|
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Munksgaard, L.; DePassillé, A.M.; Rushen, J.; Herskin, M.S.; Kristensen, A.M. |
|
|
Title |
Dairy cows' fear of people: social learning, milk yield and behaviour at milking |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
|
|
Volume |
73 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
15-26 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
We examined the effects of the presence of an unfamiliar, a gentle or an aversive handler during milking on behaviour and milk yield, and whether cows can learn to approach or avoid a handler by observing the neighbouring cow?s responses. In Experiment 1, Danish Friesian cows (n=16) were treated gently (offering hay and concentrates) by one handler and aversively (hit every 15s on the head with the hand) by another handler for six periods of 2min each. The two handlers wore different coloured overalls, and each cow received either gentle or aversive treatment in the first week and the other treatment the following week. All cows kept a longer distance to the aversive than to the gentle handler in a 1min test after treatment. Milk yield and residual milk did not differ when the aversive or the gentle handler was standing in front of the cow during milking, although the cows moved their legs and tail less when the aversive handler was present. When an unfamiliar person was standing in front of the cows during milking, behaviour and milk yield did not differ from control milkings. Cows and heifers (n=10) that had observed their neighbours receiving gentle treatment by one handler and aversive treatment from another handler did not differ in the distance they kept from these two handlers. In Experiment 2, cows (n=15) that had observed the neighbours receiving a gentle treatment (eight times for 2min) kept a shorter distance to that handler after treatment of their neighbours, and the distance they kept was correlated with the distance kept by the neighbouring cows. This suggests that responses of observer cows may be affected by the responses of the cows being treated. The cows rapidly learned to avoid an aversive handler, but although the cows showed clear avoidance response to the aversive handler there was no effect on milk yield when the aversive handler was present at milking. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Elsevier |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0168-1591 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
doi: 10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00119-8 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6039 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Karenina, K.; Giljov, A.; Ingram, J.; Rowntree, V.J.; Malashichev, Y. |
|
|
Title |
Lateralization of mother�infant interactions in a diverse range of mammal species |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Nature Ecology & Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat Ecol Evol |
|
|
Volume |
1 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
0030 Ep - |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
Left-cradling bias is a distinctive feature of maternal behaviour in humans and great apes, but its evolutionary origin remains unknown. In 11 species of marine and terrestrial mammal, we demonstrate consistent patterns of lateralization in mother�infant interactions, indicating right hemisphere dominance for social processing. In providing clear evidence that lateralized positioning is beneficial in mother�infant interactions, our results illustrate a significant impact of lateralization on individual fitness. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Nature Publishing Group SN - |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6040 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Siniscalchi, M.; Padalino, B.; Lusito, R.; Quaranta, A. |
|
|
Title |
Is the left forelimb preference indicative of a stressful situation in horses? |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
|
|
Volume |
107 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
61-67 |
|
|
Keywords |
Animal welfare; Ethology; Horse; Limb preference; Physiology |
|
|
Abstract |
Abstract Evidence for behavioural and brain lateralisation is now widespread among the animal kingdom; lateralisation of limb use (pawedness) occurs in several mammals including both feral and domestic horses. We investigated limb preferences in 14 Quarter Horse during different motor tasks (walking, stepping on and off a step, truck loading and unloading). Population lateralisation was observed in two tasks: horses preferentially used their left forelimb during truck loading and stepping off a step. The results also revealed that horses showed higher scores for anxious behaviours during truck loading suggesting that the use of the left forelimb in this task may reflect the main role of the right hemisphere in control of behaviour during stressful situation. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0376-6357 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6041 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Sebastiano, M.; Eens, M.; Angelier, F.; Pineau, K.; Chastel, O.; Costantini, D. |
|
|
Title |
Corticosterone, inflammation, immune status and telomere length in frigatebird nestlings facing a severe herpesvirus infection |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Conservation Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Conserv. Physiol. |
|
|
Volume |
5 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
cow073-cow073 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
