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| Author | Krueger, K.; Koenig von Borstel, U. | ||||
| Title | Wie Pferde lernen | Type | Book Chapter | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Pferde verstehen – Umgang und Bodenarbeit | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages  |
56-82 | ||
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| Publisher | FN Verlag der deutschen Reiterlichen Vereinigung GmbH | Place of Publication | Warendorf | Editor | Deutsche Reiterliche Vereinigung e.V. |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-3-88542-793-3 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5943 | ||
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| Author | Siniscalchi, M.; Padalino, B.; Lusito, R.; Quaranta, A. | ||||
| Title | Is the left forelimb preference indicative of a stressful situation in horses? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 107 | Issue | Pages |
61-67 | |
| Keywords | Animal welfare; Ethology; Horse; Limb preference; Physiology | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract Evidence for behavioural and brain lateralisation is now widespread among the animal kingdom; lateralisation of limb use (pawedness) occurs in several mammals including both feral and domestic horses. We investigated limb preferences in 14 Quarter Horse during different motor tasks (walking, stepping on and off a step, truck loading and unloading). Population lateralisation was observed in two tasks: horses preferentially used their left forelimb during truck loading and stepping off a step. The results also revealed that horses showed higher scores for anxious behaviours during truck loading suggesting that the use of the left forelimb in this task may reflect the main role of the right hemisphere in control of behaviour during stressful situation. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6041 | ||
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| Author | Jennings, D.J. | ||||
| Title | Limited evidence that visual lateralization is associated with fitness in rutting male fallow deer | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Animal Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
| Volume | 92 | Issue | Pages |
85-91 | |
| Keywords | aggression; contest behaviour; Dama dama; fallow deer; lateral display; lateralization; mating success; third-party intervention behaviour | ||||
| Abstract | Under certain models of animal competition, individuals are expected to gather information about opponent quality in order to determine whether they should fight or withdraw. However, the ability to process complex information differs between individuals and across brain hemispheres: a feature of vertebrate cognition known as lateralization that is not anticipated by contest models. I investigated the relationship between aggressive behaviour and mating success during the fallow deer, Dama dama, rut and a measure of lateralization derived from eye preference during parallel walking. Results show that there was no relationship between the tendency to escalate to fighting or predictability in the tendency to engage in fighting and lateralization. Conversely, there was a quadratic relationship between third-party intervention behaviour and lateralization: the greater the tendency to intervene in ongoing fights the lower the degree of lateralization. However, individuals that showed lateralization for right-eye use were least likely to be targeted by the intervening male; thus lateralization is beneficial in this context because targeted males are highly likely to lose this subsequent encounter. The relationship between lateralization and mating success was also nonlinear: males that showed little evidence for an eye bias during lateral displays had the greatest mating success. Taken together, individuals that showed lateralization benefited from avoiding being targeted after third-party intervention; conversely, individuals that showed little evidence for lateralization actively intervened during ongoing fights and had higher mating success. These results suggest that, although lateralization does appear to confer a fitness advantage on individuals, this is not as extensive as anticipated. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0003-3472 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5802 | ||
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| Author | Krueger, K.; Flauger, B.; Farmer, K.; Hemelrijk, C. | ||||
| Title | Movement initiation in groups of feral horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 103 | Issue | Pages |
91-101 | |
| Keywords | Horse; Equus ferus caballus; Distributed leadership; Herding; Departure; Rank | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract Herds of ungulates, flocks of birds, swarms of insects and schools of fish move in coordinated groups. Computer models show that only one or very few animals are needed to initiate and direct movement. To investigate initiation mechanisms further, we studied two ways in which movement can be initiated in feral horses: herding, and departure from the group. We examined traits affecting the likelihood of a horse initiating movement i.e. social rank, affiliative relationships, spatial position, and social network. We also investigated whether group members join a movement in dominance rank order. Our results show that whereas herding is exclusive to alpha males, any group member may initiate movement by departure. Social bonds, the number of animals interacted with, and the spatial position were not significantly associated with movement initiation. We did not find movement initiation by departure to be exclusive to any type of individual. Instead we find evidence for a limited form of distributed leadership, with higher ranking animals being followed more often. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5738 | ||
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| Author | Bateson, P. | ||||
