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Author |
Sigurjónsdóttir , H. |
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Title |
Equine learning behaviour: The importance of evolutionary and ecological approach in research |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
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Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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40-42 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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624 |
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Heitor, F.; Vicente, L. |
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Title |
Learning about horses: What is equine learning all about? |
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2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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1 |
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34-36 |
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627 |
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Author |
Murphy, J.; Arkins, S. |
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Title |
Equine learning behaviour |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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1 |
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1-13 |
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Horse; Behaviour; Learning; Processes; Memory |
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Abstract |
Scientists and equestrians continually seek to achieve a clearer understanding of equine learning behaviour and its implications for training. Behavioural and learning processes in the horse are likely to influence not only equine athletic success but also the usefulness of the horse as a domesticated species. However given the status and commercial importance of the animal, equine learning behaviour has received only limited investigation. Indeed most experimental studies on equine cognitive function to date have addressed behaviour, learning and conceptualisation processes at a moderately basic cognitive level compared to studies in other species. It is however, likely that the horses with the greatest ability to learn and form/understand concepts are those, which are better equipped to succeed in terms of the human-horse relationship and the contemporary training environment. Within equitation generally, interpretation of the behavioural processes and training of the desired responses in the horse are normally attempted using negative reinforcement strategies. On the other hand, experimental designs to actually induce and/or measure equine learning rely almost exclusively on primary positive reinforcement regimes. Employing two such different approaches may complicate interpretation and lead to difficulties in identifying problematic or undesirable behaviours in the horse. The visual system provides the horse with direct access to immediate environmental stimuli that affect behaviour but vision in the horse is of yet not fully investigated or understood. Further investigations of the equine visual system will benefit our understanding of equine perception, cognitive function and the subsequent link with learning and training. More detailed comparative investigations of feral or free-ranging and domestic horses may provide useful evidence of attention, stress and motivational issues affecting behavioural and learning processes in the horse. The challenge for scientists is, as always, to design and commission experiments that will investigate and provide insight into these processes in a manner that withstands scientific scrutiny. |
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629 |
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Author |
Cooper, J.J. |
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Title |
Equine learning behaviour: Common knowledge and systematic research |
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Year |
2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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24-26 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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630 |
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Hothersall, B.; Nicol, C. |
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Title |
Equine learning behaviour: accounting for ecological constraints and relationships with humans in experimental design |
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Year |
2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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1 |
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45-48 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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632 |
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Author |
Creighton, E. |
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Title |
Equine learning behaviour: Limits of ability and ability limits of trainers |
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Year |
2007 |
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Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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1 |
Pages |
43-44 |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
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633 |
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Author |
Goodwin, D. |
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Title |
Equine learning behaviour: What we know, what we don't and future research priorities |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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17-19 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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634 |
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Author |
Linklater, W.L. |
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Title |
Equine learning in a wider context--Opportunities for integrative pluralism |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
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76 |
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53-56 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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635 |
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Author |
Ellard, M.-E.; Crowell-Davis, S.L. |
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Title |
Evaluating equine dominance in draft mares |
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Year |
1989 |
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Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
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Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
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24 |
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1 |
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55-75 |
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The social hierarchy of a herd of 12 draft mares was assessed using agonism in the field, paired-feeding tests and a group-feeding test. Results from the paired-feeding test correlated significantly, but imperfectly, with those from the field. Differential motivation among subjects for the feed and disruption of ambiguous relationships among mares reduced the reliability of the paired-feeding test as a measure of social dominance. Results from the group-feeding test did not correlate significantly with the field hierarchy and only a few mares ever ate from the bucket. Height, weight and age each correlated significantly with rank; a mare's tendency to remain alone did not. Total aggressive scores during the paired-feeding test correlated with rank. However, a high-ranking mare was no more aggressive to each of her subordinates than was a low-ranking mare. Rather, all mares aggressed more against individuals close in rank to themselves and with preferred field associates. In the field, mares associated most with other mares of similar rank. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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662 |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A. |
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Title |
Investigating equine ingestive, maternal, and sexual behavior in the field and in the laboratory |
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1991 |
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Journal of Animal Science |
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J. Anim Sci. |
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69 |
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10 |
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4161-4166 |
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Some of the techniques that may be used to study social, reproductive, and ingestive behavior in horses are described in this paper. One of the aspects of equine social behavior is the dominance hierarchy or patterns of agonistic behavior. Paired or group feeding from a single food source may be used to determine dominance hierarchies quickly. Focal animal studies of undisturbed groups of horses may also be used; this method takes longer, but may reveal affiliative as well as agonistic relationships among the horses. Reproductive behavior includes flehmen, the functional significance of which can be determined using combinations of field observations of harem groups and laboratory studies of stallions exposed to female urine or feces in the absence of the donor mare. Ingestive behavior may include food, salt, or water intake. Direct and indirect measurements of intake can be made and used to answer questions regarding the ability of horses to control their energy intake when the diet is diluted, the effect of feral equids on the ecology of an area, and the abilities of horses to compensate for dehydration and hypovolemia. |
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667 |
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