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| Author | Mech L.D. | ||||
| Title | Leadership in Wolf, Canis lupus, Packs. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Canadian Field-Naturalist | Abbreviated Journal | Can Field Nat |
| Volume | 114 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 259-263 |
| Keywords | Wolf, Canis lupus, leadership, behavior, foraging, movements, pup care, provisioning, sociality, reproduction, breeding, Northwest Territories. | ||||
| Abstract | I examine leadership in Wolf (Canis lupus) packs based on published observations and data gathered during summers from 1986 to 1998 studying a free-ranging pack of Wolves on Ellesmere Island that were habituated to my presence. The breeding male tended to initiate activities associated with foraging and travel, and the breeding female to initiate, and predominate in, pup care and protection. However, there was considerable overlap and interaction during these activities such that leadership could be considered a joint function. In packs with multiple breeders, quantitative information about leadership is needed. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4688 | ||
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| Author | Möstl, E.; Palme, R. | ||||
| Title | Hormones as indicators of stress | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Domestic Animal Endocrinology | Abbreviated Journal | Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 1–2 | Pages | 67-74 |
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| Abstract | Animal welfare is of increasing importance and absence of chronic stress is one of its prerequisites. During stress, various endocrine responses are involved to improve the fitness of the individual. The front-line hormones to overcome stressful situations are the glucocorticoids and catecholamines. These hormones are determined as a parameter of adrenal activity and thus of disturbance. The concentration of glucocorticoids (or their metabolites) can be measured in various body fluids or excreta. Above all, fecal samples offer the advantage that they can be easily collected and this procedure is feedback free. Recently, enzyme immunoassays (EIA) have been developed and successfully tested, to enable the measurement of groups of cortisol metabolites in animal feces. The determination of these metabolites in fecal samples is a practical method to monitor glucocorticoid production. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0739-7240 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5930 | ||
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| Author | Proops, L.; Burden, F.; Osthaus, B. | ||||
| Title | Mule cognition: a case of hybrid vigour? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 75-84 |
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| Abstract | Abstract: This study compares the behaviour of the mule (Equus asinus x Equus caballus) with that of its parent species to assess the effects of hybridization on cognition. Six mules, six ponies (E. caballus) and six donkeys (E. asinus) were given a two choice visual discrimination learning task. Each session consisted of 12 trials and pass level was reached when subjects chose the correct stimulus for at least 9 out of the 12 trials in three consecutive sessions. A record was made of how many pairs each subject learnt over 25 sessions. The mules" performance was significantly better than that of either of the parent species (Kruskal-Wallis: Hx = 8.11, P = 0.017). They were also the only group to learn enough pairs to be able to show a successive reduction in the number of sessions required to reach criterion level. This study provides the first empirical evidence that the improved characteristics of mules may be extended from physical attributes to cognitive function. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4714 | ||
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| Author | Slater, P.; Rosenblatt, J.; Snowdon, C.; Roper, T. | ||||
| Title | ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR, 31 | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | 31 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Description The aim of Advances in the Study of Behavior remains as it has been since the series began: to serve the increasing number of scientists who are engaged in the study of animal behavior by presenting their theoretical ideas and research to their colleagues and to those in neighboring fields. We hope that the series will continue its “contribution to the development of the field”, as its intended role was phrased in the Preface to the first volume in 1965. Since that time, traditional areas of animal behavior have achieved new vigor by the links they have formed with related fields and by the closer relationship that now exists between those studying animal and human subjects. Advances in the Study of Behavior, Volume 31 continues to serve scientists across a wide spectrum of disciplines. Focusing on new theories and research developments with respect to behavioral ecology, evolutionary biology, and comparative psychology, these volumes foster cooperation and communications in these dense fields. Audience Experimental psychologists studying animal behavior, comparative psychologists, ethologists, evolutionary biologists, and ichthyologists. Contents Contributors. Preface.M.L. East and H. Hofer, Conflict and Co-operation in a Female Dominated Society: A Re-assessment of the “Hyper-aggressive” Image of Spotted Hyenas.C. ten Cate, H. Slabbekoorn, and M.R. Ballintijn, Bird Song and Male-male Competition: Causes and Consequences of Vocal Variability in the Collared Dove (Streptopelia Decaocto).R.W. Byrne, Imitation of Novel Complex Actions: What Does the Evidence from Animals Mean?L.J. Rogers, Lateralization in Vertebrates: Its Early Evolution, General Pattern and Development.S.H. Hulse, Auditory Scene Analysis in Animal Communication.P.K. Stoddard, Electric Signals: Predation, Sex, and Environmental Constraints.T. Aubin and P. Jouventin, How to Vocally Identify Kin in a Crowd: The Penguin Model. Index. Contents of Previous Volumes. |