| Title | Play, playfulness, creativity and innovation. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Animal Behavior and Cognition | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. Cogn. |
| Volume | 1 | Issue | 2 | Pages |
99-112 |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6553 | ||
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| Author | Duboscq, J.; Agil, M.; Engelhardt, A.; Thierry, B. | ||||
| Title | The function of postconflict interactions: new prospects from the study of a tolerant species of primate | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Animal Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Anim. Behav. |
| Volume | 87 | Issue | Pages |
107-120 | |
| Keywords | aggression; anxiety; conflict management; female; Macaca nigra; reconciliation; social tolerance; third-party interaction | ||||
| Abstract | Aggression can generate anxiety, create uncertainty about its aftermath and jeopardise social relationships. Postconflict interactions serve as conflict management strategies to mitigate these consequences. Whereas postconflict interactions are well characterized in many animals, their functions are still insufficiently investigated. Four functional hypotheses have been proposed: stress reduction, relationship repair, self-protection and benign intent. We aimed to test these hypotheses in females of a tolerant macaque species, the crested macaque, Macaca nigra, under natural conditions, for three postconflict interactions: reconciliation, affiliation and aggression with third parties. Our results provide meaningful contrasts compared with findings in other species. We found no evidence that aggression had consequences for individuals' behavioural indicators of anxiety, although it increased the likelihood of secondary aggression with third parties. There was little evidence for the stress reduction hypothesis as the occurrence of any of the three postconflict interactions investigated had little effect on the measured behavioural indicators of anxiety. Conflict and dyad characteristics also had limited influence on anxiety. The relationship repair function was only partly validated: dyads with stronger bonds or that exchanged more support did not reconcile more often, but dyads with attributes related to the symmetry, stability and predictability (i.e. security) within relationships did. Patterns of initiation and directionality of postconflict interactions in this study population suggest that reconciliation may constitute the signalling of appeasement and benign intent. Furthermore, we found that aggression towards third parties may serve as a source of self-protection and reassertion of the females' social status. The distinctive pattern of postconflict management strategies revealed in wild female crested macaques appears to be related to their typically tolerant social style. These results demonstrate the usefulness of concomitantly studying aggression, postconflict interactions and their functions, to understand conflict management strategies comprehensively, while taking into account the level of social tolerance characterizing the studied society. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0003-3472 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5889 | ||
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| Author | Griffin, A.S.; Guez, D. | ||||
| Title | Innovation and problem solving: A review of common mechanisms | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Behavioural Processes | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Process. |
| Volume | 109 | Issue | Pages |
121-134 | |
| Keywords | Behavioural flexibility; Cognition; Innovation; Problem solving | ||||
| Abstract | Behavioural innovations have become central to our thinking about how animals adjust to changing environments. It is now well established that animals vary in their ability to innovate, but understanding why remains a challenge. This is because innovations are rare, so studying innovation requires alternative experimental assays that create opportunities for animals to express their ability to invent new behaviours, or use pre-existing ones in new contexts. Problem solving of extractive foraging tasks has been put forward as a suitable experimental assay. We review the rapidly expanding literature on problem solving of extractive foraging tasks in order to better understand to what extent the processes underpinning problem solving, and the factors influencing problem solving, are in line with those predicted, and found, to underpin and influence innovation in the wild. Our aim is to determine whether problem solving can be used as an experimental proxy of innovation. We find that in most respects, problem solving is determined by the same underpinning mechanisms, and is influenced by the same factors, as those predicted to underpin, and to influence, innovation. We conclude that problem solving is a valid experimental assay for studying innovation, propose a conceptual model of problem solving in which motor diversity plays a more central role than has been considered to date, and provide recommendations for future research using problem solving to investigate innovation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cognition in the wild. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0376-6357 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6556 | ||
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| Author | Giese,; C. Giese; Gerber,; V. Gerber; Howald,; M. Howald; Bachmann,; I. Bachmann; Burger,; D. Burger | ||||
| Title | Stressbelastung und Verhalten von Pferden in stromführenden gegenüber nicht stromführenden Führanlagen | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde | Abbreviated Journal | SAT |
| Volume | 156 | Issue | 4 | Pages |
163-169 |
