| Records |
| Author |
Rubin, L.; Oppegard, C.; Hindz, H.F. |
| Title |
The effect of varying the temporal distribution of conditioning trials on equine learning behavior |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year  |
1980 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Anim Sci. |
| Volume |
50 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1184-1187 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Conditioning (Psychology); *Horses; *Learning |
| Abstract |
Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of varying the temporal distrbution of conditioning sessions on equine learning behavior. In the first experiment, 15 ponies were trained to clear a small hurdle in response to a buzzer in order to avoid a mild electric shock. Three treatments were used. One group received 10 learning trials daily, seven times a week; one group was trained in the same fashion two times a week and one group was trained once a week. The animals conditioned only once a week achieved a high level of performance in significantly fewer sessions than the ones conditioned seven times a week, although elapsed time from start of training to completion was two to three times greater for the former group. The twice-a-week group learned at an intermediate rate. In the second experiment, the ponies were rearranged into three new groups. They were taught to move backward a specific distance in response to a visual cue in order to avoid an electric shock. Again, one group was trained seven times a week, one group was trained two times and one group was trained once a week. As in the first experiment, the animals trained once a week achieved the learning criteria in significantly fewer sessions than those trained seven times a week, but, as in trial 1, elapsed time from start to finish was greater for them. The two times-a-week group learned at a rate in-between the rates of the other two groups. |
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| Language |
English |
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| ISSN |
0021-8812 |
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| Notes |
PMID:7400060 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3558 |
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| Author |
Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Harvey, P.H. |
| Title |
Primates, brains and ecology |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Journal of Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Zool. Lond. |
| Volume |
190 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
309-323 |
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| Abstract |
The paper examines systematic relationships among primates between brain size (relative to body size) and differences in ecology and social system. Marked differences in relative brain size exist between families. These are correlated with inter-family differences in body size and home range size. Variation in comparative brain size within families is related to diet (folivores have comparatively smaller brains than frugivores), home range size and possibly also to breeding system. The adaptive significance of these relationships is discussed. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1469-7998 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5451 |
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| Author |
Frank, H. |
| Title |
Evolution of canine information processing under conditions of natural and artificial selection |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1980 |
Publication |
Z Tierpsychol |
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| Volume |
5 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Frank1980 |
Serial |
6243 |
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| Author |
Beck, B. B. |
| Title |
Animal tool behaviour: The use and manufacture of tools by animals |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1980 |
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Garland |
Place of Publication |
New York |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6524 |
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| Author |
Houpt, K.A. |
| Title |
Equine behavior problems in relation to humane management |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Int. J. Stud. Anim Prob. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Stud. Anim. Prob. |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
329-337 |
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| Notes |
Cited By (since 1996): 7; Export Date: 21 October 2008 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4521 |
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| Author |
Frank, H.; Frank, M.G. |
| Title |
On the effects of domestication on canine social development and behavior |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Appl Anim Ethol |
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8 |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Frank1982 |
Serial |
6259 |
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| Author |
Harrington, F.H.; Mech, L.D. |
| Title |
An analysis of howling response parameters useful for wolf pack censusing |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
J Wildl Manag |
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| Volume |
46 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harrington1982 |
Serial |
6456 |
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| Author |
Boitani, L. |
| Title |
Patterns of homesites attendance in two Minnesota wolf packs |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Wolves of the World: Perspectives of Behavior, Ecology and Conservation |
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Noyes, Park Ridge |
Place of Publication |
New York |
Editor |
Harrington, F.H.; Paquet, P.C. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Boitani1982 |
Serial |
6474 |
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| Author |
Carson, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. |
| Title |
Equine behaviour: I. A review of the literature on social and dam--Foal behaviour |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
165-178 |
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| Abstract |
In most cases, the social organisation of each of the seven species of Equidae existing today outside captivity is either territorial or non-territorial. The striking differences found between these two types of organisation in the social grouping and bonds, mating behaviour, leadership and dominance hierarchies of the animals are examined. It is thought that the non-territorial species show a less primitive type of organisation than the territorial animals. Infant Equidae are precocious animals and are able to follow their dams soon after birth. They stay close by their dams and travel with the herd from an early age and are therefore classified as “followers”, in contrast to the species which have a period of hiding after birth. Dams recognise their foals immediately after birth, whereas it takes 2 or 3 days for a foal to form an attachment to its dam. Being in close proximity to their dams, foals are able to nurse frequently and, unless artificially weaned, a foal will nurse until its dam foals again. Foals start to graze during their first week and as they grow older they spend more time grazing and less time nursing and resting. It is normal for foals to be corprophagic until one month old, and this provides them with bacteria essential for the digestion of fibre. Play behaviour is solitary in very young foals, but after 4 weeks of age, foals play together, with male foals playing more than females and showing more aggressive, fighting movements in play. |
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0304-3762 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6671 |
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| Author |
DUNCAN P et al, |
| Title |
On lactation and associated behaviour in natural herd of horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1984 |
Publication |
Anim Behav |
Abbreviated Journal |
Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
255-263 |
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| Abstract |
Developmental changes in time spent suckling and related mother-foal behaviour are described in an unmanaged herd of Camargue horses. Male foals spent about 40% more time suckling than females during the first 8 weeks. Body weight did not differ between the sexes but time-budgets did: males grazed less and were more active. If pregnant, the typical multiparous mare nursed her foals for 35–40 weeks, males and females alike, and weaned them 15 weeks before the next foaling. Primiparae lactated longer and weaned closer to the next foaling by 5 weeks. The mares played an active role in regulating the time spent suckling in early, and particularly in late lactation. |
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| Notes |
from Prof. |
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no |
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Serial |
1033 |
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