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| Publisher | ACADEMIC PRESS | Place of Publication |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-0-12-004531-0 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4736 | ||
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| Author | Lefebvre, L.; Reader, S.M.; Sol, D. | ||||
| Title | Brains, Innovations and Evolution in Birds and Primates | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Brain, Behavior and Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | Brain. Behav. Evol. |
| Volume | 63 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 233-246 |
| Keywords | Innovation W Brain evolution W Hyperstriatum ventrale W Neostriatum W Isocortex W Birds W Primates W Tool use W Invasion biology | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract Several comparative research programs have focusedon the cognitive, life history and ecological traits thataccount for variation in brain size. We review one ofthese programs, a program that uses the reported frequencyof behavioral innovation as an operational measureof cognition. In both birds and primates, innovationrate is positively correlated with the relative size of associationareas in the brain, the hyperstriatum ventrale andneostriatum in birds and the isocortex and striatum inprimates. Innovation rate is also positively correlatedwith the taxonomic distribution of tool use, as well asinterspecific differences in learning. Some features ofcognition have thus evolved in a remarkably similar wayin primates and at least six phyletically-independent avianlineages. In birds, innovation rate is associated withthe ability of species to deal with seasonal changes in theenvironment and to establish themselves in new regions,and it also appears to be related to the rate atwhich lineages diversify. Innovation rate provides a usefultool to quantify inter-taxon differences in cognitionand to test classic hypotheses regarding the evolution ofthe brain. |
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| ISSN | 0006-8977 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4738 | ||
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| Author | Cooper, J.J.; Albentosa, M.J. | ||||
| Title | Behavioural adaptation in the domestic horse: potential role of apparently abnormal responses including stereotypic behaviour | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Livestock Production Science | Abbreviated Journal | Livest. Prod. Sci. |
| Volume | 92 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 177-182 |
| Keywords | Behavioural adaptation; Horse; Stereotypic behaviour | ||||
| Abstract | Classically, biologists have considered adaptation of behavioural characteristics in terms of long-term functional benefits to the individual, such as survival or reproductive fitness. In captive species, including the domestic horse, this level of explanation is limited, as for the most part, horses are housed in conditions that differ markedly from those in which they evolved. In addition, an individual horse's reproductive fitness is largely determined by man rather than its own behavioural strategies. Perhaps for reasons of this kind, explanations of behavioural adaptation to environmental challenges by domestic animals, including the capacity to learn new responses to these challenges, tend to concentrate on the proximate causes of behaviour. However, understanding the original function of these adaptive responses can help us explain why animals perform apparently novel or functionless activities in certain housing conditions and may help us to appreciate what the animal welfare implications might be. This paper reviews the behavioural adaptation of the domestic horse to captivity and discusses how apparently abnormal behaviour may not only provide a useful practical indicator of specific environmental deficiencies but may also serve the animal as an adaptive response to these deficiencies in an “abnormal” environment. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0301-6226 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4829 | ||
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| Author | Hostetter, A.B.; Cantero, M.; Hopkins, W.D. | ||||
| Title | Differential use of vocal and gestural communication by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in response to the attentional status of a human (Homo sapiens) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Journal of Comparative Psychology | Abbreviated Journal | J. Comp. Psychol. |
| Volume | 115 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 337-343 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Attention; *Communication Methods, Total; Female; *Gestures; Humans; Male; Motivation; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; Social Environment; Species Specificity; *Vocalization, Animal | ||||
| Abstract | This study examined the communicative behavior of 49 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), particularly their use of vocalizations, manual gestures, and other auditory- or tactile-based behaviors as a means of gaining an inattentive audience's attention. A human (Homo sapiens) experimenter held a banana while oriented either toward or away from the chimpanzee. The chimpanzees' behavior was recorded for 60 s. Chimpanzees emitted vocalizations faster and were more likely to produce vocalizations as their 1st communicative behavior when a human was oriented away from them. Chimpanzees used manual gestures more frequently and faster when the human was oriented toward them. These results replicate the findings of earlier studies on chimpanzee gestural communication and provide new information about the intentional and functional use of their vocalizations. | ||||
