44, 323-331 (1977), ISSN 0044-3573/ASTM-Coden: ZETIAG.1

Abstract

African and Asiatic Wild Asses (Equus africanus and Equus hemionus) live in unstable groups or herds of variable composition. Some of the adult stallions are territorial in large territories in which they tolerate other ♂♂. The territorial ♂♂ are dominant over all their conspecifics
 
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6173  
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Author Mench, J.A.; Morrow-Tesch, J.; Chu, L.-R. isbn  openurl
  Title Environmental enrichment for farm animals Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Lab Animal Abbreviated Journal Lab Anim.  
  Volume 27 Issue Pages 32-36  
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  ISSN ISBN ISSN : 0093-7355 Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6188  
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Author Zohary, D.; Tchernov, E.; Horwitz, L.K. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The role of unconscious selection in the domestication of sheep and goats Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication J Zool Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 245 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Zohary1998 Serial 6240  
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Author Whiten, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Imitation of the sequential structure of actions by chimpanzees Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication J Comp Psychol Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 11 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Whiten1998 Serial 6291  
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Author Breitenmoser, U. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Large predators in the Alps: the fall and rise of man's competitors Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1998 Publication Biol Conserv Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 83 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Breitenmoser1998 Serial 6450  
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