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| Abstract | Um die Stressbelastung von Pferden in Führanlagen zu vergleichen, wurden 12 Pferde während 3 Wochen in einer Führanlage mit und ohne stromführenden (3.7 kV) Abtrennungen bewegt. Zur Ermittlung der Stressbelastung wurden die Cortisolwerte im Blut gemessen, die Herzschlagfrequenz mittels Polar® registriert und das Verhalten erfasst. Weder die Cortisol- noch die Herzfrequenzmessungen zeigten einen bedeutenden signifikanten Unterschied zwischen Pferden, die in einer stromführenden beziehungsweise nicht stromführenden Führanlage gingen. Die höchsten Cortisol- und Herzfrequenzwerte wurden in der ersten Woche (Angewöhnungsphase) verzeichnet. Signifikante Unterschiede wurden bei den Verhaltensparametern «Spontanes Wechseln des Abteils» und «Kontakt mit der Trennwand» beobachtet: Während solche vor allem in der ersten Woche und vor dem ersten Stromeinsatz vorkamen, zeigte kein Pferd einen Abteilwechsel während und nach dem Stromeinsatz. Die Resultate dieser Studie deuten darauf hin, dass der Einsatz von stromführenden Abtrennungen in Führanlagen für Pferde keinen bedeutenden messbaren Stress verursacht. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5794 | ||
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| Author | Kedzierski, W.; Wilk, I.; Janczarek, I. | ||||
| Title | Physiological response to the first saddling and first mounting of horses: comparison of two sympathetic training methods | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Animal Science Papers and Reports | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 32 | Issue | 3 | Pages |
219-228 |
| Keywords | cortisol / emotional reaction/ horses / natural training / stress | ||||
| Abstract | There is not much research done on the influence of sympathetic training on the emotional reaction of horses. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the emotional response and the stress level in horses to two sympathetic training methods: (1) with the use of the “round pen technique” (RP), and (2) in which the RP was not applied (SH). Twenty two half-bred Anglo-Arab horses (2.5 years ±3 months of age) were subject to an initial training. Eleven horses were randomly included to the RP method and the other 11 horses for the SH method. Heart rate (HR) and saliva cortisol concentration were measured as indicators of horse emotional arousal and stress level, respectively. The HR values were analysed: at rest, during the habituation period, just after the first saddling and tightening of the girth, during the first time a human leaned over the horse’s back, and during the mounting of the horse. Saliva samples were taken before and 15 min after each training session studied. After saddling, the HR occurred significantly higher when the RP technique was used. The significant increase in saliva cortisol concentration was observed only after the first mounting of the horse. Generally, the use of the RP technique did not involve more important physiological reactions in the trained horses than did the SH method. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5816 | ||
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| Author | Kruska, D.C.T. | ||||
| Title | Comparative quantitative investigations on brains of wild cavies (Cavia aperea) and guinea pigs (Cavia aperea f. porcellus). A contribution to size changes of CNS structures due to domestication | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Mammalian Biology – Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde | Abbreviated Journal | Mamm Biol |
| Volume | 79 | Issue | 4 | Pages |
230-239 |
| Keywords | Domestication; Allometry; Brain structure volumes; Brain-behavior correlation | ||||
| Abstract | Intraspecific allometric calculations of the brain to body size relation revealed distinct differences between 127 (67; 60) ancestral wild cavies and 82 (37; 45) guinea pigs, their domesticated relatives. The dependency of both measures from one another remained the same in both animal groups but the brains of guinea pigs were by 14.22% smaller at any net body weight. Consistent with results in other species the domestication of Cavia aperea is also characterized by a decrease of brain size. Fresh tissue sizes of the five brain parts medulla oblongata, cerebellum, mesencephalon, diencephalon and telencephalon were determined for 6 cavies and 6 guinea pigs by the serial section method. Additionally the sizes of 16 endbrain structures and those of the optic tract, the lateral geniculate body and the cochlear nucleus were measured. Different decrease values resulted for all these structures concomitant with domestication as was calculated from the amount of total brain size decrease and average relative structure values in the wild as well as the domesticated brain. The size decrease of the entire telencephalon (-13.7%) was within the range of the mean overall reduction as similarly was the case for the total neocortex (-10.7%) whereas the total allocortex (-20.9%) clearly was more strongly affected. The size decrease of the olfactory bulb (-41.9%) was extreme and clearly higher than found for the secondary olfactory structures (around -11%). The primary nuclei of other sensory systems (vision, audition) were decreased to less extent (lateral geniculate: -18.1%; cochlear nucleus: -12.6%). Mass decreases of pure white matter parts were nearly twice as high in contrast to associated grey matter parts (neocortex white versus grey matter; tractus opticus versus lateral geniculate body). The relatively great decrease values found for the limbic structures hippocampus (-26.9%) and schizocortex (-25.9%) are especially notable since they are in good conformity with domestication effects in other mammalian species. The findings of this study are discussed with regard to results of similar investigations on wild and domesticated gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), the encephalization of the wild form, the special and species-specific mode and duration of domestication and in connection with certain behavioral changes as resulted from comparative investigations in ethology, socio-biology, endocrinology and general physiology. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1616-5047 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Admin @ knut @ | Serial | 6401 | ||
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