| Address | Department of Psychology, Berry College, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0735-7036 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:11824896 | Approved | yes | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4970 | ||
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| Author | Pack, A. A.; Herman, L. M. | ||||
| Title | Bottlenosed Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Comprehend the Referent of Both Static and Dynamic Human Gazing and Pointing in an Object-Choice Task. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Journal of Comparative Psychology | Abbreviated Journal | J. Comp. Psychol. |
| Volume | 118 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 160-171 |
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| Abstract | The authors tested 2 bottlenosed dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) for their understanding of human-directed gazing or pointing in a 2-alternative object-choice task. A dolphin watched a human informant either gazing at or pointing toward 1 of 2 laterally placed objects and was required to perform a previously indicated action to that object. Both static and dynamic gaze, as well as static and dynamic direct points and cross-body points, yielded errorless or nearly errorless performance. Gaze with the informant's torso obscured (only the head was shown) produced no performance decrement, but gaze with eyes only resulted in chance performance. The results revealed spontaneous understanding of human gaze accomplished through head orientation, with or without the human informant's eyes obscured, and demonstrated that gaze-directed cues were as effective as point-directed cues in the object-choice task. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4976 | ||
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| Author | Proops, L.; McComb, K. | ||||
| Title | Attributing attention: the use of human-given cues by domestic horses (Equus caballus) | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Animal Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 197-205 |
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| Abstract | Abstract Recent research has shown that domestic dogs are particularly good at determining the focus of human attention, often outperforming chimpanzees and hand-reared wolves. It has been suggested that the close evolutionary relationship between humans and dogs has led to the development of this ability; however, very few other domestic species have been studied. We tested the ability of 36 domestic horses to discriminate between an attentive and inattentive person in determining whom to approach for food. The cues provided were body orientation, head orientation or whether the experimenters’ eyes were open or closed. A fourth, mixed condition was included where the attentive person stood with their body facing away from the subjects but their head turned towards the subject while the inattentive person stood with their body facing the subject but their head turned away. Horses chose the attentive person significantly more often using the body cue, head cue, and eye cue but not the mixed cue. This result suggests that domestic horses are highly sensitive to human attentional cues, including gaze. The possible role of evolutionary and environmental factors in the development of this ability is discussed. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4984 | ||
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| Author | Flauger, B.; Krueger, K.; Gerhards, H.; Möstl, E. | ||||
| Title | Simplified method to measure glucocorticoid metabolites in faeces of horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Veterinary Research Communications | Abbreviated Journal | Vet Res Comm |
| Volume | 34 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 185-195 |
| Keywords | ACTH challenge; enzyme immunoassay; stress behaviour; cortisol | ||||
| Abstract | Glucocorticoids or their metabolites can be measured in several body fluids or excreta, including plasma, saliva, urine and faeces. In recent years the measurement of glucocorticoid metabolites (GCMs) in faeces has gained increasing attention, because of its suitability for wild populations. In horses, however, the group-specific enzyme immunoassay described so far has a limited racticability due to its complex extraction procedure. Therefore, we tested the applicability of other enzyme immunoassays for glucocorticoid metabolites. The present study clearly proved that an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for 11-oxoetiocholanolone using 11-oxoetiocholanolone-17-CMO: BSA (3α,11-oxo-A EIA) as antigen showed high amounts of immunoreactive substances. Therefore it was possible to use just a small amount of the supernatant of a methanolic suspension of faeces. The results correlated well with the already described method for measuring GCMs in horse faeces, i.e. analysing the samples with an EIA after a two step clean up procedure of the samples (Merl et al. 2000). In addition, the 3α,11-oxo-A EIA has the advantage of providing a bigger difference between baseline values and peak values after ACTH stimulation. The new assay increased the accuracy of the test, lowered the expenses per sample, and storing samples at room temperature after collection was less critical than with other assays investigated in our study. This is a big advantage both in the field of wildlife management of equids and in the field of equestrian sports and it shows the importance of choosing an assay which is in good accordance with the metabolites excreted in a given species. |
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5073 | ||
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