Records |
Author |
von Borstel, U.U.; Duncan, I.J.H.; Shoveller, A.K.; Merkies, K.; Keeling, L.J.; Millman, S.T. |
Title |
Impact of riding in a coercively obtained Rollkur posture on welfare and fear of performance horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume |
116 |
Issue |
2-4 |
Pages |
228-236 |
Keywords |
Horse; Coercive riding; Welfare; Rollkur; Fear; Training |
Abstract |
Rollkur, the usually coercively obtained hyperflexion of the horse's neck, is employed as a training method by some dressage riders; however, its use is controversial as it may cause discomfort and adversely affect the horse's welfare. The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) if horses showed differences in stress, discomfort and fear responses as measured by heart rate and behaviour when ridden in Rollkur (R) obtained by pressure on the reins compared to regular poll flexion (i.e. with the nose-line being at or just in front of the vertical; N), and (2) if they showed a preference between the two riding styles when given the choice. Fifteen riding horses were ridden 30 times through a Y-maze randomly alternating between sides. Riding through one arm of the Y-maze was always followed by a short round ridden in R, whereas riding through the other arm was followed by a short round ridden in N. Immediately after the conditioning phase, horses were again repeatedly ridden into the maze; however, riders left it to the horse to decide which arm of the maze to enter. During R, horses moved slower and showed more often behavioural signs of discomfort, such as tail-swishing, head-tossing or attempted bucks (P < 0.05), and 14 of the 15 horses chose significantly (P < 0.05) more often the maze-arm associated with N rather than R. Subsequently, eight of the horses were also subjected to two fear tests following a short ride in N as well as a ride in R. During R, horses tended to react stronger (P = 0.092) to the fear stimuli and to take longer (P = 0.087) to approach them. These findings indicate that a coercively obtained Rollkur position may be uncomfortable for horses and that it makes them more fearful and therefore potentially more dangerous to ride. Further studies need to assess horses' reaction to gradual training of Rollkur, as opposed to a coercively obtained hyperflexion, in order to decide whether the practice should be banned. |
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0168-1591 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5096 |
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Author |
Croft, D. P.; James, R..; Krause, J. (eds) |
Title |
Exploring Animal Social Networks |
Type |
Book Whole |
Year |
2008 |
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Princton University Press |
Place of Publication |
Princton |
Editor |
Croft, D. P.; James, R..; Krause, J. |
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9780691127521 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5139 |
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Author |
Aberle, K.S.; Hamann, H.; Drögemüller, C.; Distl, O. |
Title |
Genetic diversity in German draught horse breeds compared with a group of primitive, riding and wild horses by means of microsatellite DNA markers |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Animal Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Gen. |
Volume |
35 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
270-277 |
Keywords |
diversity; endangered breeds; genetic variation; horse; microsatellite |
Abstract |
Summary We compared the genetic diversity and distance among six German draught horse breeds to wild (Przewalski's Horse), primitive (Icelandic Horse, Sorraia Horse, Exmoor Pony) or riding horse breeds (Hanoverian Warmblood, Arabian) by means of genotypic information from 30 microsatellite loci. The draught horse breeds included the South German Coldblood, Rhenish German Draught Horse, Mecklenburg Coldblood, Saxon Thuringa Coldblood, Black Forest Horse and Schleswig Draught Horse. Despite large differences in population sizes, the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) differed little among the heavy horse breeds (0.64�0.71), but was considerably lower than in the Hanoverian Warmblood or Icelandic Horse population. The mean number of alleles (NA) decreased more markedly with declining population sizes of German draught horse breeds (5.2�6.3) but did not reach the values of Hanoverian Warmblood (NA = 6.7). The coefficient of differentiation among the heavy horse breeds showed 11.6% of the diversity between the heavy horse breeds, as opposed to 21.2% between the other horse populations. The differentiation test revealed highly significant genetic differences among all draught horse breeds except the Mecklenburg and Saxon Thuringa Coldbloods. The Schleswig Draught Horse was the most distinct draught horse breed. In conclusion, the study demonstrated a clear distinction among the German draught horse breeds and even among breeds with a very short history of divergence like Rhenish German Draught Horse and its East German subpopulations Mecklenburg and Saxon Thuringa Coldblood. |
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Blackwell Science Ltd |
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1365-2052 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5184 |
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Author |
Whiten A.; Byrne, R. W. (eds) |
Title |
Machiavellian Intelligence II – Extensions and Evaluations |
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Book Whole |
Year |
1997 |
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Cambridge University Press |
Place of Publication |
Cambridge |
Editor |
Whiten A.; Byrne, R. W. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5233 |
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Author |
Zenzinger, S. |
Title |
Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur optischen Kommunikation bei im Zoo gehaltenen Schabracken- und Flachlandtapiren (Tapirus indicus und Tapirus terrestris) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Der Zoologische Garten |
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Volume |
79 |
Issue |
4-5 |
Pages |
162-174 |
Keywords |
Tapirus indicus; Tapirus terrestris; communication; optical stimuli; posters; white ear rims; key stimulus |
Abstract |
Until now, unlike their relatives, rhinos and horses tapirs have received considerably less attention in studies about communication. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to test which stimuli contain optical information for tapirs. For this purpose, the reactions of tapirs on optical stimuli (posters with edited tapir silhouettes) were examined. Research visits took place at the zoos of Berlin, Dortmund, Heidelberg, Munich, Nuremberg and Osnabrück during the year 2006. A total of 23 individuals, thereof 8 (5.3) Malayan tapirs (Tapirus indicus) and 15 (5.10) Lowland tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) attended the experiment. The results of the optical test with variously intense edited tapir silhouettes speak for the importance of the white ear rims as a family specific key stimulus. But that effect could not be amplified by adding a greater extent of white to the silhouette. Tapirs of both species reacted most strongly to the normal tapir silhouette followed by a silhouette without proboscis. |