Herpesvirus outbreaks are common in natural animal populations, but little is known about factors that favour the infection and its consequences for the organism. In this study, we examined the pathophysiological consequences of a disease probably attributable to herpesvirus infection for several markers of immune function, corticosterone, telomere length and inflammation. In addition, we assessed whether any markers used in this study might be associated with the occurrence of visible clinical signs of the disease and its impact on short-term survival perspectives. To address our questions, in spring 2015, we collected blood samples from nestlings of the magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens) that were free of any clinical signs or showed visible signs of the disease. We found that the plasma concentration of haptoglobin was strongly associated with the infection status and could predict probabilities of survival. We also found that nestlings with clinical signs had lower baseline corticosterone concentrations and similar telomere length compared with healthy nestlings, whereas we did not find any association of the infection status with innate immune defenses or with nitric oxide concentration. Overall, our results suggest that the plasma concentration of haptoglobin might be a valuable tool to assess survival probabilities of frigatebird nestlings facing a herpesvirus outbreak. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
10.1093/conphys/cow073 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6042 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
M, E.; östl,.; Messmann, S.; Bagu, E.; Robia, C.; Palme, R. |
|
|
Title |
Measurement of Glucocorticoid Metabolite Concentrations in Faeces of Domestic Livestock |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Vet. Med. A |
|
|
Volume |
46 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
621-631 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
After 14C-labelled cortisol infusion in ponies and pigs, faecal samples were collected. Extraction of 0.5 g faeces with 5 ml 80–90 % methanol yielded the highest radioactivity in the supernatant. Most of the metabolites were ether soluble. After high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the presence of immunoreactive metabolites was demonstrated by measuring each HPLC fraction using enzyme immunoassays for cortisol, corticosterone and 11-oxoaetiocholanolone. Only the assay for 11-oxoaetiocholanolone revealed peaks with co-eluting radioactivity. For biological validation of the test system, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and dexamethasone were injected intravenously successively in both species (n = 6). Cortisol concentration in blood and the 11-oxoaetiocholanolone immunoreactive substances in faeces were determined. In horse faeces, basal values of 2.3–35.2 nmol/kg were measured. After ACTH administration, an increase (more than 200 % above basal values) of these metabolites was seen about 1 day after ACTH administration. After dexamethasone injection the levels decreased, reaching minimum concentrations 2 days after administration. In pigs, an increase in these metabolites was measured in only three animals after ACTH; dexamethasone did not cause a decrease. The stability of the samples after defecation was tested by storing samples from cows, horses and pigs at room temperature. It was shown that there was a significant increase in the concentration of measured cortisol metabolites in bovine, equine and porcine faeces after storage for 1 h, 4 h and 24 h, respectively. In frozen samples this effect was diminished after thawing samples at 40°C; thawing the samples at 95°C prevented an increase in immunoreactive substances. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Blackwell Science, Ltd |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1439-0442 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6043 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Palme, R.; Moestl, E. |
|
|
Title |
Measurement of cortisol metabolites in faeces of sheep as a parameter of cortisol concentration in blood |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Mammal. Biol. |
|
|
Volume |
62 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
192-197 |
|
|
Keywords |
glucocorticoids, metabolites, animal biology, sheep, immunoenzyme techniques, |
|
|
Abstract |
|
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6044 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Weber-Mzell, D.; Kotanko, P.; Hauer, A.C.; Goriup, U.; Haas, J.; Lanner, N.; Erwa, W.; Ahmaida, I.A.; Haitchi-Petnehazy, S.; Stenzel, M.; Lanzer, G.; Deutsch, J. |
|
|
Title |
Gender, age and seasonal effects on IgA deficiency: a study of 7293 Caucasians |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
European Journal of Clinical Investigation |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
34 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
224-228 |
|
|
Keywords |
Age- and gender-related variability; immunoglobulin A; seasonal variability; serum IgA deficiency |
|
|
Abstract |
Background The frequency of serum IgA deficiency (SIgAD) differs between populations. We examined the prevalence of SIgAD in healthy Caucasians. Materials and methods Serum immunoglobulin A (SIgA) was measured in 7293 volunteers (2264 women, 5029 men) aged 30 ± 14·2 years (mean ± SD; range: 12–66). Serum immunoglobulin A and subnormal SIgA levels were defined by a SIgA level < 0·07 g L-1, and between 0·07 and 0·7 g L-1, respectively. Means were compared by analysis of variance (anova) and analysis of covariance (ancova); frequencies by the χ2 test. Results Fifteen subjects (0·21%; one woman, 14 men) had SIgAD. Subnormal SIgA levels were found in 155 persons (2·13%): 21 females (0·93% of the females) and 134 males (2·66% of the males; difference: 1·74%; 95% CI: 1·12–2·33%; P < 0·001). Males were more likely to have subnormal SIgA levels or SIgAD (odds ratio 3·09, 95% CI: 1·97–4·85). The prevalence of SIgAD and subnormal SIgA was lowest in winter (χ2 = 14·8; P = 0·002; 3 d.f.; and χ2 = 43·2; P < 0·001; 3 d.f., respectively). Serum immunoglobulin A concentrations were significantly higher during winter. Serum immunoglobulin A levels increased with age on average by 0·2 ± 0·06 g L-1 per decade of life (P < 0·001). Taking into account the influence of age, SIgA concentration was lower in females as compared with males. Conclusion The prevalence of SIgAD and subnormal SIgA levels is increased in males. There exists a significant influence of gender, age and seasons on SIgA levels. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Blackwell Science Ltd |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1365-2362 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6127 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Merl, S.; Scherzer, S.; Palme, R.; Möstl, E. |