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0044-5169 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5321 |
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Author |
Tomkins, L.M.; McGreevy, P.D.; Branson, N.J. |
Title |
Lack of standardization in reporting motor laterality in the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Veterinary Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
235-239 |
Keywords |
dog; motor laterality; lateralization; paw preference; standardization |
Abstract |
Over the past 2 decades, numerous studies have been undertaken to assess motor laterality in the domestic dog. In anticipation of growth in this area of enquiry, we decided to review the literature on canine motor biases to identify any shortcomings, reflect on the lessons to be learned from and offer ways forward for future research into canine laterality. The aim of this review is to (i) summarize motor laterality findings in the dog, (ii) highlight areas lacking in standardization, and (iii) propose necessary criteria for future tests and global reporting protocols. Our review of the literature highlighted the lack of standardization between studies in task selection, sample size, number of behavior scores recorded, and the methods by which motor laterality were classified and reported. This review illustrates the benefits of standardizing methods of motor laterality assessment so that comparisons can be made between the populations sampled. By adopting such an approach, researchers should mutually benefit as motor laterality data could then be compared and subjected to meta-analysis. |
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1558-7878 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ S1558-7878(10)00038-9 |
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5378 |
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Author |
Tomkins, L.M.; Williams, K.A.; Thomson, P.C.; McGreevy, P.D. |
Title |
Sensory Jump Test as a measure of sensory (visual) lateralization in dogs (Canis familiaris) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Veterinary Behavior |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
256-267 |
Keywords |
sensory lateralization; monocular vision; binocular vision; jump kinematics; dog |
Abstract |
Sensory lateralization in dogs (n = 74) was investigated in this study using our innovation, the Sensory Jump Test. This required the modification of head halters to create three different ocular treatments (binocular, right, and left monocular vision) for eye preference assessment in a jumping task. Ten jumps were recorded as a jump set for each treatment. Measurements recorded included (i) launch and landing paws, (ii) type of jump, (iii) approach distance, (iv) clearance height of the forepaw, hindpaw, and the lowest part of the body to clear the jump, and (v) whether the jump was successful. Factors significantly associated with these jump outcomes included ocular treatment, jump set number, and replication number. Most notably, in the first jump set, findings indicated a left hemispheric dominance for the initial navigation of the Sensory Jump Test, as left monocular vision (LMV) compromised of jumping more than right monocular (RMV) and binocular vision, with a significantly reduced approach distance and forepaw clearance observed in dogs with LMV. However, by the third jump set, dogs undergoing LMV launched from a greater approach distance and with a higher clearance height, corresponding to an increase in success rate of the jump, in comparison with RMV and binocular vision dogs. A marginally non-significant RMV bias was observed for eye preference based on the laterality indices for approach distance (P = 0.060) and lowest body part clearance height (P = 0.067). A comparison between eye preference and launching or landing paws showed no association between these measures of sensory and motor laterality. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on sensory lateralization in the dog, and furthermore, to compare both motor and sensory laterality in dogs. |
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1558-7878 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ S1558-7878(10)00019-5 |
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5379 |
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Author |
Branson, N.J.; Rogers, L.J. |
Title |
Relationship between paw preference strength and noise phobia in Canis familiaris |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Journal of Comparative Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Comp. Psychol. |
Volume |
120 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
176-183 |
Keywords |
noise phobia; lateralization; paw preference; dog; fear |
Abstract |
The authors investigated the relationship between degree of lateralization and noise phobia in 48 domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) by scoring paw preference to hold a food object and relating it to reactivity to the sounds of thunderstorms and fireworks, measured by playback and a questionnaire. The dogs without a significant paw preference were significantly more reactive to the sounds than the dogs with either a left-paw or right-paw preference. Intense reactivity, therefore, is associated with a weaker strength of cerebral lateralization. The authors note the similarity between their finding and the weaker hand preferences shown in humans suffering extreme levels of anxiety and suggest neural mechanisms that may be involved. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) |
Address |
Branson, N. J.: Centre for Neuroscience and Animal Behavior, School of Biological, Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia, nbranson@une.edu.au |
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US: American Psychological Association |
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1939-2087 (Electronic); 0735-7036 (Print) |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ 2006-09888-002 |
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5384 |
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Author |
Parrish, J. K.; Viscido, S. V. |
Title |
Traffic rules of fish schools: A review of agent-based approaches. |
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Book Chapter |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Self-organisation and the evolution of social behaviour. |
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50-80 |
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Cambridge University Press |
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Cambridge |
Editor |
C. K. Hemelrijk |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5419 |
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Author |
Krueger, K. |
Title |
“Erfasst” das Pferd die menschliche Psyche" |
Type |
Book Chapter |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Pferdegestützte Therapie bei psychischen Erkrankungen |
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Pages |
40-51 |
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Schattauer Verlag |
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Stuttgart |
Editor |
Dettling, M.; Opgen-Rhein, C.; Kläschen, M. |
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978-3794527557 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5443 |
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