|
|
Title |
Pain causes increased concentrations of glucocorticoid metabolites in horse feces |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Equine Vet Sci |
|
|
Volume |
20 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
586-590 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
The concentration of 11,17-dioxoandrostanes (11,17-DOA), a group of cortisol metabolites, was measured using enzyme immunoassay in fecal samples of horses experiencing painful episodes. One group of horses consisted of 10 stallions castrated (samples were collected daily for 10 days); the other group was made up of 29 horses which were brought to an animal hospital because of signs of colic (samples were collected twice daily for six days). Before castration, median concentrations of 10.5 nmol/kg feces were measured. On days 1 and 2 after castration, median 11,17-DOA values increased up to 26.2 and 50.0 nmol/kg feces, respectively, and decreased thereafter to levels lower than at the beginning of the sampling period. High variations were measured between individual cases of colic. In animals with colic, all horses excreted more than 33 nmol 11,17-DOA/kg feces for various periods. The highest concentration measured was 885 nmol/kg feces. One animal out of the 29 colic horses did not show any clinical signs of pain upon arrival in the hospital. The 11,17-DOA values were below 17 nmol/kg feces in all those samples. From this data we conclude, that the concentration of 11,17-DOA in feces is a parameter for painful situations that have occurred one or two days earlier. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0737-0806 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6047 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Hartmann, E.; Christensen, J.W.; McGreevy, P.D. |
|
|
Title |
Dominance and leadership: Useful concepts in human-horse interactions? |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
|
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
|
|
Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
|
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
Dominance hierarchies in horses primarily influence priority access to limited resources of any kind, resulting in predictable contest outcomes that potentially minimize aggressive encounters and associated risk of injury. Levels of aggression in group-kept horses under domestic conditions have been reported to be higher than in their feral counterparts but can often be attributed to sub-optimal management. Horse owners often express concerns about the risk of injuries occurring in group-kept horses but these concerns have not been substantiated by empirical investigations. What has not yet been sufficiently addressed are human safety aspects related to approaching and handling group-kept horses. Given horses? natural tendency to synchronize activity to promote group cohesion, questions remain about how group dynamics influence human-horse interactions. Group dynamics influence a variety of management scenarios, ranging from taking a horse out of its social group to the prospect of humans mimicking the horse?s social system by taking a putative leadership role and seeking after an alpha position in the dominance hierarchy to achieve compliance. Yet, there is considerable debate about whether the roles horses attain in their social group are of any relevance in their reactions to humans. This article reviews the empirical data on social dynamics in horses, focusing on dominance and leadership theories and the merits of incorporating those concepts into the human-horse context. This will provide a constructive framework for informed debate and valuable guidance for owners managing group-kept horses and for optimizing human-horse interactions. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
Elsevier |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
0737-0806 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.01.015 |
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6048 |
|
Permanent link to this record |
|
|
|
|
Author |
Briefer, E.F.; Mandel, R.; Maigrot, A.-L.; Briefer Freymond, S.; Bachmann, I.; Hillmann, E. |
|
|
Title |
Perception of emotional valence in horse whinnies |
Type |
Journal Article |
|
Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Zoology |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
|
Volume |
14 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
8 |
|
|
Keywords |
|
|
|
Abstract |
Non-human animals often produce different types of vocalisations in negative and positive contexts (i.e. different valence), similar to humans, in which crying is associated with negative emotions and laughter is associated with positive ones. However, some types of vocalisations (e.g. contact calls, human speech) can be produced in both negative and positive contexts, and changes in valence are only accompanied by slight structural differences. Although such acoustically graded signals associated with opposite valence have been highlighted in some species, it is not known if conspecifics discriminate them, and if contagion of emotional valence occurs as a result. We tested whether domestic horses perceive, and are affected by, the emotional valence of whinnies produced by both familiar and unfamiliar conspecifics. We measured physiological and behavioural reactions to whinnies recorded during emotionally negative (social separation) and positive (social reunion) situations. |
|
|
Address |
|
|
|
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
|
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
|
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
|
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
|
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
|
ISSN |
1742-9994 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
|
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
|
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
|
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Briefer2017 |
Serial |
6049 |
|
Permanent link to this record |